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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ending of ...pril
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ACE inhibitor
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ending ...sartan
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blocks effects of angiotensin II
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ending...lol
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beta blocker
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what do loop diuretics affect?
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NAK2Cl transporter
and vasuclar effects increase Ca excretion |
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what do thiazide do to calcium>
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decrease Ca excetrion
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what are adverse affects of both loop diuretics and thiazide ?
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decrease K and cause met alkalosis
increase uric acid in urine hyponatremia |
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what is an adverse affect specific to loop diuretics?
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ototoxicity
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what are the K sparing diuretics?
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Nachannel blockers
mineralocoticooid receptor blockers |
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what are the Na channel blockers?
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amiloride triamterene
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what are the mineralocoticoid receptor blockers?
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spironolactone
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what are the drugs that stim central alpha receptors that used to decrease BP?
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clonodine
methyldopa |
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what are some AEs for clonodine/methyldopa
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dedation
abrupt withdrawal problems in clonodine mehtyldopa can cause positive coombs test with hemolytic anemia and hepatic failure |
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what are durgss that alter symptahteic ns peripherally to reduce BP
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reserpine
guanethidine |
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what are the alpha non selecitve blockers?
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phentolamine, phenoxyybenzamine
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what are the alpha 1 selective blockers?
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prazosin
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what is AE of prazosin
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first dose othoro hypotension
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what are the beta blockers nonselective?
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propanolol
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what are the Beta one blockers?
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atenolol
metoprolol |
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what are the alpha beta blockers/
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lebetalol
carvedilol |
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what is effect of propranolol?
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decrease HR
decrease Contractililty decrease renin release |
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what is a AE for beta blockers?
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sudden withdrawal effects
delayed recover from hypoglycemia in pt on insulin bronchospasm bradycardia |
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arterial vasodiolators?
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hyralzine
minoxidil diazoxide CCB fenoldopam |
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how does fenoldopam work?
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stims DA in vessels causes dialtion
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hydralazine MOA?
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NO release
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what is big AE for hydralazine?
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drug induced lupus
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minodxidil MOA and diazoide
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opens Kchannels
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what is MOA of CCB
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blcok CA
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what is an art and vein dilator
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sodium nitroprusside
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what is moa of sodium nitroprusside?
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stim guanyl cyclase
NO release |
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AE of sodium nitroprusside?
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broken down into cyanide
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what is function of ACE?
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converts angitotensin I to II
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what are effects of angiotensin II?
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aldosterone release
vasoconstiction |
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what is another MOA of decreased BP in ACE inhibitors?
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decreases bradykinin breakdown they then act as vasodilator
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what is a risk with ACE inhibitor?
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angioedema can swell thoat and cause asphyxia
increased K usually only a problem if other condition is raiseing K as well |
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what is the renin inhibitor?
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aliskiren
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what are the two causes of angina?
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both cause ischemia to heart
1. vasospasm 2.atheroslcerosis |
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what are the organic nitrates?
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nitroglycerin
Isosorbid dinitrtate amyl nitritie |
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what is MOA of organic nitrates?
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dilate viens at lo concentration
arteries have some dilation relaxation of muscle smooth antiplatelet doe this by release of NO and its affect on guanyl cyclase |
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what is the effect of vein dialtion?
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decreased BP.
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what is the effects of organic nitrates?
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decrease BP
increas contractility and HR overall though it helps more than hurts decreases demand |
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what is good for treating vasospasm?
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organic nitraties.
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which orgnaic nitrate dose not undergoe first pass metabolims
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ISMN
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what is a major interaction of organic nitrates.
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sidenafil(viagra)
excessive cyclice GMP sever hypotension. |
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what are the 3 Ca channel blockers used in high HP?
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nifedipine
diltaiazem verapamil |
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what is MOA
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vasodiation
decrease HR |
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which Ca channel blockers focus on vasodilation?
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nifedipine
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which Ca channel blockers focus on heart rate/?
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diltiazem
verapamil |
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what is ranolazine?
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new drug for treatment of chronic angina
MOA not known |
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what are used in treatment of pulmonary edema?
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diuretics
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what is a drug that increases survival in heart failure?
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beta blockers
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what is digoxin actions?
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increase contractility
vagal stim which will decrease HR decreases sympathetic activyt |
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how is digoxin excreted?
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renal
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what raises risk of arrhythmia when taking digoxin?
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hypokalemia
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what causes torsad depoint?
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early afterdepolarization
long QT interval |
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what is classic drug that causes afterdepolarizations arrhythmias
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digoxin
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what do class one anti arrthmic drugs do?
