Pharm Test 3 Olol Pa Helminths

Front 1

DOC for cutaneous larva migrans, visceral larva migran, intestinal capillariasis, microsporidial infections, and gnathostomiasis.

Back 1

Albendazole

Front 2

DOC for Neurocysticercosis

Back 2

Albendazole

Front 3

ADE's of Albendazole?

Back 3

-Epigastric Distress
-Diarrhea
-HA
-Nausea
-Dizziness
-Lassitude
-Insomnia
-Long Term Use: Abd distress, HA, Fever, Fatigue, Alopecia, and increase cyp450 enzymes

Front 4

Contraindications of Albendazole?

Back 4

-HST to benzimidazole drugs
-Cirrhosis

Front 5

What is Ivermectin the DOC for?

Back 5

-Strongyloidiasis
-Onchocerciasis

Front 6

What drug can be used to treat Loisasis, Scabies, Lice, Cutaneous larva migrans, and ascarid worms?

Back 6

Ivermectin

Front 7

What drug's MOA enhances GABA mediated transmission in peripheral nerves, paralyzing nematodes and arthropods.

Back 7

Iveremectin

Front 8

Ivermectin not only enhances GABA transmission, but also blocks the release of __________ for months.

Back 8

microfilariae

Front 9

What are the ADE's of Ivermectin?

Back 9

-Fatigue
-Dizziness
-Nausea
-N/V
-Abdominal Pain
-Rashes
-MAZOTTI Rxn following microfilaricide effects (which include: HA, dizziness, somnolence, weakness,pruritis, diarrhea, and joint and muscle pain)

Front 10

Contraindications to Ivermectin

Back 10

-Pregnancy
-Children <5yrs
-Use w/ barbituates or benzo's enhance GABA activity

Front 11

Indications for Mebendazole?

Back 11

-Ascaris
-Trichuriasis
-Hookworm
-Pinworm
-Intestinal Capillariasis

Front 12

MOA of Mebendazole?

Back 12

-Inhibits microtubule sythesis
(hookworms, ascaris, trichuris eggs)

Front 13

ADE's of Mebendazole?

Back 13

-Short term therapy
-N/V/D
-Abd pain
-High doses: HST rxns (rash, urticaria), agranulocytosis, alopecia, cyp450 enzyme induction

Front 14

Contraindications of Mebendazole?

Back 14

-Pregnancy
-Children <2 yrs
-Cirrhosis

Front 15

Indications of Oxamniquine?

Back 15

-S. Mansoni Dz, advaced hepatosplenomegaly
-Acute Katayama syndrome
-With Metrifonate to tx mixed schistosome
-Alternative for Praziquantel if there is resistance

Front 16

MOA of Oxamniquine?

Back 16

-Unknown
-Contraction and paralysis of worms
-Detachment from terminal venules in the mesentary, worms are transported to the liver and die

Front 17

ADE's of Oxamniquine?

Back 17

-CNS: Dizziness, HA, Drowsiness
-N/V/D
-Colic
-Pruritis
-Urticaria
-Infrequent: Low grade fever, orange discoloration of urine, proteinuria, microscopic hematuria

Front 18

Oxamniquine Contraindications?

Back 18

-Working with machinery/driving (b/c causes drowsiness)
-Pregnancy

Front 19

Piperazine Indications?

Back 19

-Alternative for Ascaris

Front 20

Piperazine MOA?

Back 20

-Blocks Ach at the myoneural jxn, the worms become paralyzed and are expelled by the host

Front 21

Piperazine ADE's?

Back 21

-N/V/D
-Abdominal Pain
-Dizziness
-HA

Front 22

Piperazine Contraindications?

Back 22

-Pregnancy
-Impaired renal and hepatic function
-Epilepsy or Chronic Neurologic Dz

Front 23

What is the drug of choice for all forms of Schistosomiasis?

Back 23

Praziquantel

Front 24

Aside from schistosomiasis, what are other indications of Praziquantel?

Back 24

-Clonorchiasis, Opisthorchiasis, Paragonimiasis
-Taeniasis & Diphyllobothriasis
-Neurocysticercosis
-H.Nana infections
-Hydadid dz (praziquantel + albendazole pre and post surgery)

Front 25

MOA for Praziquantel?

