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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vitamins are:
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- Cures for their own deficiency diseases
- Extensively self-prescribed - Promoted when used in high doses for the treatment of variety of diseases. - Potentially toxic |
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fat soluble viatmins?
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Vit A, D, E, K
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water soluble vitamins?
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Vit B and vit C
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what type of vitamins cannot be stored tin the body?
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water soluble viatmins (vit B, C)
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what is vitaminoids?
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- Very similar compounds with vitamins
- Beta carotene, mesoinositol, essential fatty acids - Essential minerals - Trace elements ( Chrominum, Cobalt, Selenium) |
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what is RDA?
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recommended dietary allowance
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what is RDI?
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reference daily intake
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when there is a lack of gastric intrinsic factor, which vitamin get affected?
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vitamin B12
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four environmental factors that increase utilization or excretion of vitamins?
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i. Alcoholism - decrease in intake, increased in requirement of vitamins (Vit B) of a ethanol metabolism
ii. Pregnancy - higher requirements for all vitamins iii. Age - the older you get, the more requirement of Vit C and thiamine iv. Stress - smoking, polution, disease |
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Increase in uptaking calories increase requirements for vitamin .....
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vitamin B
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in terms of abnormal uptake or storage, antibacterial agents can cause ...
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decreased production of vitamins
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in terms of abnormal uptake or storage, hepatic damage can cause ...
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less vitamin storage
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in terms of abnormal uptake or storage, lack of exposure to sunlight can cause ...
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less vitamin D synthesis
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thiamine (vit B1) deficiency cause ...
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- beriberi, peripheral nerve damage
- Wernicke's encephalopathy |
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riboflavin (vit B2) deficiency cause ...
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○ Dermatitis, angular stomatitis
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Niacin (vit B3) (nicotinic acid) deficiency cause ...
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○ Pellagra:
§ contraction of the wall of rough skin in Italian § Associated with dermatitis, diarrhea, dimentia |
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Pentothemic acid (vit B6) deficiency cause ...
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○ "Burning feet syndrome"
§ Neuronal damage |
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folic acid deficiency cause ...
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○ Megaloblastic anemia
§ Cells cannot divide § Neural tube defects |
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deficiency of Cyanocobalamin (Vit B12), which is required for folic acid utilization, cause ...
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○ Penicious anemia
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Ascorbic acid (vit C) deficiency cause ...
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- Scurvy
○ Decreased wound healing ○ Loss of teeth |
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vit A deficiency cause ...
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night blindness, dry eye -> blindness!!
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vit D deficiency cause ...
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rickets, osteomalacia
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vit E deficiency cause ...
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Hemolytic anemia of newborns
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vit K deficiency cause ...
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bleeding
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subclinical deficiency could be associated with (three)
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- Increase infection
- Lack of Energy - Cell damage due to oxidation § Some vitamins are anti-oxidants |
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vitamin A toxicity: very high vit A can cause ...
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- Increased intracranial pressure -> nausea and vomiting
- Skeletal abnormalities - Liver damage - Teratogen -> microcephaly |
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vitamin D toxicity: very high vit D can cause ...
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- Acute: Muscle weakness, nausea
- Chronic: metastatic calcification - Tetany, convulsion (vit D is involved in calcium metabolism) |
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vitamin E toxicity: very high vit E can cause ...
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- Muscle weakness
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high dose of niacin can cause
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flushing
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high dose of ascorbate (vit C) can cause ...
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kidney stone
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Vit ..... are thought to be associated with common cold
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vit C
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Vit ..... are thought to be associated with cancer
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vit C
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Vit ..... are thought to be associated with cardiovascular system
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vit E
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antioxidant viatmins ..... and ..... can decrease in progression of macular degeneration
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vit C, E
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