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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cyclosporine mechanism of action?
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Binds to cyclophilins. Complex blocks the differentiation and activation of T cells by inhibiting calcineurin, thus preventing the production of IL-2 and its receptor.
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Cyclosporine uses?
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Supresses organ rejection after transplantation; selected autoimmune disorders.
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Cyclosporine side effects?
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Predisposes patients to viral infections and lymphoma; nephrotoxic (preventable with mannitol diuresis); gout.
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Tacrolimus (FK506) mechanism of action?
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Similar to cyclosporine; binds to FK-binding protein, inhibiting secretion of IL-2 and other cytokines.
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Tacrolimus (FK506) uses?
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Potent immunosuppressive used in organ transplant recipients.
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Tacrolimus (FK506) side effects?
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Significant nephrotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, hypertension, pleural effusion, hyperglycemia.
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Sirolimus (rapamycin) mechanism of action?
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Inhibits mTOR. Inhibits T-cell proliferation in response to IL-2.
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Sirolimus (rapamycin) uses?
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Immunosuppression after kidney transplantation in combination with cyclosporine and corticosteroids. Also used with drug-eluting stents.
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Sirolimus (rapamycin) side effects?
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Hyperlipidemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia.
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Daclizumab mechanism of action?
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Monoclonal antibody with high affinity for the IL-2 receptor on activated T cells.
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Daclizumab uses?
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Prevent acute rejection of renal transplants.
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Daclizumab side effects?
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0
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Azathioprine mechanism of action?
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Antimetabolite precursor of 6-mercaptopurine that interferes with the m etabolism and synthesis of nucleic acids. Toxic to proliferating lymphocytes.
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Azathioprine uses?
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Kidney transplantation, autoimmune disorders (glomerulonephritis and hemolytic anemia).
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Azathioprine side effects?
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Myelosuppression. Requires xanthine oxidase for metabolism; toxicity increased by allopurinol.
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Muromonab (OKT3) mechanism of action?
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Anti-CD3 antibody (epsilon) on T cell surface. Blocks cellular interaction with CD3 protein responsible for T-cell signal transduction.
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Muromonab (OKT3) uses?
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Immunosuppression after kidney transplantation.
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Muromonab (OKT3) side effects?
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Cytokine release syndrome, hypersensitivity reaction.
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Aldesleukin mechanism of action?
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Recombinant IL-2,
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Aldesleukin uses?
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Renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma.
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Aldesleukin side effects?
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0
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Filgrastim mechanism of action?
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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.
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Filgrastim uses?
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Recovery of bone marrow.
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Filgrastim side effects?
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Vomiting/nausea, bone and muscle pain, alopecia, diarrhea.
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Sargramostim mechanism of action?
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Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
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Sargramostim uses?
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Recovery of bone marrow.
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Sargramostim side effects?
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Dyspnea, myalgia, vomiting, tachycardia, hypotension.
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Oprelvekin mechanism of action?
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Recombinant IL-11.
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Oprelvekin uses?
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Thrombocytopenia.
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Oprelvekin side effects?
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0
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Thrombopoietin mechanism of action?
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Megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF).
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Thrombopoietin uses?
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Thrombocytopenia.
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Thrombopoietin side effects?
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0
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Mycophenolate mofetil mechanism of action?
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Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, which decreases de novo guanine synthesis and blocks lymphocyte production
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