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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What's the advantage and disadvantage of antacids?
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Adv: provide rapid relief
Dis: short acting (multiple doses) |
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T or f: antacids heal erosions
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F
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Magnesium salts may cause diarrhea/constipation and aluminum salts may cause diarrhea/constipation?
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Diarrhea; constipation
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What are the two mechanisms of action of H2 receptor antagonists?
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1. Block histamine binding to parietal cells and reduce activation of parietal cells
2. Reduce cAMP levels (attenuate response to ACh and gastrin) |
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H2 receptor antagonists are effective for ____ acid reduction which is significant in duodenal ulcers.
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Nocturnal
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What H2 receptor antag has significant drug interactions bc it inhibits cytochrome p450?
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Cimetidine
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H2 receptor antag end in _____ while proton pump inhibitors end in _____.
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Tidine; prazole
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Proton pump inhibitors bind to and reversibly/irreversibly inhibit the H+/K+ ATPase of the _____ parietal cell.
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Irreversibly; active
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When should proton pimp inhibitors be taken? Why?
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1 hour before meals; gives them time to absorb, reach canaliculus of the parietal cell, and activate when the parietal cell is most active and the exposure to pumps is maximized.
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It takes ______ days for PPIs for maximal effect.
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3-4
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PPIs are good for GERD and peptic ulcer disease, but what condition are they not very effective in?
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Non ulcer dyspepsia
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T or F: PPis are not useful in gastrinomas as well as stress gastritis.
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F!!!
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Misoprostol (Cytotec) is a ______ (mucosal protective agent) that is contraindicated in who?
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PGA; pregnant women (stimulate uterine contractions)
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Laxative tx should only be considered in patients refractive to what?
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Supplemental dietary fibers
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What laxatives are typically the first therapeutic approach for most types of constipation? What are two natural and one synthetic agents?
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Bulk forming laxatives; natural= dietary bran and psyllium preps; synthetic= methylcellulose
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T or f: Laxatives are contraindicated in patients with obstruxtions or those with megacolon or megarectum.
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T
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What should be treated before laxatives are started?
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Fecal impaction
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What laxatives are stool surfactant laxatives (2)? Which one is the only laxative approved for fecal impaction in infants or debilitated adults?
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Decussate and mineral oil; mineral oil
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Magnesium hydroxide, sodium phosphate, glycerin, and polyethylene glycol are all what kind of laxatives?
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Osmotically active (non-absorbable...increase fluidity of feces)
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Bisacodyl and Ricinoleic acid are what kind of laxatives?
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Stimulant
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What three conditions should antidiarrheals not be used in?
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Bloody diarrhea, high fever, or systemic toxicity
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Biological response modifiers are drugs used to tx what? Which drug is used? What's the target of this drug?
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Inflammatory bowel disease; Infliximab; inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor
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