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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 4 signs of inflammation
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swelling pain warmth and redness |
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what is the body's defense the limits the spread of microorganisms and injury
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inflammation
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what are some chronic inflammatory diseases?
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lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis
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what is the name of the chemical mediator that acts as an alarm that notifies the surrounding area of injury?
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histamine
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where is histamine stored?
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MAST cells
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what is the name of the cell that detects the invading microorganisms or injury and responds by releasing histamine?
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MAST cells
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rapid release of histamine on a large scale through the entire body can cause what?
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anaphylaxis
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prostaglandins do what?
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attract white blood cells to the site of inflammation and causes pain
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is inflammation a disease?
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no it is a underlying disorder. when ever possible the cause of the inflammation should be identified and treated.
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what are the 2 goals of anti-inflammatory drugs?
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prevent the intensity of inflammation reduce fever if present |
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what does it mean when anti inflammatory drugs are called nonspecific?
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the drugs do the same thing no matter what the cause of the inflammation is
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what are the 2 classes of anti-inflammatory drugs?
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NSAIDS and corticosteriods
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NSAIDs inhibit what?
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COX1 and COX2
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are NSAIDs available OTC
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yes and they are inexpensive
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corticosteroids are also called what?
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Glucocorticoids
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what is a Glucocorticoids
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a corticosteroids
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what class of anti inflammatory medication are natural hormones released by the cortex of the adrenal gland
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corticosteriods
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what are the 2 ways corticosteroids work to relive inflammation
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suppress the action of chemical mediators such as histamine inhibit the immune system by suppressing phagocytes and lymphocytes |
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what drug class is the most effective at treating severe inflammatory disorders?
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corticosteroids
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suppression of normal functions of the adrenal gland, elevated blood glucose, mood changes, cataract, peptic ulcers, electrolytes, and mask infections are all adverse effects of which drug class
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corticosteroids
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which anti inflammatory drug class is supposed to be used for short term control
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corticosteroids
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when longer corticosteroid therapy is required how might the patient take there medicine
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alternate day therapy, every other day
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Cushing syndrome is a sign of what
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long term over treatment of a corticosteroid
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bruising and a characteristic pattern of fat deposits in the cheeks, shoulders, and abd are signs of what?
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Crushing syndromeme
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abrupt withdrawal in a corticosteroid can cause what?
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lack of adrenal function
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antipyretics are used to treat what?
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fever
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is a fever a life threating problem?
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for the most part no it is just considered a discomfort. but a prolonged fever of 102 is when you start to worry |
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what is usually the underlying cause of a fever
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infection
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what drug class is naproxen?
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NSAIDs
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when treating rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and gout which prototype drug can take 3 to 4 weeks for therapeutic effects to appear
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Naproxen
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naproxen can cause what type of side effects?
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adverse effects are generally not serious but include upset GI, dizziness, drowsiness, and prolong bleeding time,
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NSAIDs, may cause an increased risk of
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MI heart attack
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naproxen should not be given to patient with?
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heart attack or CABG coronary artery bypass graft surgery
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if naproxen is given with food will it decrease GI upset?
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yes
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prednisone is what drug class
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corticosteroid
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what prototype drug is used to treat inflammation only for 4 to 10 days
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prednisone
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when used to terminate bronchospasm in patients with asthma and patients with cancer such as Hodgkin's disease and Leukemia how should prednisone be taken
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alternate day therapy every other day
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long term adverse effects of taking prednisone include
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Cushing's syndrome, muscle weakness, bruising, bones that fracture easily, and elevated blood glucose
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acetaminophen is used to treat what
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fever
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how does acetaminophen work
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direct action at the level of the hypothalamus that causes dilation of the peripheral blood vessels
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what pregnancy class is acetaminophen
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pregnancy category B
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at high doses taken for a long duration of time what side effects could acetaminophen cause
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angioedema, difficulty breathing, itching and rash
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