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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nasopharyngeal airway
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TRUMPET
Size: from ear lobe to nostril Indications: Very temporary airway (surgery, recovery, paramedic) Pts. c clenched teeth Contraindications: pts with severe head/facial injuries |
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Oropharyngeal airway
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GUEDEL or BERMAN
*The Berman has channels along each side that allow a suction catheter or endotracheal tube to slide into the pharyngeal space. size: from ear lobe to corner of mouth Indications: Used in emergencies when pt. is not conscious, but still breathing (to keep tongue from blocking epiglottis) Contraindications: if pt has a gag-reflex they may vomit when it is too large, it can close the glottis and thus close the airway improper sizing can cause bleeding in the airway |
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LMA
(laryngeal mask airways) |
Designed to form a low pressure seal in the laryngeal inlet by an inflated cuff.
- Placed blindly - Equipped with a 15mm fitting for pos. pressure ventilation - Do not administer pressures greater than 20 cmH2O. This would lead to ventilation loss and gas leaks around cuff. - Lungs are not protected from aspiration (though it is reduced) Advantages: simple insertion easy to teach & learn better airway than nasal/oral does not require airway manipulation, or extreme head positioning hands free after placement Disadvantages: cost aspiration choosing correct size |
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Combitube
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this airway provides sufficient ventilation whether it is placed in the esophagus or the trachea. blind intubation made easy, no need for a laryngoscope or visualization of the airway. comes complete with two inflation syringes and a suction catheter.
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ETT
(endotracheal tube) |
A. Indications (4) for ETT
1) Relieve obstruction – short and long term ventilation 2) Protect the airways 3) Bronchial hygiene 4) Support ventilation B. Identify and describe importance of tube markings 1) Z79 – committee sets standards materials 2) Size of tube ID - inner diameter (mm) 3) OD – outer diameter (mm) 4) IT – implanted tested (non toxic) 5) PVC - Polyvinyl chloride - thermoplastic polymer 6) Gentle curve 7) Murphy Eye or Magill Tip 8) Cuff 9) Pilot balloon C. ID vs. OD sizes of tubes 1) Inner diameter is the diameter that the gas can flow through whereas the outer diameter is size of the tube that can down into the airway 2) Common sizes for women are 6, 7, 8 and men is 7, 8, 9 3) Estimating the ET size – width of small finger, [(age + 16) / 4 = ID] until age 16, height (cm) / 20 = ID D. Proper Placement of tubes – Assessment (breath sounds, CXR) 1) Emergency s |
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Cuff pressure
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Know Pressures/ and Consequences will happen when Arterial, Venous, and Lymphatic Blood Flow ceases:
1. Intra- arterial Blood Flow stops w/ pressures >30 mmHG (42cmHz0), causing tissue death due to tissue not allowing blood to pass through. Arterial Blockage -------> Ischemia 2. Venous Blood Flow stops w/ pressures greater than 18 mmHG (24 cmHz0) Venous Blockage -------> Congestion 3. Lymph Blood flow stops w/ pressures > 5 mmHG ( 7cmHzO), blocks lymphatic flow casing edema Lymphatic Blockage -----------> Edema (If pressures are less than 15 mmHg or less than 20 cmHzO, then venous and arterial flows are not obstructed. so KEEP PRESSURES LESS THAN 20 CMh20) |
