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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an example of economic poisons?
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Antibiotics (selective toxicity).
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Compare and contrast the protective effects of the gut and lungs.
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Gut is highly protective, but the lungs are very poor.
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What are the four different types of intoxication?
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1. Accidental (bleach in mislabeled bottle)
2. Incidental (cigarettes) 3. Iatrogenic 4. Intentional (homicide/suicide) |
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Give six types of intoxicative effects.
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Acute (sudden/severe), subacute (repeated exposures hours/days), chronic (repeated exposures weeks/months), delayed (months/years after exposure), local (at first site of contact), reversible (absinthe, liver damage)
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What are some initial therapies for intoxication.
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a) supportive measures
b) stop exposure (dilute with water, collect samples) c) empty stomach d) limit GI absorptions e) systemic antidotes f) hasten elimination |
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What is the first thing you always do with an intoxicated patient?
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Supportive measures
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What can you use to empty the stomach?
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1. Syrup of ipecac (CTZ)
2. Apomorphine (CTZ, counterindicated if tx is CNS depressant) |
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When is emesis not indicated?
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1. Ingestion of caustics (acid/base)
2. Ingestion of petroleum distillates (volatiles: emesis/aspiration, chemical pneumonitis) 3. Ingestion of convulsant 4. Ingestion of CNS stimulant 5. Severe CNS depression 6. Cardiac and pulmonary patients |
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What is a gastric lavage?
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French tube (oro-gastric/naso-gastric) with syringe. add saline in small volumes until clear, then add next treatment (charcoal).
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How can you hasten elimination?
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1. Forced diuresis (mannitol, furosemide)
2. Alter urine pH (NaHCO3, NH4Cl) 3. Dialysis |
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What drugs is hemodialysis effective for?
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Drugs with low Vd.
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What is a specific antagonis for benzodiazepines?
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Flumazenil
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