Pharm Unit 1 Study Guide

Front 1

The study or science of drugs -

Back 1

Pharmacology

Front 2

Molecular strucure or chemical composition -

Back 2

Chemical Name

Front 3

Name given by Adopted Name Council -

Back 3

Generic Name

Front 4

Generic name becomes this name -

Back 4

Official Name

Front 5

Proprietary name - registered trademark

Back 5

Trade name

Front 6

The rate at which the drug leaves the site of administration and the extent to which it occurs -

Back 6

Absorption

Front 7

Transport of a drug in the body by the bloodstream to its site of action -

Back 7

Distribution

Front 8

Biologic transformation of a drug into an inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound or a more potent metabolite -

Back 8

Metabolism

Front 9

Elimination of the drug from body -

Back 9

Excretion

Front 10

In which route is a drug absorbed through the mucosa of the stomach and/or small or large intestine -

Back 10

Enteral Route

Front 11

Drugs taken by enteral route are taken via -

Back 11

orally / swallow

Front 12

Absorption changes in the stomach can be altered by -

Back 12

age of the patient
presence & types of meds
patients w/ parts of small intestine removed
presence or absence of food / fluids

Front 13

Durgs that are absorbed into highly vascularized tissue under the tongue (the oral mucosa) is called -

Back 13

Sublingual & Buccal Routes

Front 14

Drugs using the sublingual route are absorbed quickly because -

Back 14

the tongue has a large blood supply

Front 15

Which adminstration route uses the first pass effect?

Back 15

Enteral Route

Front 16

This route is the fastest route by which a drug can be absorbed -

Back 16

Paraenteral

Front 17

Any route of administration other than the GI tract is known as

Back 17

Pareneteral route

Front 18

Drugs given by the parenteral route are given by way of -

Back 18

IV

Front 19

Does the parenteral route use the first-pass effect?

Back 19

No, they are adminstered by IV directly into the bloodstrem.

Front 20

Does the sublingual / buccal routes for adminstration bypass the first-pass effect?

Back 20

yes, they are absorbed under the tongue directly into the bloodstream.

Front 21

Topical route drugs involve medications to which body surfaces -

Back 21

skin, eyes, ears, nose, lungs, rectum, or vagina

Front 22

Transdermal route is delivered how -

Back 22

thru adhesive patches

Front 23

Inhaled drugs are delivered how -

Back 23

thru the lungs

Front 24

Are drugs that are administered and delivered via Hepatic arterial thru to the liver, oral, portal venous (IV) and rectal involved in the first-pass effect?

Back 24

Yes

Front 25

Are drugs that are administered aural (in the ear), buccal (cheek), sublingual (tongue), transdermal (patch), inhaled, intrarterial, intramuscular, intranasal, intraocular, intravenous, or subcutaneous involved int he first-pass effect?

Back 25

No

Front 26

The study of what the drugs do to the body or the drug action on living tissues is known as -

Back 26

Pharmacodynamics

Front 27

Name the 3 basic mechanisms of action involved in Pharmacodynamics -

Back 27

Pharmaceutical phase
Pharmacokinetic phase
Pharmacodynamic phase

Front 28

What can alter the rate of absorption of a drug?

Back 28

dosage
acid changes in stomach
age of patient (illness)
presence of medications
those with portions of their small intestine removed
more rapid delivery for those with gastric bypass surgery
absorption changes in the intestine
presence / absence of food or fluid

Front 29

This type of therapy often involves more intense drug treatment and is implemented in those with rapid onset illness and used to treat disease or sustain life..

Back 29

Acute therapy

Front 30

This type of therapy typically does not eradicate problems the patient may have, but does prevent progression of a disease or condition.

Back 30

Maintenance Therapy

Front 31

This type of therapy supplies the body with a sustance needed to maintain normal function either because the body doesn't make it or it's made in insufficient quantity.

Back 31

Supplemental Therapy

Front 32

This type of therapy's goal is to make the patient as comfortable as possible. Typically used in the end stages of illness when all attempts at curative therapy have failed.

Back 32

Palliative Therapy

Front 33

This type of therapy maintains the integrity of body functions while the patient is recovering from illness or trauma.

Back 33

Supportive Therapy

Front 34

This is a type of drug therapy provided to prevent illness or other undesirable outcomes during planned events.

Back 34

Prophylactic Therapy

Front 35

The study of natural (vs. synthetic) drug sources (plants, animals, minerals / the origin of drugs is known as -

Back 35

Pharmacognosy

Front 36

List the four major sources of drugs and give an example of a drug derived from each source -

Back 36

plants - foxglove (cardiac glycosides)
animals - horses (hormones)
Laboratory Synthesis - recombinant DNA (many drugs)
Minerals - aluminum hydroxide (antacids)

Front 37

The Kefauver-Harris amendment of 1962 was enacted due to what tragic event?

Back 37

The thalidomide tragedy that occured in Europe between the 1940's - 1960's. Many pregnant women took this sedative-hypnotic drug and gave birth to babies who were seriously deformed.
Another, is the sulfanilamide tragedy of 1937 where over 100 deaths occured in the US when peole ingested a diethylene glycol solution of sulfanilamide that was marketed as a therapeutic drug. It was never tested for its toxicity.

Front 38

This Act required drug manufacturers to list onthe product label the presence of dangerous & possibly addicting substances.

Back 38

Federal Food & Drugs Act

Front 39

What are the two publications that set the standards for drugs in the US -

Back 39

USP Designation
The US Pharmacoia

Front 40

What is the dispensing restrictions of a C-I class drug -

Back 40

NONE - Basically no approved uses

Front 41

What is the dispensing restrictions for a C-II drug?

Back 41

Written Rx required
No refills
Needs warning labels

Front 42

What is the dispensing restrictions for a C-III drug?

Back 42

Written Rx required
No more than 5 refills in 6 mths
Needs warning labels

Front 43

What is the dispensing restrictions for a C-IV drug?

Back 43

Rx expires in 6 mths
no more thand 5 refills in 6 mths
needs warning labels

Front 44

What is the dispensing restrictions for a C-V drug?

Back 44

May need Rx in some states. These are cough suppressants and anti-diarrheal meds that contain small amounts of opioid-controlled substances

Front 45

What defines the nurses role?

Back 45

Nurse Practice Acts
Standards of Care
Policy & Procedures

Front 46

List the 6 rights

Back 46

Right patient
Right drug
Right dose
Right time
Right route
Right documentation

Front 47

Study of what the body does to the drugs -

Back 47

Pharmacokinetics

Front 48

What is the primary purspose of the drug acts/legistlation and HIPPA -

Back 48

ensure the safety and efficiency of new drugs and in the case of HIPPA, to protect patient confidentiality.