Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
• bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)
• tetracycline (Achromycin V) • amoxicillin (Amoxil) • metronidazole (Flagyl) |
Antibiotics
|
|
|
• cimetidine (Tagamet)
• ranitidine (Zantac) • famotidine (Pepcid) • nizatidine (Axid) |
H2-Receptor Antagonists
(Inhibitors of Gastric Acid Production) |
|
|
• omeprazole (Prilosec)
• lansoprazole (Prevacid) |
Inhibitors of the Proton Pump:
|
|
|
• misoprostol (Cytotec)
|
Prostaglandin Analogs:
|
|
|
• propantheline (Pro-Banthine)
• glycopyrrolate (Robinul) |
Muscarinic Antagonists: “Antispasmodics”
|
|
|
• aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)
• magnesium hydroxide (“Milk of Magnesia”) • calcium carbonate (Tums) • sodium bicarbonate (Alka-Selzer) |
Antacids:
|
|
|
• sucralfate (Carafate)
|
Mucosal Protective Agents:
|
|
|
Adverse Reactions:
-↑ serum prolactin levels--> gynecomastia & galactorrhea -impotence & ↓ libido 2) ↑ Rx interactions 3) headache, dizziness, sedation, confusion, delirium. 4) GI: Diarrhea, constipation, myalgia |
Cimetidine:
|
|
|
drug interactions involving cimetidine
|
theophylline, oral anticoagulants, phenytoin
(↑ chance of toxicities) |
|
|
H2 Antagonists with similar spectrum of mild adverse reactions EXCEPT antiandrogenic effects of cimetidine & no rx interactions
|
Ranitidine, famotidine
|
|
|
↓ absorption of cimetidine
|
Antacids:
|
|
|
Binds to H+/K+ - ATPase proton pump at the surface of the gastric parietal cell, inhibiting the final step in gastric acid secretion.
|
PPI MOA
|
|
|
PPIs are ____ effective than H2 antagonists
|
more
|
|
|
Adverse reactions:
GI: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache Caution: Any Rx that ↓ gastric acid→ ↑ risk of enteric infections |
PPIs
|
|
|
PPIs Metabolized by hepatic P450 cytochromes → ↓ metabolism of ______, ______, & _________ (increase toxicity)
|
coumadin, diazepam & phenytoin
|
|
|
1. MOA:
a) It inhibits gastric acid secretion, both basal and stimulus induced from food, histamine, gastrin-- ↓ cAMP b) It stimulates the gastric mucosa to secrete bicarbonate and mucus, thus providing a mucosal protective effect. |
Misoprostol (Cytotec):
|
|
|
Adverse reactions:
Diarrhea, NV & cramping abdominal pain ↑ uterine contraction– Rare WARNING: Contraindicated in pregnant women ( Pregnancy Category X) |
Misoprostol
|
|
|
CNS side effects (Sedation)
Anti -SLUD |
• propantheline (Pro-Banthine)
• glycopyrrolate (Robinul) |
|
|
Worst Side Effects: CONSTIPATION
|
Al(OH)3 (Amphojel)
|
|
|
MOA: Osmotic Effect
↑cholecystokinin secretion Worst Side Effects: LAXATIVE EFFECT |
Mg(OH)2 (Milk of Magnesia)
|
|
|
Releases CO2→ belching & gastric distention
Caution if hypertensive or CHF → Fluid Retention Unneutralized HCO3- is readily absorbed→ Metabolic Alkalosis |
NaHCO3 (Alka-Selzer):
|
|
|
Milk-Alkali Syndrome: hypercalcemia, alkalosis & renal failure
belching & flatulence |
CaCO3 (Tums)
|
|
|
MOA: (-) charged SO4 binds (+) charged denatured proteins to form a complex at the base of ulcer craters.
|
Sucrafate (Carafate)
|
|
|
Sucralfate Adverse reaction:
|
Constipation
|
|
|
Sucralfate ↓ absorption of other Rxs
|
tetracyclines, cimetidine, warfarin, phenytoin
|
|
|
Do not administer Sucralfate simultaneously with _______ or ________
|
antacids or H2 antagonists
|
