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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Theories of drug action
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Drugs DO increase or diminish normal functions of tissues or organs.
Drugs DO NOT cause different functions to occur. |
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do
do not |
Drugs ____ increase or diminish normal functions of tissues or organs.
Drugs ___ cause different functions to occur. |
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Drugs DO increase or diminish normal functions of tissues or organs.
Drugs DO NOT cause different functions to occur. |
What are the theories of drug action?
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receptor
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A macromolecule with which a drug interacts to produce a characteristic biological response.
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drug-receptor complex
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Drug + receptor = ____________ _______.
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active site
altered |
When the drug fits the shape of the _______ ____ of the receptor, a complex is formed which causes ______ cell activity.
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transport of ions or molecules
enzymes activation or deactivation protein synthesis release of hormones or transmitter |
What are some biological responses that the drug-receptor complexes cause?
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ions
enzymes synthesis |
transport of _____ or molecules
_______ activation or deactivation protein _________ release of hormones or transmitters |
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cell membranes (usually requires second messengers such as cAMP or Ca++)
enzymes or other cell components (including DNA) for most drugs, we don't actually know. |
Where are the receptors located?
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cell membranes
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(usually requires second messengers such as cAMP or Ca++)
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Both...it depends upon the drug.
Those that stimulate are classified as AGONISTS. Those that inhibit are classified as ANTAGONISTS. |
Does a drug stimulate or inhibit normal receptor activity?
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AGONISTS
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Drugs that stimulate are classified as ________.
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ANTAGONISTS
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Drugs that inhibit are classified as __________.
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numbers of receptors occupied
affinity(likeness or bond) of drug for the receptor |
How is the strength of drug's reaction determined? (2)
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Agonist
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Compound which increases or intensifies the activity of a receptor.
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Partial agonist
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Compound which increases or intensifies the activity of a receptor, but is less effective (even when all of the receptors are occupied) and can decrease their effectiveness when in competition with them for the same receptor sites.
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increases
effectiveness |
Compound which __________ or intensifies the activity of a receptor, but is less effective (even when all of the receptors are occupied) and can decrease their ____________ when in competition with them for the same receptor sites.
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Antagonist
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Compound which decreases the activity of the receptor or prevents an agonist from acting on a receptor.
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Competitive antagonist
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Compound that bind to the same site on a receptor as an agonist. Effects are reversible by competition with the agonist.
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Can use agonist and competitive antagonist to control exact degree of response.
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What is the advantage of a competitive antagonist?
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Noncompetitive antagonist
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Compound that binds to a different part of the receptor than an agonist but still prevents normal agonist action. Cannot be displaced by competition from agonist.
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Can block an effect no matter what the concentration of the agonist.
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What is the advantage of the noncompetitive antagonist?
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Receptor theory
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What are the structurally specific drugs?
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Structurally nonspecific drugs
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i.e. drug actions are NOT mediated by receptors; some examples (usually simple physical or chemical reactions)
1. Volatile anesthetics 2. Antacids 3. Emollients 4. Osmodiuretics 5. Complexes to remove ions or compounds -EDTA for lead poisoning |
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Volatile anesthetics
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dissolve in membrane and decrease nerve conduction (no specific receptor)
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Osmodiuretics
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mannitol
filter into tubule and pulls water with it. Some laxatives work similarly (MgSO4) |
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Complexes to remove ions or compounds -
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EDTA for lead poisoning
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