Pharm-Neuro

Front 1

anti-depressant that causes Dry mouth, urinary retention, blurred vision, constipation, memory impairment, sexual dysfunction, tachycardia

Back 1

TCA

Front 2

anti-depressant that causes Sedation & weight gain

Back 2

TCA

Front 3

anti-depressant that causes Orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction

Back 3

TCA

Front 4

a1-adrenergic blockade causes what?

Back 4

Orthostatic hypotension, sexual dysfunction

Front 5

H1 blockade causes what?

Back 5

sedation, wt gain

Front 6

muscarinic blockade causes what?

Back 6

tachycardia, dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, sex dysfxn, memory impairment

Front 7

what anti-depressant can cause tremor of extremities or ataxia

Back 7

TCA

Front 8

what anti-depressant can initiate of manic episodes in bipolar pts

Back 8

TCA

Front 9

what anti-depressant can lower seizure threshold & inc risk of tonic clonic seizures

Back 9

TCA

Front 10

S/E of TCA

Back 10

1. anti-muscarinic: dry mouth, tachycardia, sex dysfxn, urinary retention, constipation, memory impairment
2. anti-H1: sedation, wt gain
3. anti-a1 adrenergic: orthostatic hypotention, sex dysfxn
4. CNS:
-tremor of extremities or ataxia
-manic episodes in bipolar pt
-tonic clonic seizures (lower seizure threshold)

Front 11

what are the TCA's?

Back 11

Desipramine & Imipramine (selectively block NE reuptake)

-mirtazopine is related (non-selectively blocks both NE and 5-HT reuptake)

Front 12

MOA of mirtazapine?

Back 12

*a2-adrenoceptor Blocker==> release of NE & facilitates noradrenergic transmission

Front 13

what are the SSRI's?

Back 13

Citalopram
Fluox
Fluvox
Parox
Sertraline
Venlafaxine

Front 14

S/E of SSRI's

Back 14

-NV, sex dysfxn
-anxiety
-wt gain
-NO anticholingeric S/E or effects on heart's conduction system

Front 15

what drug can you give along with SSRI to relieve sex dysfxn?

Back 15

bupropion

Front 16

what drug has greater tendency to produce seizures than other other AD, especially in pp with eating D/O?

Back 16

bupropion

Front 17

what are the MAOI's?

Back 17

Phenelzine
Tranylcypromine

Front 18

MOA of venlafaxine?

Back 18

*At low doses (~75 mg) = SSRI
*At high doses (>300 mg) = non-selectively blocks reuptake of 5-HT & NE (like Imi)

Front 19

S/E of MAOI's?

Back 19

ingesting foods or drugs containing sympathomimetic amines (eg Tyramine) can induce HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS ("cheese rxn")

Front 20

if pt taking decongestant (i.e. Sudafed), what drug should they not take?

Back 20

MAOI

Front 21

MOA of Desipramine

Back 21

selectively blocks reuptake of NE

Front 22

MOA of Imipramine

Back 22

non-selectively blocks reptake of both 5-HT and NE

Front 23

names of Benzodiazepines?

Back 23

anything that ends in "pam" or "lam"

(Note: citalopram (SSRI) looks like it might be a BZ, but it's "pRam," not "pam")

Front 24

MOA of BZ?

Back 24

GABA hyperpolarization via Cl channels

Front 25

PE of BZ?

Back 25

Anti-anxiety:
-sedative hypnotic
-muscle relaxant

Front 26

DOC for anxiety in old ppl?
Why?

Back 26

Oxazepam
-b/c metabolized by conjugation to glucoronic acid (does not decrease with aging)--vs oxidative rxn

Front 27

what BZ has shortest duration of action

Back 27

triazolam

Front 28

Tx Panic Disorder

Back 28

alprazolam & clonazepam
(makes sense that you use BZ's ("--lam", "--pam") to Tx panic d/o

mneum: "AL Capone (sounds like ALprazolam & CLONazepam) has Panic d/o"

Front 29

which BZ are anxiolytic

Back 29

-Alprazolam
-Colanzepam
-Diazepam
-Oxazapam

Front 30

which BZ are hypnotic

Back 30

-Flurazepam
-Triazolam

Front 31

S/E of BZ

Back 31

1. when combined with alcohol, BZ can increase suicide potential (alcohol potentiates effects of all BZ's except the "Z's")

2. withdrawal rxn if taking longer than 8 months

Front 32

optimal Tx for anxiety?

Back 32

-start with BZ (b/c works fast) + SSRI, but then remove BZ after 1 month (b/c withdrawal rxn occurs if take for 8 months)

Front 33

DOC for OCD?
PE?
MOA?

