Pharm Test 2

Front 1

Ace Inhibitor common ending

Back 1

PRIL

Front 2

Ace inhibitors cause increase potentiol for _______kalemia

Back 2

hyper- the decrease te excretion of potassium by suppressing aldosterone secretion

Front 3

ARB common ending

Back 3

SARTANS

Front 4

Common ending for CCB's

Back 4

dipines - also includes Dilitazem (Cardizem) and Verapimil

Front 5

CCB's work by ________ arterioles

Back 5

dilating

Front 6

A patient with hypotension is ordered a CCB would you give this drug

Back 6

No- the dilated arterioles decrease BP

Front 7

Ace Inhibitors stop the conversion of

Back 7

Angiotensin I to Angiotension II

Front 8

ARB's stop angiotensin II from causing

Back 8

Vasoconstriction

Front 9

Aldosterone Receptor Blockers block

Back 9

Aldosterone

Front 10

When an Ace inhibitor is given it blocks _________ and increases __________

Back 10

Angiotensin II, Bradykinin

Front 11

When Angiotensin II is blocked the result is

Back 11

Vasodilation, decreased blood volume, decreased cardiac and vascular remodeling, potassium retention and fetal injury

Front 12

When Bradykinin is increased the result is

Back 12

Vasodilation, Cough and Angioedema(rare)

Front 13

These therapeautic uses are for which drug class- HTN, Heart failure, MI, Diabetic and non diabetic nephropathy, prevention of MI and stroke or death in clients at high cardiovascular risk

Back 13

ACE INHIBITORS

Front 14

ACE inhibitors work on nephropathy by

Back 14

increasing kidney perfusion

Front 15

Cardiac Remodeling is

Back 15

Bad- ventricles dilate, hypertrophy, heart more sperical, increased wall stress and decreased LV function

Front 16

This drug class has been shown to prolong life by causing a stand still or reversal of cardiac remodeling

Back 16

ACE INHIBITORS

Front 17

What is the #1 reason to stop ace inhibitors

Back 17

cough

Front 18

ACE INHIBITORS are given at night. Why?

Back 18

Hypotension - they also cause first dose hypotension

Front 19

This ace inhibitors is bad in lupus, scleraderma and collage disorders

Back 19

Captopril

Front 20

A patient with Bilateral Kidney stenosis should not recieve which drugs

Back 20

ACE INHIBITORS and ARB's

Front 21

This class of drugs interacts with Diuretics, antihypertensive agents, lithium and NSAIDS

Back 21

Ace inhibitors

Front 22

What happens when Lithium and Lisinopril are taken together

Back 22

As with any ace inhibitor the lithium level can accumulate to toxic amounts

Front 23

What happens when you take a NSAID with an ACE

Back 23

The ace inhibitors is decreased in effect

Front 24

Which labs would you monitor in a pt taking a Ace inhibitor

Back 24

WBC (neutropenia) and K+ if impaired renal fx

Front 25

ARBS therapeutic uses are the same as Ace inhibitors except they are also used for

Back 25

migranes

Front 26

Your HR, Contractility, blood volume and venous return make up what?

Back 26

cardiac output

Front 27

Which diuretics will you get more diuresis with? Thiazide or Loop?

Back 27

Loop (bumix, lasix)

Front 28

Therapeutic dig level is

Back 28

0.5-0.8ng/ml

Front 29

Primary htn has

Back 29

no identifiyable cause, chronic and progressive

Front 30

Secondary HTN has

Back 30

a treatable underlying cause

Front 31

Hydralazine dilates (veins or arterioles)

Back 31

Arterioles, the direct action is on the vascular smooth muscle

Front 32

Drugs that work on arterioles can cause what adverse reaction

Back 32

Reflex tachycardia- there is a decrease in arterial pressure,

Front 33

What med would you give to prevent reflex tachycardia?

Back 33

B blocker

Front 34

With prolonged use of hydralazine or Nitro what adverse effect may you get

Back 34

Increased Blood Volume- the low BP causes increasedaldosterone which tells the kidney to hold onto Na+ and H20

Front 35

What is the medication used for increased blood volume

Back 35

diuretic

Front 36

Hydralazine is the _____ choice for HTN

Back 36

3rd

Front 37

Nitroglycerines major adverse effect

Back 37

Postural Hypotension- due to relaxation of smooth muscle.

Front 38

Cardiac Output is a combination of

Back 38

HR, Contractility, blood volume and venous return

Front 39

Ionotropin is

Back 39

force of contraction

Front 40

Chronotropin is

Back 40

HR

Front 41

Normal PR
QRS

Back 41

PR 0.12 QRS 0.10

Front 42

Heart block pts would have a PR interval over

Back 42

0.20

Front 43

Afib that is asymptomatic is usually treated with

Back 43

Only coumadin to decrease risk of clots

Front 44

If you have a prolonged QRS you will have

Back 44

decreased contraction increase in heart failure

Front 45

What is the difference between ST elevation MI and non st elevated MI

Back 45

ST elevated MI is worse it means there has been a full occlusion with tissue death, A non ST elevated is a partial occlusion

Front 46

Criteria for Vtach

Back 46

No P wave, QRS > 0.12 Ventricle rate of 150-200

Front 47

Automaticity is

Back 47

the hearts ability to GENERATE electrical impulse

Front 48

Epoetin Alfa increases production of __________

Back 48

RBC's in bone marrow

Front 49

2 types of hematopoietic growth factors are

Back 49

Erythropoietin (RBC's)
Leukopoietic (WBC's

Front 50

This drug is to decrease the risk of infection in myelosuppressive chemo pts, after a bone marrow transplant and to treat neutropenia

