Pharm Test 4 Ch.33 Diurectics

Front 1

cessation of urine production

Back 1

anuria

Front 2

absence of urine production

Back 2

azotemia

Front 3

production of urine

Back 3

diuresis

Front 4

accumulation of excess water in the body

Back 4

edema

Front 5

male breast enlargement

Back 5

gynecomastia

Front 6

increase in potassium levels in the blood

Back 6

hyperkalemia

Front 7

low blood potassium level

Back 7

hypokalemia

Front 8

Many conditions like HF, endocrine disturbances, and kidney and liver dx can cause fluid overload or ____

Back 8

edema

Front 9

A ____ is a drug that increases the excretion of urine by the kidneys

Back 9

diuretic

Front 10

____ is frequently treated with the administration of an anti hypertensive drug and a diuretic

Back 10

hypertension

Front 11

The diuretics used for this combo therapy include ___ diuretics and the ___-

Back 11

loop

Thiazides

Front 12

What are the 5 classifications for diuretics?

Back 12

Loop

Thiazides

Potassium-Sparing

Osmotic

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Front 13

The functions of the urinary systems are to eliminate ____ and water, manage _____ balance, BP regulation, management of electrolyte balance, ____ production/ maintain volume, and critical to bone health (calcium and Phosphorus)

Back 13

waste

acid/base

Front 14

Renal failure can lead to the breakdown of _____ in the bone marrow

Back 14

RBC

Front 15

The ____ is the functional unit of the kidney

Back 15

nephron

Front 16

Diuretics work by altering the ____ or _____ of electrolytes (Na and Cl) in the kidney

Back 16

excretion

reabsorption

Front 17

Each kidney contains over __ million nephrons

Back 17

1

Front 18

Glomerus

Back 18

filter system of kidney where osmotic diurectics work

Front 19

Arterioles

Back 19

circulatory system enters

Front 20

Tubules

Back 20

selective absorption system

Front 21

Diuretics are used for:

Back 21

Fluid retention

hypertension

renal dx (drugs help with function)

acute glaucoma

seizures/ altitude sickness (shift in fluids)

Front 22

All diuretics may cause ____ when given with antihypertensive

Back 22

hypotension

Front 23

All have risk for ____ and ____ inbalance

Back 23

fluid and electrolyte

Front 24

Most common side effects include dizz, lightheadedness, HA, weakness, fatigue, anorexia, NV, and _____

Back 24

photosensitivity

Front 25

____ diuretics inhibit reabsorption of Na and Cl in the distal and proximal tubules if the kidney and in the loop of Henle

Back 25

Loop

Front 26

Loop diuretics work at ___ sites of the nephrons

Back 26

3

Front 27

An example of a loop diuretic is

Back 27

furosemide

Front 28

The nursing alert with loop diuretics is the watch for _____ and cardiac arrhythmias

Back 28

hypokalemia

Front 29

____ inhibit the rebsorption of Na and Cl ions in the ascending portion of the loop of Henle and the early distal tube of the nephron.

Back 29

Thiazide

Front 30

An example of a thiazide diuretic is

Back 30

chlorothiazide

Front 31

Thiazide drugs will interact with meds that tx ____, surgical anesthesia, chemotherapy drugs, and antidiabetic drugs

Back 31

gout

Front 32

____-___ diuretics block/reduce excretion of Potassium, increasing uring excretion of Na and water

Back 32

Potassium-sparing

Front 33

An example of potassium sparing diuretics

Back 33

Spironolactone

Front 34

Spironolactone works to antagonize the action of ________

Back 34

aldosterone (hormone released to enhance Na absorption)

Front 35

Potassium - sparing diuretics hold onto ____

Back 35

potassium

Front 36

____ diuretics increase the density of the filtrate in the glomerulus.

Back 36

Osmotic

Front 37

Osmotics diuretics increase ___ and ___ excretion

Back 37

Na

Cl

Front 38

Example of Osmotic diuretic is

Back 38

mannitol

Front 39

Mannitol is given ___

Back 39

IV

Front 40

The uses for mannitol are ____ and ____ activity

Back 40

intercranial pressure

seizure activity

Front 41

Osmostic diuretics are used for quck action required for situations such as ____ swelling

Back 41

brain

Front 42

____ ___ ___ are sulfonamides, without bacteriostatic action, that inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase causing excretion of Na, K, HCO3, and water

Back 42

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Front 43

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are useed to reduce ___ ___ in glaucoma pts.

Back 43

aqueous humor

Front 44

an ex of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Back 44

acetazolamide

Front 45

People allergic to _____ should not take carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors

Back 45

sulfas

Front 46

You would not use diuretics in pts with electrolyte imbalance, severe ____ or ___ dysfunction, and _____

Back 46

kidney and liver

anuria

Front 47

Mannitol is contraindicated in pts with an active ___ ___

Back 47

cranial bleed (but not during craniotomy)

Front 48

Potassium sparing diuretics are contraindicated in pts with _____ and not recommended for pediatric pts.

Back 48

hyperkalemia

Front 49

Precautions for using diuretics are pregnancy category c or B depending and ____ dx

Back 49

renal

Front 50

Thiazide and loop diuretics may exacerbate s/sx or activate, diabetes, liver dx, or ____ erythematosus

Back 50

lupus

Front 51

If a pt is allergic to yellow food dye (tartazine), they may also have a reaction to ____

Back 51

thiazide

Front 52

Herbs that have diuretic properties such as __ ___ and horsetail. These are severely toxic and associated with renal damage.

Back 52

juniper berries

Front 53

Other Herbs include

Back 53

dandelion

celery, chicory, sassafras

hibiscus

digitalis purpura (foxglove)