Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
3 types of diuretics?
|
Thiazides (DCT)
Loop Diuretics (LoH) K+ Sparing (CT) |
|
|
Thiazides?
|
HCTZ,Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone
|
|
|
Mechanism of action for thiazides?
|
Inhibit NaCl reabsorption in DCT.
As a result K+ is lost and Ca++ is resorbed = hypokalemia, hypercalcemia |
|
|
Can cause a hypokalemic, hypochloric metabolic acidosis
|
Thiazide diuretics
|
|
|
#1 diuretic for chronic htn?
|
HCTZ
|
|
|
Drug of choice for edematous conditions (CHF, cirrhosis, renal failure)?
|
Loop Diuretics = furosimide
|
|
|
#1 diuretic for acute HTN?
|
furosimide
|
|
|
What ions or reabsorbed with loop diuretics? Blocked?
|
Blocks Na+, Cl-, Ca++, K+
Resorbs Mg++ |
|
|
Furosimide toxicity?
|
Ototoxicity
Hypokalemia Dehydration Allergy (sulfa) Nephritis (interstitial) Gout OH DANG |
|
|
Loop diuretics?
|
Furosimide
Ethacrynic Acid Bumetanide |
|
|
#1 Diuretic in elderly
|
Bumetanide (short duration of action = good night sleep)
Loop diuretic |
|
|
Diuretic contraindicated with ACEi's
|
Spironolactone
|
|
|
K+ sparing diuretic
|
spironolactone
triamterene amiloride |
|
|
#1 cause of kidney stones
|
triamterene = K sparing diuretic
|
|
|
What is acetazolamide?
|
Diuretic, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, prevents reabsorption of HCO- at PCT
CAUSES ACIDOSIS |
|
|
Emergency Tx of localized edema?
|
mannitol
|
|
|
Effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors on the urine?
|
Urine: Na inc, HCO inc, K inc, pH inc, Cl- dec
|
|
|
Beta blocker without cold extremities?
|
labetolol (has some alpha-1 antagonism as well = vasodilate)
see Insomnia |
|
|
Mechanism/effect of methyldopa?
|
forms methyl-NE which has high affinity, but low efficacy (partial agonist) for alpha receptors
|
|
|
#1 ER anti-HTN?
|
labetolol (non-selective, alpha-1 activity, no cold extremities)
|
|
|
List vasodilators?
|
Hydralazine, Minoxidil, Diazoxide, Nitroprusside, Nitroglycerine
|
|
|
Synthetic T4?
|
Levothyroxin
|
|
|
Tx for hyperthyroidism?
|
Propylthiouracil: inhibits thyroid peroxidase, takes 2 months
Methimazole (same as PTU) Anion inhibitors Iodide(dec synthesis of T3/4) Thyroidectomy I131 |
|
|
Inhibits thyroid peroxidase?
|
Propylthiouracil
|
|
|
Px <21 yrs old, Graves Disease, Tx?
|
Propylthiouracil (not teratogenic)
|
|
|
Px>21 yrs old, pregnant, graves diseae, tx?
|
propylthiouracil
|
|
|
Px >21 yrs old, graves disease?
|
I131...may cause hypothyroid
|
|
|
Standard Tx for mild to moderate Type 1 diabetes?
|
2x/day of short-medium acting insulin
|
|
|
Intensive tx of Type I diabetes?
|
Long acting to maintain basal levels
Short acting before meals OR PUMP |
|
|
Tx for Type II Diabetes?
|
Insulin releasing drugs:
SULFONYUREAS 1st gen: tolbutamide, tolazimide, chlorpropramide 2nd gen: glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride Repaglinide/Nateglinide Decrease carb absorption = acarbose Inc insulin sensitivity Metformin (only works if you have insulin) |
