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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name a non-selective competitve alpha receptor antagonist that is reversible.
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Phentolamine
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Name a non-selective, competitve alpha receptor antagonist that is irreversible.
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Phenoxybenzamine
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What are the four alpha 1 selective receptor antagonists?
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(1) Prazosin
(2) Terazosin (3) Doxasosin (4) Tamsulosin |
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What are the uses for alpha 1 selective receptor antagonists?
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(1) Txt of hypertension
(2) Raynaud's disease (3) Pheochromocytomas (4) Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia |
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Wha tis Raynaud's disease?
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® Painful condition in which your extremities are subjected to sympathetically caused vasospasms - constricting the vessels and causing pain to them - decreasing the flow to them.
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In treating Pheochromocytomas, what is the isomeric mixture of the drug called to block both alpha and beta activity?
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Labetalol
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Which alpha 1 blocker is perfered in treated benign prostatic hyperplasia? How does the drug work?
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Tamulosin and it works by (1) relaxing the smooth muscle in the bladder (2) relaxing the alpha 1a smooth muscles of the prostate portion of the urethra (3) relax the smotth muscle of the prostrate.
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What are possible toxiciies associated with alpha 1blockers?
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(1) pupil dilation dysfunction (2) nasal stuffiness (3) Decreased Nervous Sweating (4) Drowsiness (5) Failure of ejaculation (6) Postural hypotension (7) Tachycardia (8) Diarrhea
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What are the two non-selective beta blockers?
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(1) Propranolol
(2) Pindolol |
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What are the three selective beta blockers?
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(1) Metoprolol
(2) Atenolol (3) Esmolol |
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What are the uses of beta blockers?
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(1) Mild-moderate hypertension
(2) Dysrrhythmia (3)Exertional Angina (4) Performance Anxiety (5) Alcohol Withdrawal (6) Glaucoma (7) Migraine Headaches |
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When using a beta blocker in for mild-moederate hypertension, how should you withdraw the patient from the drug and why?
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The patient should withdraw the drug very slowly to allow the body to adjust to the increase of beta 1 receptors the body has made in response to the beta blockers. Otherwise, the body would go crazy with all of the beta blocker effects.
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Describe the mechanism by which exertional angina is corrected by beta blockers.
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By decreasing the rate and force of cardiac contraction, cardiac work is reduced and thus so is oxygen consumption. With longer diastoles, coronary blood flow is improved. All of these effects decrease the pain associated with angina.
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What drug is used to treat performance anxiety?
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Propanolol
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How are beta blockers used to treat glaucoma?
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The ciliary muscles contain beta 1 receptors which when stmulated produce aqueous humor. By blocking beta 1 receptors, aqueous humor production ceases.
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What specific drug is used to treat migraines? Why?
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Propanolol because it is more lipophilic.
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Would you want a non-selective beta blocker to treat asthma?
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No - just want a beta 1 blocker - do not want to block beta 2 because this aids in relaxation.
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What are posible contraindications for beta blockers?
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(1) People with Asthma
(2) People with decreased cardic contractility (3) People who are depressed, sedated, or who have sleep disorders (4) Hypoglycemic patients (Diabetics) |
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Why is hypoglycemia or diabetic patients a contraindication for beta blockers?
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The beta 2 receptor is responsible for monitoring glyogenolysis and gluconeogeneiss and the mechanism whereby the body tries to maintain the normal glucose level in the blood.
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