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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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parasympathetic
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craniosacral
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sympathetic
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thoracolumbar
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parasymp NT
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Ach (nicotinic)
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symp NT
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NE (adrenergic)
Ach (muscarinic) Dompamine (dopaminergic) |
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Ganglionic
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Ach (nicotinic)
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NE synthesis
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Tyrosine - dopa - dopamine-
norepinephrine |
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fate of NT
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enzymatic breakdown
re-uptake |
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effects of parasym
stimulation |
non-vascular smooth muscle
contract sphincter relax pupil constrict/increased exocrine gland secretion |
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causes of increased parasym activity
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choline receptor stimulation
decrease breakdown Ach |
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direct acting choline recep.
agonists |
choline esters
alkaloids |
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Choline esters
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Bethanechol (Urecholine)
Carbachol (Isopto-carbachol) |
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Bethanechol use of and adm
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tx urinary retention s/p anesthesia
SQ, oral |
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Carbacol use and adm
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tx glaucoma; opthalmic only
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alkaloids
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nicotine
pilocarpine |
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pilocarpine use and adm
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tx glaucoma; opthal soln
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indirect-acting
cholinomimetics |
cholinesterase inhibitors
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reversible cholinesterace
inhibitors |
pyridostigmine
physostigmine neostigmine edrophonium |
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irreversible cholinesterase
inhibitors |
organophosphates
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clinical use of indirect-
acting cholinomimetics |
myasthenia gravis
glaucoma (2nd/3rd line) |
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tx of organophosphate
poisoning |
atropine (relieve sx)
pralidoxime (regenerates cholinesterace) |
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effects of cholinoreceptor
blockers (anticholinergics) |
dec. contract non-vas smooth
muscle sphincter contraction dec exocrine gland secr pupil dilation increased HR |
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cholinoreceptor blockers
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propantheline bromide
(Pro-Banthine) Atropine, Glycopyrrolate (Robinul) Tropicamide (Mydriacyl), Homotripine dicyclomine (Bentyl) Belladonna (Donatol) Benztropine (Cogentin) Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent Scopolamine |
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Propantheline bromide
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GI (stop diarrhea)
urinary urgency |
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atropine
Glycopyrrolate (Robinul) |
pre-anesthesia med
(dec tracheal secretion) inc HR in those with heart block (bradycardia) |
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Tropicamide (Mydriacyl)
Homatripine |
dilation of eye
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dicyclomine (Bentyl)
Belladonna (Donatol) |
GI cramping (stops)
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Benztropine (Cogentin)
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parkinson's dz
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Ipratropium Bromide
(atrovent) |
asthma, COPD
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Scopolamine
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motion sickness
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Cholinoreceptor blocker
side effects |
dry mouth
urinary retention constipation blurry vision (pupil dilation tachycardia |
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sympathetic receptors
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alpha 1, 2
beta 1, 2, 3 dopaminergic |
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alpha 1 stimualation effects
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vasoconstriction
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alpha 1 receptors are found
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post-synaptic smooth muscle
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alpha 1 antagonism (blocking)
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vasodilation
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beta 1 receptors are found
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heart
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beta 1 stimulation effects
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increase HR (+ chronotropic)
incr. contractility (+ inotrophy) |
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beta 1 antagonism (blocking)
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dec HR and contractility
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Beta 2 receptor location
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vascular and non-vascular
smooth muscle broncho/tracheal tree |
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beta 2 stimulation
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relaxation of smooth muscle
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beta 2 antagonism
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constriction of smooth muscle
(dyspnea) |
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alpha 2 receptor location
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pre-synaptic terminal
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alpha 2 receptor stimulation
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dec NT release and activity
at other adrenergic neurons |
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alpha 1 agonists
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phenylephrine (neo-syneph)
naphazoline (privine) |
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alpha 1 antagonists
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prazosin (minipress)
terazosin (hytrin) doxazosin (cardura) |
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alpha 1 antagonism SE
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hypotension
syncope |
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dz treated by alpha 1
antagonists |
htn
begnin BPH |
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alpha 2 agonists
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clonidine (Catapres) po, top
htn, hotflashes, opiate withdrawl methyldopa (aldomet) po, IV pregnancy induced htn |
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alpha 2 agonist SE
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sedation
depression sexual dysfxn |
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beta 1 specific agonist
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dobutamine (dobutrex) IV only
incr. rate, contract, outp |
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beta 2 specific agonist
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albuterol (proventil)
terbutaline (Brethine) preterm labor ritodrine (Yutopar)IV uterine relaxation |
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non specific beta agonists
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Isoproterenol (Isuprel)
Metaproterenol (alupent) |
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non-specific beta agonists
SE |
tachycardia
anxiety tremors |
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specific beta 1 antagonists
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atenolol (tenormin)
metoprolol (Lopressor) Esmolol (Brevibloc) dec. HR, BP |
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nonspecific beta antangonists
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propranolol (inderal)
nadolol (Corgard) Timolol (Timoptic) glaucoma |
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SE of beta antagonists
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1st pass effect
diabetes (hypoglycemia) lipids (increase cholesterol) asthma (bronchospasm) |
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adrenergic agonists
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NE (alpha and beta)
dompamine (Intropin) low dose-dopam recept high dose-const adrenal/mes |
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mixed antangoists
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labatelol (trandate)
dec HR, BP carvedilol (Coreg) more beta |
