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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antiviral Drugs Acyclovir (Zovirax)
1st primary choice for the treatment of |
herpes simplex & varicella-zoster
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Antiviral Drugs Acyclovir (Zovirax)
action: (2) |
Suppress synthesis of viral DNA
Inhibits viral replication |
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Herpes 1-
Herpes 2- Varicella zoster- shingles |
Herpes 1- cold sore
Herpes 2- sexually transmitted herpes Varicella zoster- shingles |
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Acyclovir (Zovirax)
used for: |
Herpes Simplex II HSV-2
Varicella-zoster (it stops replication) |
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Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Administration -decrease dose in patients with: -IV - infuse over __ hour and ensure what? |
Decrease dose in patients with kidney disease
IV – phlebitis Infuse over 1 hour, ensure post infusion po hydration |
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Valacyclovir Valtrex
Action (2) |
-Through active metabolism in the liver converts to acyclovir
-Inhibits viral replication |
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When you see vir at the end of a word it’s a drug
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going after a virus
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Valacyclovir Valtrex
Pro-drug of (Pharmaceutically inactive) |
acyclovir
-Converts to active form through metabolic conversion –this is how it got developed -Higher bioavailability than acyclovir don’t have to go through P450 |
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Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
Uses (3) Who is it not approved for? |
-Herpes Zoster
-Herpes simplex genitalis -Herpes simplex labialis –oral lesions/cold sores -Not approved for use in immunocompromised hosts (wont help patient with HIV.) |
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Ganciclovir [Cytovene,Vitrasert]
Uses (3) |
-Herpes simplex viruses (not in women because of potential for pregnancy)
-CMV -Epstein-Barr virus |
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Hepatitis A
Transmission of Virus (2) the immunization is given when? To whom? |
-Stool on hands
-Contaminated food or water -Immunization at 24mths and requires 2 doses -Given to children who live in high risk areas |
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DURATION OF PROTECTION AFTER HEPATITIS A VACCINATION
-Persistence of antibody (How long?) |
At least 5-8 years among adults and children
Mathematical models of antibody decline suggest protective antibody levels persist for at least 20 years |
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DURATION OF PROTECTION AFTER HEPATITIS A VACCINATION
Efficacy |
No cases in vaccinated children at 5-6 years of follow-up
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) blood |
high
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) semen |
moderate
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) serum |
moderate
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) urine |
low
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) feces |
low
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) wound exudates |
high
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) vaginal fluid |
moderate
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) tears |
low
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) saliva |
moderate
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) breast milk |
low
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Concentration of HBV
in Various Body Fluids (high, moderate, low) sweat |
low
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Hepatitis B
Immunization for an infant |
first dose given before baby leaves the hospital
-2nd dose 4 wks after the 1st dose -3rd dose 8wks after the 2nd dose |
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Hepatitis B
If u acquire this, treatment is trying to |
protect your liver
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-Hep A, B, and C CAN’T BE KILLED…we can only
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suppress replication
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Hepatitis B
Treatment: what does it do? treatment can be how long? |
Interferon Alfa
-Blocks entry of the virus into the cells -Treatment can extend 4mths or -Injections 3x a week |
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Chronic Hepatitis C
-Factors Promoting Progression or Severity Increased... Age? What kind of infection? |
Increased alcohol intake (alcohol promotes liver inflammation)
Age > 40 years at time of infection HIV co-infection really bad |
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Chronic Hepatitis C
Treatment/ Meds |
Interferon and Ribavirin
-2 meds to help suppress. Ribavirin is an oral medication ,decreases inflammation but doesn’t stop replication so you need another medication |
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Hepatitis C
Ribavirin -what is unique about this -how is it given -what does it do |
-is not effective without interferon
-Given orally -Decreases inflammation but does not stop replication of virus |
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Interferon with Ribavirin is the drug we use . Helps suppress replication
-what does it help block? what are the adverse effects? |
viral entry into the liver cell
flu like symptoms severe depression |