Back 50

Filgrastim (Neupogen)

Front 51

These 2 growth factors can be given SQ or IV

Back 51

Filgrastim (Neupogen) and Epoetin Alfa (procrit, epogen)

Front 52

Adverse effects of Epoetin Alfa include (3)

Back 52

HTN, Autoimmune pure red aplasia, cardiovascular events

Front 53

Adverse effects of Neupogen include

Back 53

Bone pain, leukocytosis

Front 54

With Epoetin Alfa what is the target Hgb and Max Hgb

Back 54

10-12gm/dl, MAX is 12
(Hgb should be monitored 2x wk

Front 55

Sargramostim (Leukine) is used after ______________ to increase _____________

Back 55

bone marrow transplant, bone marrow recovery

Front 56

Leukine is given

Back 56

IV only

Front 57

Adverse effects of Leukine are

Back 57

Diarrhea, weakness, rash, malaise, bone pain, LEUKOCYTOSIS, thrombocytosis

Front 58

What lab should be monitored while on Leukine? At what value should the drug be stopped

Back 58

CBC 2x/wk
IF WBC > 50,000 stop drug

Front 59

Oprelvekin (Interleukin-11) is a _______________ growth factor and is used to _____________

Back 59

Thrombopoietic,
Increase production of platelets

Front 60

Oprelvekin (Interleukin-11) is given only

Back 60

SQ

Front 61

Oprelvekin (Interleukin-11) is used for

Back 61

myelosuppressive chemo to minimize platelet deficience and decrease need for transfusion

Front 62

Oprelvekin (Interleukin-11) adverse effects are

Back 62

Fluid retention(peripheral)
Cardiac Dysrhythmias, effects on eye, sudden death from hypokalemia, anaphylaxis

Front 63

Calcium regulates _____________ in _____________

Back 63

contraction in vascular smooth muscle

Front 64

CCB's have ______ effect on veins

Back 64

NO

Front 65

The 2 coagulation pathways are

Back 65

Intrinsic and extrinsic

Front 66

Verapamil blocks ___________ in blood vessels and heart

Back 66

calcium channels

Front 67

Verapimil is used for

Back 67

Angina pectoris, essential hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias

Front 68

Side effects of verapimil include

Back 68

Constipation, dizziness, flushing, HA, bradycardia, AV block

Front 69

Verapimil and Diltiazem have the same indications, Diltiazem causes less _____________

Back 69

constipation

Front 70

Nifedipine is a ___________ that works on

Back 70

CCB, Arterioles

Front 71

Nifedepine is more likely than verapamil to cause

Back 71

reflex tachycardia

Front 72

What are the therapeautic uses for Nifedepine

Back 72

Angina, hTN

Front 73

S/s of Dysrhythmias

Back 73

Dizziness, weakness, decreased exercise tolerance, dyspnea, fainting, palpations

Front 74

All drugs used to treat dysrhythmias also

Back 74

cause dysrythmias

Front 75

Quinidine is used to

Back 75

maintain SR in pts with AF who were converted with dig or cardioversion

Front 76

Class 1 dysrhthmics are ___________

Back 76

Sodium channel blockers

Front 77

Lidocaine is a class ____ it is used for

Back 77

1B, symptomatic VT, PVC's and prevention of V-fib

Front 78

When giving Lidocaine how is it given? What special considerations are there?

Back 78

IV, have crash cart and o2 avaiable

Front 79

Therapeutic level for Lidocaine

Back 79

2-5mcg/ml

Front 80

Class II antidysrhythmics are

Back 80

Beta Blockers

Front 81

Beta Blockers are used in SVT to

Back 81

slow ventricular rate of contraction

Front 82

Class III antidysrhythmics are

Back 82

Potassium Channel Blockers

Front 83

Which Drug is in class 3

Back 83

Amiodorone

Front 84

Amiodorone can be given _______ but the uses are different

Back 84

IV or Oral

Front 85

IV amiodorone

Back 85

Slows conduction thru AV node, prolong refractory period, used for acute suppression of VT and VFib, Onset is several hours

Front 86

Oral Amiodorone is used to

Back 86

treat recurrent VT or Vfib, maintain NSR after conversion, onset in days-a week

Front 87

Amiodorone can cause

Back 87

hypothyroidism, it is iodine rich

Front 88

Other side effects of Amiodorone

Back 88

Pulm fibrosis, myocardial depression, hypotension, bradycardia, hepatic dysfunction, CNS disturbance, bluish skin, peripheral neuropathy and muscle weakness

Front 89

What drug can cause a fatal reaction if given with IV verapamil

Back 89

IV propranolol, bradycardia and hypotension

Front 90

Myocardial perfusion only takes place during ______

Back 90

diastole

Front 91

Angina Pectoris is a

Back 91

sudden pain beneath sternum radiating to left shoulder and arm often

Front 92

During Angina Pectoris O2 supply is ___________ this is caused from ____________ leading to __________

Back 92

insufficent, plaque, CAD

Front 93

CAD progresses from ANgina to _______

Back 93

MI

Front 94

3 types of antianginal drugs are

Back 94

Organic nitrates, Beta Blockers, CCBS