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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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divisions peripheral nervous system = ?
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efferent division - to effector organs
afferent division - sensory feedback to CNS |
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divisions of efferent division of PNS?
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autonomic system = involuntary effectors
somatic = voluntary effectors |
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division of autonomic system = ?
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enteric
parasympathetic sympathetic |
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what is a ganglia?
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relay station outside of the CNS for efferent neurons of the autonomic nervous system division of the PNS
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compare preganglionic fibres of the sympathetic & parasympathetic systems
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symp from thoracic & lumbar spinal cord with short pregang fibres ending in ganglia parallel to spinal cord
parasymp from cranium & sacrum with long pregang fibres ending in parasymp ganglia near/on effector organs |
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describe enteric NS
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fibres innervate GI, pancreas, gallbladder
independent of CNS but modulated by symp & parasymp NS |
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compare systemic discharge of sympathetic vs. parasympathetic
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symp = discharges as a complete system = functional unit
parasymp = discrete fibres activated separately to affect specific organs |
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afferent feedback centres for integration of the ANS = ?
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hypothalamus
medulla oblongata spinal cord |
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eye
symp vs parasymp |
symp = contract iris radial muscle --> dilation of pupil
parasymp = contract iris sphinchter muscle --> contraction of pupil paraymp = contract ciliary muscle = lens accomodation near vision |
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trachea/bronchioles
symp vs parasymp |
symp = dilates
parasymp = constrict & increase secretions |
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ureters/bladder
symp vs parasymp |
symp = relax detrusor, contract trigone & sphinchter
parasymp = contract detrusor, relax trigone & sphinchter |
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male genitalis
symp vs. parasymp |
symp = ejaculation
parasymp = erection Point & Shoot |
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salivary glands
symp vs parasymp |
symp = thick, viscid secretion
parasymp = watery secretion |
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heart
symp vs parasymp |
symp = ↑ rate ↑ contractility
parasymp = ↓ rate ↓ contractility |
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GI
symp vs parasymp |
symp = ↓ muscle motility & tone
parasymp = ↑ muscle motility & tone |
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organs receiving only sympathetic innervation
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adrenal medulla
kidney pilomotor muscles sweat glands blood vessels of skin, mucous membranes, splanchnic area |
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cholinergic means = ?
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acetylcholine is the transmitter
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what is the ganglionic transmitter in the autonomic system?
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acetylcholine
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where is acetylcholine the neurotransmitter?
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1) ganglionic transmitter in ANS
2) neuroeffector transmitter of parasympathetic & somatic 3) adrenal medulla |
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adrenergic means = ?
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norepinephrine or epinephrine (adrenaline) is the neurotransmitter
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what is the postganglionic neurotransmitter in the sympathetic system?
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norepinephrine
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what is the postganglionic neurotransmitter from the adrenal medulla?
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epinephrine
released into the blood |
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sweat glands
which NT? |
cholinergic control but by sympathetic NS
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adrenergic means ?
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norepinephrine or epinephrine are the NTs
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3 mechanisms for cellular effect from binding of NT
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1) receptor coupled to ion channel
2) receptor coupled to Gs --> adenyl cyclase 3) receptor coupled to Gq --> PLC |
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Gs pathway
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hormone or NT --> receptor
--> Gs protein --> unit break off --> adenylyl cyclase --> prot phosphorylation |
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Gq pathway
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hormone or NT --> receptor
--> Gq protein --> unit break off --> PLC --> DAG & IP3 IP3 --> intracellular Ca DAG --> prot phosphorylation |
