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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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LD 50
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the dose of a substance that kills 50% of subjects
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ED 50
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the dose required to achieve a half-maximal effect
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TD 50
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the dose required to achieve 50% toxicity
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therapeutic index
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LD50/ED50 or TD50/ED50, larger therapeutic index=safer drug
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threshold dose
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the dose below which some compounds are considered to be non-toxic (NOAEL)
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acceptable daily limit
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used to determine the safe level of additives and contaminants, usually some factor such as 1/100 to 1/1,000 of the NOAEL
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tetratogenicity
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the study of congenital defects
Category A=proven to be safe Category B=animal no risk, studies in women unavailable OR adverse effect in animal not proven in women Category C=adverse effect in animal not proven in women OR no studies available...drug only given if potential benefit justifies the potential risk Category D=positive evidence of human risk, but benefits may be acceptable in life threatening or serious disorder Category X=risk of drug clearly outweighs any possible benefit |
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ABCD of emergency management
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airway, breathing, circulation, dextrose
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cholinergic or anticholinesterase syndrome
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due to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, peripheral effects due to muscarinic and nicotinic receptor stimulation
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anticholinergic syndrome
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caused by atropine, scopolamine, tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, jimson weed
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