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block Na channels
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what are the classs 1 antiarrhythimics
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quinidine
procainamine disopyramide lidocane mexiletine flecainide propafenone |
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what are the class 2 antiarrhythimics
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propranolol
works by blocking beta |
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prcainamide causes what important AE?
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lupus
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what are teh class III anti arrythmics?
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sotalol
amiodarone ibutilide dofetilide |
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whate ate the class IV antiarrythmics?
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verapamil
diltiiazem |
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what are the misc antiarrythmics?
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digoxin
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what are some AEs of amioddarone?
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pulmonayr fiborsis
inhibit met of warfarin make u blue |
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what causes torsad depoint?
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early afterdepolarization
long QT interval |
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what is classic drug that causes afterdepolarizations arrhythmias
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digoxin
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what do class one anti arrthmic drugs do?
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block Na channels
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what are the classs 1 antiarrhythimics
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quinidine
procainamine disopyramide lidocane mexiletine flecainide propafenone |
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what are the class 2 antiarrhythimics
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propranolol
works by blocking beta |
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prcainamide causes what important AE?
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lupus
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what are teh class III anti arrythmics?
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sotalol
amiodarone ibutilide dofetilide |
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whate ate the class IV antiarrythmics?
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verapamil
diltiiazem |
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what are the misc antiarrythmics?
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digoxin
adenosine magnesium |
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what are some AEs of amioddarone?
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pulmonayr fiborsis
inhibit met of warfarin make u blue |
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S phase specific anticancer drug
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citarabine
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M phase specific anticancer
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somthing alkaloid
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what are the alkylating agents MOA
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alkaylation of DNA
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what are AEs of alkylating agents
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BM, GI reproductive effects
carcinocengic |
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what are the alkylating agents
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cyclophosphamides
nitrosoureas streptozocin procarbazine cisplatin |
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what is cyclophosphamid also effective in other than cancer?
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effective imunosupressant
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what is an advantage of nitrosureas?
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BM suppression delayed
lipid soluable so can cross BBB used in brain cancer |
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what are the nitrosureas?
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camusitine
lomustine |
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metronidazole and procarbazine have what shared effects?
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dislufram like effect after ethanol use
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what drug is extremely emetogenic?
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cisplatin
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aminoglycocides
loop diurectics cisplatin all share what toxicity? |
oto and nephrotox(or effects)
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what are the antimetabolites?
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folic acid analogs
purine/pyrimidines |
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what are the folic acid analogs antimetabolites?
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methotrexated
pemetrexed |
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what is the target of mehtotrexate?
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inhibtis DHFR
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what is target of pemetrexed?
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thymidylated synthase
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what is a drug give along with methotrexate?
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leucovorin used to save the normal cells after the drug kills all the cancer cells
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what are the purine/pyrimidine antimetabolites/
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6-MP
6-TG purine analogs 5-fluorouracil cytarabine gemcitabine |
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what are the antibiotics used in anticancer?
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dactinomycin
doxorubicin daunorubicin bleomycin |
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what is MOA of dactinomycin?
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binds DNA
inhibits RNA synthesis |
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what is MOA of docorubicin/daunorubicin?
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inhibtis topoisomerase II, intercalates into DNA, free radical damage , membreae binding
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what is MOA of bleomycin
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binds DNA free radical gen and DNA strand breaks
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what are the plant based anticancers/
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vinca alkaloilds
taxanes |
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what is MOA of vinca alkaloids?
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bind tublin and decrease polymerazation of microtubules
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what is MOA of taxanes?
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ehnagec polymerazitoin of microtubules
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what are the vinca alkaliods?
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binbalstine
vincristine |
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what is MOA of hydroxyureas?
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inhibtis RNR
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what is MOA of asparaginase
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depletes asparagine in certain leukemic cells
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what is MOA of prodphyllotics and campthothecanc?
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inhibit topoisomerase I and II respectively
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what is MOA of bortezoombi?
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proteaseome inhibtor
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what are the diffrentiateng agents/
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all trans retinoiodc acid
arsenic trioxide |
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imatanib MOA
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inhibtis Bcr-ABL tyrosine kinase use in chronic myloid leuckemia
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what are the growth factor receptor inhibitors?that affect EGFR
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cetuximab
panitumumab gefitinib erlotinib |
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what are teh growth factor recptor inhibitors that effect VEGF
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bevacizumab
sorafenib sunitinib |
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what are some biological response modifieres and antiboides
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interferon alfa
interleukin-2 a whole bunch of .....mab. |
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trastuzumab is used in what?
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breast cancer
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