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-Paralysis of trematode and cestode dislodgement and death
-Increase the permeability of the cell membranes to calcium
-Effective against adult and immature stages.

Front 26

ADE's of Praziquantel?

Back 26

-HA, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Lassitude
-N/V, Abdominal pain, loose stools
-Low grade fever, pruritis

Front 27

Contraindications of Praziquentel?

Back 27

-Pregnancy
-Do not use while driving (drowsiness)

Front 28

Indications for Thiabendazole?

Back 28

-Strongyloidiasis
-Cutaneous larva migrans
*Give after meals (alternative to Ivermectin)

Front 29

MOA for Thiabendazole?

Back 29

-Ovicidal Effects
-Similar to Albendazole

Front 30

ADE of Thiabendazole?

Back 30

-MORE TOXIC EFFECTS THAN OTHER AGENTS!
-N/V
-Dizziness
-Anorexia
-Less frequent: Epigastric pain, abdominal pain, diarrhea, pruritis, drowsiness
-Irreversible Liver Failure
-SJS

Front 31

Contraindications of Thiabendazole?

Back 31

-Pregnancy
-Hepatic Dz
-Renal Dz

Front 32

What are the 3 main classes of Helnminths?

Back 32

1. Round Worms (Nematodes)
2. Flukes (Trematodes)
3. Tapeworms (Cestodes)

Front 33

What parasitic dz causes bloody diarrhea and dehydration and is due to an infection of the large intestines by pinworms? Usually in children.

Back 33

Trichuriasis

Front 34

This is a skin dz known as "creeping eruption," "sand worms," or "ground itch."

Back 34

Cutaneous larva migrans

Front 35

This parasitic dz invades the internal organs, ie heart (myocarditis) and CNS (seizures) in children.

Back 35

Visceral larva migrans

Front 36

This is a parasitic diarrheal dz causing abdominal pain, diarrhea, hypoproteinemia, hypotension, and cardiac failure.

Back 36

Intestinal capillariasis

Front 37

This is caused by an infection from uncooked meet and leads to swelling of the skin and subcutaneous tissues.

Back 37

Gnathostamiasis

Front 38

This parasitic dz is transmitted in uncooked meat (ie pork) and causes nausea, heartburn, dyspepsia, HA, fever, chills, eye swelling, and jount and muscle pain.

Back 38

Trichinosis

Front 39

This parasitic dz is caused by infection from the Chinese liver fluke and causes diarrhea and fever. Also called "Swimmer's Itch" (schistosomiasis)

Back 39

Clonorchiasis

Front 40

This parasitic dz is from a round worm infection and leads to abdominal pain, diarrhea, urticaria, rash, and blood eosinophilia.

Back 40

Strongyloidiasis

Front 41

This parasitic dz is caused by infection from the black fly bite, which transmits the worm. Worms then spread to the eye causing itching and swelling. "River Blindness."

Back 41

Onchocerciasis

Front 42

This parasitic dz is caused by an infection from the deer fly bite. It transmits worms which spread to the conjunctiva and cornea.

Back 42

Loiasis

Front 43

This parasitic dz causes pimple like irritations, burrows, or rashes on skin (webs of fingers) and causes intense itching at night.

Back 43

Scabies

Front 44

This parasitic dz is caused by an infection by the liver fluke which is transmitted in uncooked fish. Sypmtoms include malaise, abdominal distress, and epigastric pain. May lead to liver CA.

Back 44

Opisthorchiasis

Front 45

This parasitic dz is caused by the lung fluke and is transmitted from uncooked crabs, crawfish, and pork. It is an inflammatory dz of the lung.

Back 45

Paragonimiasis

Front 46

This is an infection from a tapeworm. Transmitted in uncooked meat (beef & pork)

Back 46

Taeniasis

Front 47

This is an infection from a tapeworm. Transmitted in uncooked fish and can cause Vit B12 deficiency and megaloblastic anemia.

Back 47

Diphyllobothriasis

Front 48

This is an infection from a tapeworm. Transmitted in contaminated raw pork. Tapeworm spread to CNS and causes seizures, epilepsy, and HA's.

Back 48

Neurocysticercosis