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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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tx for RSV
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ribavirin
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tx for HSV
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acyclovir
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tx for CMV
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gancyclovir
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inhibits peptidyl trasnferase
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chloramphenicol
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inhibits aminoacyl tRNA binding
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tetracycline
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reduce vertical transmission of HIV
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AZT
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IV penicillin vs oral penicillin
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Penicillin G
Penicillin V |
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penicillin spectrum
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gram +
gram - cocci spirochetes |
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penicillinase resistant penicillins
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Methicillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin
*I MET a NAFfy OX* gram POSITIVES, esp with penicllinase |
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aminopenicllins
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ampicillin, amoxicillin
wider spectrum: better gram NEG coverage (*HELPS* - hemophilus, e coli, listeria, proteus, salmonella) pencillinase sensitive: use with clavulanic acid |
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anti-psuedomonal penicillins
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ticarcillin, carbenicillin, piperacilin
*Takes Care of Psuedomonas* |
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cephalosporins: spectrum
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better gram NEGATIVE coverage
*not* for MRSA or enterococcus |
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second generation cephalosporins
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Cefoxitin, cefaclor, cefuroxime
*HEN PEcKS" Haemophilus, Enterobacter, Neiserria spp, Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella, Serratia |
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third generation cephalosporins
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Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime
for serious gram - infections |
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anti-psuedomonal cephalosporin
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ceftazidime
cefepime |
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anti-gonorrheal cephalosporin
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ceftriaxone
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penicillin mechanism
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binds and inhibits transpeptidase (aka PBP)
transpeptidase forms cross-links in cell wall (peptidoglycan synthesis) |
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methicillin toxicity
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interstitial nephritis
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clavulanic acid
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penicillinase inhibitor
used with ampicillin and amoxicillin |
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tazobactam
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penicillinase A inhibitor
used with antipsuedomonal penicillins (ticaricillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin) |
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aztreonam
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monobactam
penicillinase resistant binds PBP3 gram NEGATIVE AEROBES only |
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imipenem
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a carbapenem
resistant to b-lactamases widest spectrum of all abx drug of choice for enterobacter SEIZURES- lowers threshold give with cilastatin (inhibits renal metabolism of drug) |
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meropenam
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similar to imipenem
decreased seizure risk doesn't need cilastatin |
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vancomycin
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binds d-ala d-ala portion of cell wall precursors
gram POS toxicities: nephro, oto, red man syndrome |
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chloramphenicol
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inh 50S peptidyltrasferase
*wide spectrum but avoided for s/e* meningitis rocky mt spotted fever in pregnant women and children (tetracyclines c/i) aplastic anemia gray baby syndrome |
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clindamycin
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50S
ANAEROBES above diaphragm pseudomembranous colitis |
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linezolid
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50S
VRE MRSA |
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erythromycin
azithromycin clarithromycin (A-C-E) |
macrolides, 50S
broad spectrum: community acquired pneumonia atypicals: legionella, chlamydia, mycoplasma well tolerated except GI pain (increased intestinal peristalsis), arrhythmia risk |
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tetracycline
doxycycline |
30S: inh attachment of AA-tRNA
mycoplasma, chlamydia zoonotics: rickettsia, etc acne GI, teeth, bones, photosensitivity C/I - pregnancy do not take with Ca++ |
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gentamicin
streptomycin |
30S, aminoglycosides
severe gram NEG OTO, NEPHRO toxic "a mean guy" |
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quinupristin
dalfopristin |
streptogramins, 50S
MRSA, VRE nasty s/e (arthralgias/myalgias 40%) |
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SMX/TMP
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SMX is PABA analog
URIs, GI, UTIs PCP prophylaxis SMX -> hemolysis in G6PD deficiency TMP -> folate deficiency |
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ciprofloxacin
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fluroquinolones, inh DNA gyrase
gram NEG tendonitis and rupture, myalgia C/I - pregnancy |
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metronidazole
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Giardia
Entamoeba Trichomonas Gardnerella vaginalis Anaerobes H pyori ANEROBES below diaphragm disulfiram-like rxn |
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polymixins
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bind and disrupt cell membranes
gram NEG serious s/e: neurotox, ATN |
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mycobacterial prophylaxis
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TB: INH
MAI: azithromycin |
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isoniazide
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inh mycolic acid synthesis
neuro, hepato toxic vit B6 deficiency |
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rifampin
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inh DNA dep RNA pol
stimulates P450 orange body fluids |
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amphotercin B
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tears holes in fungal membranes
fever, chills |
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nystatin
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disrupts fungal membranes
topical only swish/swallow for candida |
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fluconazole
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inh ergosterol synthesis
fluconazole can cross BBB gynecomastia |
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sporothrix tx
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potassium iodide
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amantadine
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blocks M2 protein (inh entry)
cerebellar s/e |
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zanamivir
osteltamivir |
inh neuraminidase (inh exit)
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foscarnet
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anti-herpesviridae
does not require activation by viral kinase seizure risk, nephrotoxic |
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zidovudine (AZT)
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reverse transcriptase inhibitor
body fat redistribution syndrome |
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enfuvirtide
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fusion inhibitor: binds viral gp41
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-avir's
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protease inhibitors
never use as monotherapy decreases P450 |
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tx leprosy
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rifampin
dapsone clofazimine |
