Pharma Basics

Front 1

Css =

Back 1

infusion rate (Ro) / elimination rate x Vd

Front 2

infusion rate (Ro) / elimination rate x Vd

Back 2

Css =

Front 3

D/C

Back 3

Vd

Front 4

Bio equation

Back 4

AUCo (extravascular)/ AUCiv

Front 5

elmination constant K x Vd =

Back 5

Clearance

Front 6

how do you calculate a loading dose

Back 6

Vd x Css / F

Note F (bioav.) is usually 1

Front 7

how does one calculate rate of infusion Ko

Back 7

Cl x Css

Front 8

Cl x Css =

Back 8

infusion rate

infusion rate x tao/ F = MD

Front 9

MD

Back 9

Ko x Tao/ F

Ko = Css x Cl

Front 10

rate of elimination multiplied by volume of distribution equals

Back 10

Clearance

Front 11

infusion rate (ko) multiplied by dosing interval (tao) is

Back 11

Loading dose

Front 12

what happens to Css if Ko (Ro) is doubled

Back 12

Css doubles because it is indirect proportion

Front 13

how many half lives does it take for a drug to reach steady state

Back 13

5

Front 14

during constant infusion what percentage of steady state is reached after 1 half life? 2? 3?

Back 14

50

75

87.5

Front 15

what order is it if plasma concentration decreases linearly over time

Back 15

zero (saturateable)

Front 16

is zero order kinetic elim dependent on drug conc

Back 16

no

Front 17

high doses of vitamin C and NH4Cl can be used for

Back 17

acidifying the urine and rid the body of drugs that are weak bases

Front 18

acidifying the urine and rid the body of drugs that are weak bases

Back 18

high doses of vitamin C and NH4Cl can be used for

Front 19

ASA and Barbituates are weakly acidic drugs what is a basic drug

Back 19

Amphetemine

Front 20

CypIA2

Back 20

caffein, thephylline, Cipro R-Warfarin

Front 21

caffein, thephylline, Cipro R-Warfarin

Back 21

CypIA2

Front 22

Cyp 2C9

Back 22

Phenytoin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen and S-Warfarin

Front 23

Phenytoin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen and S-Warfarin

Back 23

Cyp 2C9

Front 24

diazepam and omeprazole cyp

Back 24

CYP 2C19

Front 25

CYP 2C19

Back 25

Diazepam, omeprazole

Front 26

CYP 2D6

Back 26

dexrotmethormphan, fluoxetine, CODEIN, haloperidol, loratadine, metoprolol, paroxetine risperidone, thioridizine, venlafaxine

Front 27

dexrotmethormphan, fluoxetine, CODEIN, haloperidol, loratadine, metoprolol, paroxetine risperidone, thioridizine, venlafaxine

Back 27

CYP 2D6

Front 28

people have no effect from codeine

Back 28

no CYP2D6

Front 29

CYP 2E1

Back 29

ethanol, INH and APAP

Front 30

ethanol, INH and APAP

Back 30

CYP 2E1

Front 31

50-60 percent of all drugs are metabolized by

Back 31

CYP 3A4

Front 32

CYP 3A4

Back 32

50-60 percent of all drugs are metabolized by

Front 33

phenobarb, nicotine, rifampin, pheny carbemezipine

Back 33

induce

Front 34

induce

Back 34

phenobarb, nicotine, rifampin, pheny carbamezipne

Front 35

give 9 examples of inhibtion of cyp

Back 35

ritonavir, chloramphenicol, omeprazole (2C19) cimetedine, quinidine cipro (Cyp 1A2) erythromycin, ketoconazolw

Front 36

autoinduces itself

Back 36

carbemezipine (Cyp3A4)

Front 37

in terms of a competetive antagonist with an agonist what will the dose response curve look like for the agonist

Back 37

there will be a parallel shift to the right (away from the Y) decreasing the drugs potency and affinity without effecing its efficacy (how tall it is )

Front 38

there will be a parallel shift to the right (away from the Y) decreasing the drugs potency and affinity without effecing its efficacy (how tall it is )

Back 38

in terms of a competetive antagonist with an agonist what will the dose response curve look like for the agonist

Front 39

the potency of a drug will not be effectd but the efficay will be reduced when an agonist is faced with a

Back 39

noncompetitive antagonist

Front 40

nonparralel shifts are associated with agonist and

Back 40

noncompetitive antagonist

Front 41

a drugs efficacy is effected by an

Back 41

noncompetitive antagonist

Front 42

how does a competitive antagonist effect the afinity of an agonist

Back 42

it decreases it without effecting the Vmax

Front 43

it decreases it without effecting the Vmax

Back 43

how does a competitive antagonist effect the afinity of an agonist

Front 44

how does a noncompetitive antagonist effect the affinity

Back 44

doesnt change the affinity only changes the Vmax

Front 45

doesnt change the affinity only changes the Vmax

Back 45

noncom

Front 46

unchanged Km (on the X axis)

Back 46

noncompetitive

Front 47

unchanged Vmax (Y axis)

Back 47

competitive

Front 48

potentiation as in Benzos and Barbs on GABA cause the dose response curve to shift where

Back 48

the left

Front 49

if the lethal dose is much greater than the effective dose then

Back 49

there is a wide therapeutic index and this is good

Front 50

TD50/ED50

Back 50

therapeutic index

Front 51

what defines a narrow TI (therapeutic index)

Back 51

less than 2

Front 52

IP3 releases calcium from

Back 52

the ER

Front 53

DAG releases calcium frrom

Back 53

nowhere it activates PKC which then phosphorylates some protein

Front 54

at low doses ASA blocks tubular secretion but not tubular absorption of what

Back 54

Uric acid therefore at high oses spirine actsl ike probenecid

Front 55

at high doses aspirin acts like what drug

Back 55

probenacid

Front 56

beta agonists are linked to what type of protein

Back 56

Gs

Front 57

drug X has a half-life of 7 hours and is eliminated by first order kinetics a single IV dose provides therapeutic levels of the drug for 14 hours. Doubling the dose will provide a therapeutic level for a total of

Back 57

If the does were doubled it would take one half-life to get to the level attained when the original single dose was given. Adding 7 hours + 14 hours provides a total therapeutic level of 21 hours.

Front 58

Css is equal to input divided by output in other words

Back 58

Ro/CL and clearance is the most improtant factor for determining rate of infucion