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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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If lifestyle changes do not succeed in lower B/P, the MD will
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prescribe first line of TX diuretics and beta blockers
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2nd step MD will try is B/P wont lower
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increase does or substitute CA channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, ARBS or a Combinations drug
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last step MD will take in lowering B/P
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add another hypertensive drug class
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the prils
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ACE inhibitors
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the sartans
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Angitensin 2 receptor blockers
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calcium ion antagonists
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Calcium Channel blockers
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clonidine or methyldopa
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Centerally acting drugs
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Loop, Thiazide, and potassium sparing
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Diuretics
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the olols
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Beta blockers
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Inspra
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Aldosterone Antagonists
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Tekturna (new)
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Renin inhibitor
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hydrazaline
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direct vasodilators
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Why should pt change position slowly?
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postural hypotension is common and will resolve with continued used
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when taking antihypertensives you should avoid what?
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alcohol because it's a CNS depressant that lowers b/p
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Pts taking potassium sparing diuretics should avoid what?
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salt substitutes
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commonly rx'd drugs that help maintain renal function in pt with DM that are not as effective in African American pt and have less sexual dysfunction side effects
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ACE inhibitors (prils)
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these are no Rx'd for pregnant females because cause birth defects and has side effects of hyperkalemia, dsyspneia, and diarrhea
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Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists-ARBs-sartans
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these are recommended for initial pharmacological therapy along with diurectics (thiazides) are contraindicated in bronchoconstrictive disorders, peripheral vascular disease, and not drug of choice for type 1 DM, end in olol
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Beta adrenergic blockers
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what shouldnt you do when on beta blockers and why
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abruptly quit, could cause rebound angina
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when should you hold beta blockers
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s/s of bradycardia and low systolic b/p
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most of these will reduce hypertension and is also used in the TX of angina, arrhythmias
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Calcium Ion antagonists
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common rx'd Calcium Ion antagonists are?
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Procardia//nifedipine and Norvasc//amlodipine
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available as a transdermal patch that is change weekly, methydopa that is considered adjunct in treatment of HTN
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Centrally acting agents
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common Centrally acting agent?
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clonidine//Catapres
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side effects of Centrally acting agents
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sedation, dizziness, dry mouth
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Side effects of all antihypertensive meds
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postural hypotension
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ACE inhibitors side effects
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Chronic cough (hallmark s/s), HA, dizziness, fatigue
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before giving this drug, if AP less than 60 or systolic b/p less than 100, you must check with DR first
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beta blockers
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side effects of Ca. ion antagonists
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hypotension, syncope, diltiazem which can cause gingival hyperplasia
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this therapy is rarely used because they cause reflex tachycardia and postural hypotension will gradually resolve with continued medication usage
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direct vasodilator therapy
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