Pharm Winter Exam 1 Cns Simulants

Front 1

Amphetamines and similar drugs

Back 1

1) Inhibit uptake or increase release of NE or Dopamine
2) Effect: Euphoria, alertness, increase energy, decreaseed appetite
3) Side Effects: Anxiety, insomnia irritability, psychosis

Front 2

Amphetamine in High doses

Back 2

1) Behavioral fixation/repetitions: counting cornflakes
2) Amphetamine psychosis; paranoia, delusions hallucinations, violence, mood swings.

Front 3

Amphetamine dependence and tolerance

Back 3

1) Very high abuse potential.
2) Very intense cravings in abstinence

Front 4

Amphetamine

Withdrawal

Back 4

1) Increased appetite
2) Decreased energy, increase need for sleep
3) Severe depression/suicidal behavior
4) Paranoia

Front 5

Methylphenidate

Back 5

CNS stimulant
1) Used to treat ADHD
2) Improves behavior and learning ability
3) Much less CNS stimulation
4) may treat narcolepsy

Front 6

Amphetamine(Adderall)

Back 6

May be used to treat ADHD

Front 7

Atomoxetine

Back 7

CNS stimulant
1) Selective Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
2) No abuse potential
3) Safe for children
4)Side effects: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, dizziness

Front 8

Caffeine

Back 8

CNS stimulant
1) Blocks adenosine receptors and increases cAMP by inhibiting phosphodiesterase

Front 9

Caffeine Effects

Back 9

1) Increase mental alertness
2) Simulate heart
3) Constrict cerebral blood vessels
4) Increase gastric acid secretion
5) Diuresis

Front 10

Caffeine Side effects

Back 10

1) Anxiety
2) Insomnia
3) Psychosis
4) Tachycardia
5) Hypertension
Withdrawal = headache

Front 11

Baclofen

Back 11

Central acting muscle relaxant
1) GABAb agonist
2) Hyperpolarization, decrease release of excitatory transmitterspfrom presynaptic terminals
3) Decreases spasticity, without causing sedation
4) Decrease Substance P

Front 12

Baclofen

pharmacokinetics

Back 12

Intrathecal administration reduces peripheral side effects

Front 13

Baclofen

Side effects

Back 13

1) Drowsiness,
2) Increase seizures in epileptics
3) Respiratory depression and coma at very high doses

Front 14

Diazepam

Back 14

1) Acts on GABAa receptors in spinal chord
2) Causes significant sedation
3) Use: Spasm associated with local muscle trauma

Front 15

Tizanidine

Back 15

1) Similar to Clonidine (alpha 2 agonist)
2) Used for Chronic muscle spasticity
3) Causes sedation

Front 16

Tizanidine

Side effects

Back 16

Side effects
1) Hypotension
2) Dry mouth

Front 17

Cylclobenzaprine

Back 17

1) sedative at level of brainstem
2) Similar TCAs, anticholinergic
3) Used: Acute muscle spasm

Front 18

Cylclobenzaprine

Side effects

Back 18

Side effects
1) Sedation
2) Confusion
3) Transient Visual Hallucinations

Front 19

Carisoprodol (Soma)

Back 19

1) Central nervous system sedative
2) Perception of pain can be altered
3) Metabolized to meprobamate similar to barbiturates
4) Drug of abuse

Front 20

Dantrolene

Back 20

1) Interferes with release of calcium in sarcoplasmic reticulum
2) Used to treat Malignant hyperthermia

Front 21

Botulinum Toxin

Back 21

1) Blocks the release of acetylcholine from presynaptic nerve terminals
2)Extremely small amounts are injected to control local muscle spasm
3) Used to remove wrinkles