Back 33

clomipramine
PE: increase 5-HT in brain (EXAM)

MOA: Clomipramine is a Cl- derivative of Imi, so blocks reuptake of both NE and 5-HT (like Imi), but is more potent at blocking 5-HT reuptake, which is more effective in Tx OCD

Front 34

Tx Social Anxiety D/O?

Back 34

SSRI's
(Citalopram
Fluox
Fluvox
Parox
Sertraline
Venlafaxine)

Front 35

what Tx anxiety has minimal withdrawal potential and slower onset than BZ?

Back 35

Buspirone

Front 36

what anti-anxiety drug hyperpolarizes via K-channels?

Back 36

Buspirone (EXAM)

Front 37

what anti-anxiety drug directly activates 5-HT1a receptor?

Back 37

buspirone

Front 38

Tx Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?

Back 38

Paroxetine & Sertraline (SSRIs)

(mneum: Tx PTSD with P & S)

Front 39

MOA of Zolpidem, Zaleplon, EsZopiclone?

Back 39

BZ agonists; BZ1-R > BZ2-R

Front 40

hypnotics (cause sleep)?

Back 40

get your Z's:
-Zolpidem
-Zaleplon
-EsZopiclone

Front 41

S/E of
Zolpidem
Zaleplon
EsZopiclone

Back 41

sleepwalking and amnesia

Front 42

how Tx BZ overdose
MOA?

Back 42

Flumazenil
MOA: acts at BZ-receptor to prevent binding of BZ

Front 43

Amphetamine

Back 43

MOA:
*indirect-acting sympathomimetic amine
*release NE & DA from intraneuronal stores & blocks their reuptake
==>prlonged action at synapse
*Schedule 2

PE:
*mood elevation
*incr wakefulness
*anorexiant

S/E:
*teeth break off (meth mouth)

Acute toxicity:
*CNS stimulation
*Paranoid psychosis
*Sympathomimetic amine, thus incr SNS==>
-Hypertensive crisis
-Tachycardia/Arrhythmias
-Hyperthermia, convulsions, coma

Chronic toxicity:
-Amphetamine psychosis (halluc, delusions of persecution & omnipotence)

Front 44

DOC of ADHD
MOA?

Back 44

D-amphetamine
Methylaphenidate (Ritalin)

MOA: release NE & DA from intraneuronal stores & blocks their reuptake (same MOA as amphetamines)

Front 45

Concerta?

Back 45

Concerta=
slow release Methylphenidate
==>suppresses appetite

Front 46

Phentermine

Back 46

MOA: same as Amphetamine
Tx: anorexiant (ST use)
S/E: lower abuse potential than Amphetamines

Front 47

Sibutramine

Back 47

MOA:
*blocks neuronal uptake of NE, 5-HT, & DA
*metabolized to active metabolites via CYP3A4
*Schedule 4 (so not that addictive)

Tx: anorexiant

S/E:
*NO CNS depression, abuse potential, drug dependence, or valvular pathology

*speed up metab to lose wt:
==>tachycardia, PVC's, HTN, HA, dry mouth, insomnia, constipation

mneum: "Si, your BUTt is too big...you should take an anorexiant"

Front 48

what drug do you not give with MAOi's?

Back 48

-Atomoxetine (Tx: ADHD)
-Sudafed

Front 49

Atomoxetine

Back 49

Tx: ADHD

mneum: The only way you can get the attention of a kid with ADHD is to drop an ATOM bomb on him.


MOA: selective NE uptake inhibitor

S/E: don't give with MAOi's

mneum: don't give ATOM bomb with MAOi because China (MAO) and Japan (atom bomb) are not on good terms.

Front 50

DOC for narcolepsy

Back 50

modafinil

(mneum: Morpheus is the god of sleep, so Modafinil is the god of no sleep)

Front 51

DOC for Neonatal Apnea Syndrome

Back 51

Theophylline

Front 52

TCA's

Back 52

-desiprimine
-imiprimine
-mirtazipine

Front 53

SSRI's

Back 53

citalopram
fluoxetine
fluvoxamine
paroxetine ("par" comes after the "pair" of flus)
sertraline (~"serotonin")
venlafaxine

Front 54

MAOi's

Back 54

tranylcyclomine
phenelzine

"Transsexuals take phen-phen to inhibit MAO"

Front 55

typical antipsychotics

Back 55

haloperidol
chlorpromazine

Front 56

atypical antipsychotics

Back 56

Clozapine
RisperIDONE
Olanzepine
Quietapine
Aripiprazole
ZiprasIDONE

(“CROQAZ” sounds like croquet—imagine Winona Ryder from Heathers taking atypical antipsychotics b/c she killed her classmates.)