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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Timolol maleate
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like beta blockers
to reduce fluid formation |
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Timolol maleate
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Name the drug
decrease fluid production (exact mechanism unknown) does not change size of pupil (no interference night vision) one dose can be effective for 24 hours |
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Timolol maleate
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Name the drug
one dose can be effective for 24 hours |
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wide angle glaucoma
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What are therapeutic uses for Timolol maleate
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asthma
heart disease (heart block, heart failure) |
What are the cautions for Timolol maleate?
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Osmotic diuretics
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for short use
orally or parentarally acute attacks, preoperative use removes trapped fluid from the eye, decreasing pressure |
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removes trapped fluid from the eye, decreasing pressure
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Osmotic diuretics (mechanism of action)?
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Mydriatics
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What is another name for drugs that dilate the pupil?
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Anticholinergic drugs
Adrenergic drugs |
What are the mydriatic (pupil dilators)drug?
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Anticholinergic drugs
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Longer lasting than the adrenergic drugs to dilate pupils. What drug?
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Anticholinergic drugs
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Therapeutic uses
1. rest intraocular muscles and relieve pain of inflammation (cornea, ciliary muscle, iris, etc) 2. eye exam - accurately measure refractive index 3. pre- and post- op for intraocular surgery. |
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Therapeutic uses
1. rest intraocular muscles and relieve pain of inflammation (cornea, ciliary muscle, iris, etc) 2. eye exam - accurately measure refractive index 3. pre- and post- op for intraocular surgery. |
What are the therapeutic uses for anticholinergic drugs for the purpose of dilating the pupil?
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Anticholinergic drugs
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what drug?
side effects serious if systemically absorbed dry mouth tachycardia fever (reduced sweating) |
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narrow angle glaucoma - can precipitate acute attack; effects may last up to four weeks.
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What is the caution for using anticholinergic drugs?
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Adrenergic drugs
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Drug that dilates and reduces fluid formation.
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Adrenergic drugs
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Therapeutic uses:
1. wide angle and secondary glaucoma as stated above (not because of dilation, however) 2. ocular exam (due to dilation - acts for short duration) 3. relieve congestion (constriction of conjunctivals blood vessels) |
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1. patients with cardiovascular disease (throw into heart failure)
2. narrow angle glaucoma |
What are the cautions for taking adrenergic drugs to dilate pupils?
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Antiinfectives
Steroids Local anesthetics |
What drugs are used to treat ocular injuries, infection, and inflammation?
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Antiinfectives
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Cautions systemically
1. may make patient sensitive to antiinfective that may be used again 2. may develop resistant strains of organisms |
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Antiinfectives
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1. local sensitivity may develop (eye inflammation)
2. normal flora interfered with so may encourage abnormal organisms. |
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eye infections and inflammation
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What are the therapeutic uses of antiinfectives?
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1. allergic reaction of eye
2. severe injury 3. non-pus producing inflammations (i.e. chemical cause of irritant) |
What are the therapeutic uses for steroids?
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therapeutic uses for steroids
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1. allergic reaction of eye
2. severe injury 3. non-pus producing inflammations (i.e. chemical cause of irritant) |
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1. reduces scarring and impaired vision
2. reduced inflammation helps prevent proteins and blood cells from entering aqueous humor (would decrease intraocular pressure) |
What is the mechanism of action for steroids to treat ocular inflammations, infections, and injuries?
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steroids
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1. reduces scarring and impaired vision
2. reduced inflammation helps prevent proteins and blood cells from entering aqueous humor (would decrease intraocular pressure) |
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Steroids
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Cautions
1. ***pus-producing inflammation 2. Prolonged therapy - can cause: - secondary glaucoma - cataracts *** |
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Local anesthetics
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for pain
Caution: no-blink reflex - protect eye from drying out |
