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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acetazolamide Effects
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CA inhibitor
-prevent reabsorb of HCO3 -urine pH ALKALINE -prevent Na+ reabsorb -increase K+ secretion |
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Acetazolamide Uses
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-Glaucoma
-ALtitude Sickness -Alkalinize urine (salycilate OD) -Induce acidemia/ stimulate respiration |
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Acetazolamide SE
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hypercholremic metabolic acidosis
-impaired H+ secretion -loss of HCO3 |
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Urine changes w/ Acetazolamide
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INCREASE
K+, Na+, HCO3- DECREASE Cl- (hypercholremic metabolic acidosis) |
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Manitol Uses
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(i.v.)
-prevent complete renal failure w/ ARF -decrease intracranial pressure (no bleeds) -prevent renal toxicity (AmphoB, cisplatin, cyclosporin) |
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Manitol SE
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-overexpansion of IVF
-headache -nausea -hyponatremia |
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Loop Diuretics
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Furosimide
Bumetanide Ethancrynic acid |
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DOC pulmonary edema
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Furosimide (lasiks)
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Loop Diuretics MOA
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(-) tritransporter
-hyperaldosteronism---> K+ wasting -immediate increase in RPF/ GFR -Ca2+ and Mg2+ wasting |
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Dopamine MOA
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-weak diuretic
-increase RPF w/ nl. GFR -lower Filtration Fraction -prevent Na/ H2O backleak to PT |
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decrease FF
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Dopamine
increase RPF nl. GFR weak diuretic |
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Stimulate repiration in pt. to be extubated
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Acetozolamide
induce respiration |
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Where does mannitol act?
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Thick ascending loop of henle
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Mannitol MOA
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TA LoH- prevent reabsorb of Henle
-increase GFR and RPF -increase excretion of Na, H2O, Cl, K, HCO3, Mg, and PO4 |
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Prevent renal toxicity if giving:
cisplatin amphoteracin B cyclosporins |
Mannitol
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DOC Hypercalcemia
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Furosimide
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High doses inhibit CA
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Furosimide
Thiazides |
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Loop Diuretics Theraputic uses
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-pulmonary edema (DOC)
-edema due to CHF, cirrhosis, renal disease -hypercalcemia |
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Furosimide MOA
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-tritransporter blocked in TA LoH and macula densa
-increase GFR/ RBF/ renin -K, Mg, and Ca wasting |
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Hyperglycemia and FUrosimide
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furosimide inhibits insulin secretion
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Furosimide SE
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-hyperglycemia (inhibit insulin sec)
-hyperaldosteronism -K, Mg, Ca wasting -orthostatic hypotension -Tinnitus/ reversible hearing loss -hyperuricemia -azotemia/ coma |
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DOC diuretic HTN
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thiazides
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DOC diuretic w/ GFR < 25
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metolazone
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Increase urate resorb in PT
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thiazides
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decrease GFR w/ variable changes of RPF
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thiazides
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all diuretics given p.o.
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thiazides
furosimide |
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MOA thiazides
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(-) NaCl pump in DT
large doses (-) CA decrease GFR a/ no change RPF increase urine pH urine ALWAYS hypertonic |
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How to modulate K+ wasting w/ thiazides
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add SPIRINOLACTONE
-aldosterone rec. antagonist -prevent K+ wasting |
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Used SPIRINOLACTONE
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-1' hyperaldosteronism
-refractory edema -cirrhosis -nephrotic syndrome -heart failure |
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Sx Spirinolactone and sex
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inhibits testosterone synthesis
gynecomastia menstral irregularity hirsituism |
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Triamterene and Amiloride MOA
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block Na+ channels in the DT and CT
natiuresus inhibit sec. of H+ resorb K and H |
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K+ sparing agents
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Amilioride
Triamterene Spirinolactone |
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give furosimide but avid PT Na resorb
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ass metolazone
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Metozalone MOA
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-inhibit PT Na resorb
-block NaCl active transporter in DT -decrease GFR -increased K, Ca, and Mg secretion |
