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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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drugs that cause release of histamine
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morphine
dextran succinylcholine curare trimetaphan |
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h1 antagonist
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diphenhydramine
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h2 antagonist
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cimetidine
ranitidine |
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mast cell stabilizer
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cromolyn
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h1 blocker that is antiserotonin
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cyproheptadine
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antihistaminic with alpha blocking and local anaesthetic effect
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promethazine
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antihistaminics used to prevent motion sickness
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dimenhdryinate
meclizine used with anti muscarinic |
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antihistaminic somnifacient
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dimenhydrinate
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antihistaminic tt vertigo, meniers disease
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meclizine
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teratogenic antihistaminic
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meclezine
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1st line agent for prolongation of qrs interval after overdose with antihistamine with quinidine like effects
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NaHCO3
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1st line agent in the ttt of antihistamine associated torsade de pointes
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mgso4
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what inhibits phospholipase a2
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corticosteroids
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what inhibits lox
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zileuton
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what inhibits cox
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NSAIDS
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what inhibits LTD4
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LTD4 antagonist ie montelukast
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what inhibits TXA2
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low dose aspirin 75mg
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NSAIDS are not used in asthma due to
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inhibition of COX leading to
1. loss of bronchodilator PG 2. shift of all arachidonic acid to the LOX pathway --> increase in LTC4,D4 --> severe bronchoconstriction |
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pg analogue used as an abortificient
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dinoprost (pgf2alpha)
carboprost (methyl f2alpha) dinoprostone (pge2) |
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pg analogue used in the induction of labour
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misoprostol + methotrexate (1st trimester)
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pg used in treatment of erectile dysfunction
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alporostadil (PGE1)
injected into the corpus cavernosum -> VD |
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PG analogue used in the treatment of peptic ulcer
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misoprostol (PGE1)
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PG analogue used in hemodialysis when heparin is contraindicated
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epoprostenlo
(-) platelet aggregation |
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PG analogue used in patent ductus arteriosus if accompanied by other congential abnormalities
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alprostadil
keeps duct patent during surgery |
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pg analogue used in the treatment of glucoma
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latanoprost
increase uveoscleral outflow |
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nitro vasodilators used in treatment of angina
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nitrates, nitrites (venodilator)
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nitro vasodilators used in treatment of hypertensive crisis
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Na Nitroprusside (arterial dilator)
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NO donor used in treatment of erectile dysfunction
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sildenafil (viagra)
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how does sildenafil work
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PDE5I
1) Increases cGMP in corpus cavernosum --> smm relaxation --> VD this occurs in sexual stimulation (local release of NO) so it increased duration of already existent NO 2) inhibits platelet aggregation |
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ACE inhibitors
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captopril
ramipril fosinopril |
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ARBs (at1 receptor blockers)
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lasartan
valsartan candesartan |
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side effects of ace i
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dry irritant cough
hypotension hyperkalemia teratogenic hypersensitivity angioedema |
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absolute contraindications of ACEI and ARBs
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pregnancy
bilateral renal artery stenosis |
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drug interactions of acei
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induce sever hyperkalemia if used with k sparing diuretic, k supplement (so monitor plasma k levels)
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drugs that increase serum uric acid level
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low dose aspirin
diuretics (loop thiazide) l dopa + carbidopa ethambutol (anti tb) pyrazinamide (anti tb) niacin (antihyperlipidemic) cyclosporine (immunosuppressant) |
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NSAIDS used in ttt of gout
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INDOMETHACIN (common choice)
naproxen sulindac |
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uses of colchicine
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ACUTE GOUTY ARTHRITIS
when patient is -intolerant to NSAIDS -HF (risk of fluid retention) -on anticoagulant PROPHYLAXIS PREVENTING MEDITERRANEAN FEVER |
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side effects of colchicine
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GI toxicity
BM toxicity Myopathy |
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allopurinol is the drug of choice in
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1. prophylaxis from recurrent attacks of gout
2. severe tophaceous gout 3. high serum uric acid with renal impairment 4. uric acid nephropathy, nephrolithiasis 5. before cytotoxic chemotherapy |
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examples of uricosuric drugs
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PROBENCID
sulphinpyrazone benzbromarone |
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side effects of uricosuric drugs
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exacerbation of acute attack
risk of uric acid stones git upset allergic rashes |
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contraindications of uricosuric drugs
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previous urinary tract stone
impared renal function (cr<50ml/min) recent acute gout coadministration of low dose aspirin (pharmacodynamic antagonism) |
