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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rash
fever anaphylaxis pain at site of IM injection CNS effects (mainly seizures) with large doses Diarrhea |
penicillins
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drug allergy
pseudomembranous colitis bleeding disorders disulfiram-like reaction |
cephalosporins
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dose-dependent biliary sludging syndrome and cholethiasis
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Ceftriaxone
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N/V, diarrhea, reactions infusion site and skin rashes
seizures |
carbapenems
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replaced by 3rd generation cephalosporin with broader spectrum and less toxicity
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monobactams
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irritating to tissues
thrombophelbitis sometimes following IV potentially nephrotoxic at high doses or with aminoglycosides |
vancomycin
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red man syndrome
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vancomycin
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ototoxicity
vertigo and loss of balance nephrotoxicity neurotoxicity |
aminoglycosides
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hypersensitivity reactions with fever or skin rashes
GI: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting bones and teeth liver necrosis |
tetracyclines
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one of safest abx around but can have GI irritation: N/V, diarrhea
rare cholestatic hepatitis tinnitus |
erythromycin (a macrolide)
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can increase effects of oral anticoagulants, digoxin, theophylline, and cyclosporine by inhibiting CP450
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macrolides
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bone marrow toxicity
Gray baby syndrome |
chloramphenicol
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diarrhea, nausea, skin rashes
pseudomembranous colitis |
clindamycin
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well tolerated
N/V, diarrhea CNS: H/A, dizziness, insomnia less common: skin rash elevated LFTs rare: QT interval prolongation (torsades) tendonitis |
fluoroquinolones
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QT prolongation (torsades)
tendonitis |
fluoroquinolones
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GI: N/V, diarrhea
metallic taste CNS: vertigo, H/A disulfiram-like reaction decreases metabolism of warfarin |
metronidazole (flagyl)
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well tolerated:
rash, N/V avoid in those with G6PD deficiency (hemolysis) can decrease metabolism of: warfarin oral hypoglycemics phenytoin |
TMP-SMX
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depletion of vit B6
characterized by peripheral neuropathy, rash, anemia |
isoniazid
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bright red-orange color of urine, feces, saliva, sweat, tears
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rifampin
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induces CYP450 enzymes associated with the metabolism of:
warfarin oral contraceptives oral hypoglycemics phenytoin |
rifampin
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hepatotoxic
uric acid retention |
pyrazinamide
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dose-dependent, reversible, ocular toxicity manifested by decreased visual acuity with loss of central vision and color vision loss
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ethambutol
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