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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sodium bicarbonate
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antacid - fast acting
GERD, peptic ulcers, dyspepsia -metabolic alkalosis -excessive NaCl absorption -gas/bloating -reduced drug bioavailability -enteric infection |
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calcium carbonate
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antacid - moderate acting
GERD, peptic ulcers, dyspepsia -acid rebound -gas/bloating -hypercalcemia (lg. doses) -hypophosphatemia (rare) -reduced drug bioavailability -enteric infections |
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magnesium hydroxide
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antacid - slow acting
GERD, peptic ulcers, dyspepsia -osmotic diarrhea -hypermagnesemia (lg. doses, extended periods) -reduced drug bioavailability -enteric infections |
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Aluminum hydroxide
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antacid - slow acting
GERD, peptic ulcers, dyspepsia -constipation -aluminum toxicity (impaired renal function) -hypophosphatemia -bone resorption -hypercalcemia -reduced drug bioavailability -enteric infection |
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cimetidine
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H2 antagonist - po, IV, IM
dyspepsia, gastritis, GERD, peptic ulcers -headache -diarrhea -fatigue -constipation -infection -drug kinetics -bradycardia (IV) -hypotension (IV) -CNS effects (confusion, hallucinations, agitation) -endocrine effects (inhib androgen r, inhib estradiol metab, increase prolactin) -inhibition hepatic CYP metabolism |
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ranitidine
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H2 antagoinist - po, IV, IM
dyspepsia, gastritis, GERD, peptic ulcer -headache -diarrhea - fatigue -constipation - infection -drug kinetics -bradycardia (IV) -hypotension (IV) |
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nizatidine
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H2 antagonist - po, IV, IM
dyspepsia, gastritis, GERD, peptic ulcers -headache -diarrhea -fatigue -constipation -infection -drug kinetics -bradycardia (IV) -hypotension (IV) |
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famotidine
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H2 antagonist - po, IV, IM
dyspepsia, gastritis, GERD, peptic ulcer -headache -diarrhea -fatigue -constipation -infection -drug kinetics -bradycardia (IV) -hypotension (IV) |
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omeprazole
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PPI - po
GERD, peptic ulcers, dyspepsia, gastritis, hypersecretory diseases -safe -decreased drug bioavailability -diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain -decreased nutrient absorption (B12, Fe, Ca, Zn) -enteric & respiratory infection |
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lansoprazole
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PPI - po
GERD, peptic ulcer, gastritis, dyspepsia, hypersecretory diseases -safe -decreased drug bioavailability -diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain -decreased nutrient absorption (B12, Fe, Ca, Zn) -enteric & respiratory infection |
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rabeprazole
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PPI - po
GERD, peptic ulcer, gastritis, dyspepsia, hypersecretory diseases -safe -decreased drug bioavailability -diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain -decreased nutrient absorption (B12, Fe, Ca, Zn) -enteric & respiratory infection |
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esomeprazole
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PPI - po
GERD, peptic ulcer, dyspepsia, gastritis, hypersecretory disease -safe -decreased drug bioavailability -diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain -decreased nutrient absorption (B12, Fe, Ca, Zn) -enteric & respiratory infection |
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pantoprazole
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PPI - po
GERD, peptic ulcer, gastritis, dyspepsia, hypersecretory disease -safe -decreased drug bioavailability -diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain -decreased nutrient absorption (B12, Fe, Ca, Zn) -enteric & respiratory infections |
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sucralfate
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barrier +mucus and HCO3
prevent stress-related bleeding in critically ill -constipation -impaired drug absorption -caution w/ renal insufficient patients |
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misoprostol
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+mucus and HCO3, - H/K/ATPase
NSAID-associated ulcers -cramping -diarrhea -abortificient |
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bismuth subsalicylate
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barrier +mucus and HCO3
dyspepsia, antibacterial -blackening of stool and tongue -salicylate toxicity (high doses) |
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metoclopramide
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D2 antagonist
GERD, impaired gastric emptying, dyspepsia, antiemetic -CNS (restlessness, drowsiness, insomnia, anxiety) -altered motor function (Parkinsonian symptoms) |
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bethanechol
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M3 agonist
GERD, gastroparesis -cholinergic side effects |
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neostigmine
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AchE inhibitor
non-obstructive: urinary retention, abdominal distention -cholinergic side effects |
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erythromycin
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motilin receptor agonist
gastroparesis -erythromycin mediated side effects |
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nethylcellulose
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bulk-forming: fiber, adds bulk and retains H2O
constipation, minimize straining, prior to surgical and endoscopic procedures -gas/bloating |
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glycerin
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surfactant: coats and penetrates fecal material
constipation, minimize straining, prior to surgical and endoscopic procedures -nutrient malabsorption |
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lactulose
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osmotic: change ospotic pressure
constipation, minimizing straining, prior to surgical and endoscopic procedures -gas -electrolyte flux |
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senna
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stimulant: stimulate ENS
constipation, minimize straining, prior to surgical and endoscopic procedures -GI irritation/damage |
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tegaserod
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serotonin agonist: 5-HT agonist
chronic idopathic constipation -GI -CV -not available for general use |
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lubiprostone
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chloride channel activator: prostaglandin derivative
chronic constipation -nausea/vomiting -diarrhea |
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loperamide
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opioid agonist
diarrhea (IBS) -constipation |
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diphenoxylate
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opiod agonist
diarrhea -CNS effects -atropine effects |
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bismuth subsalicylate
(anti-diarrheal) |
inhibit PG synthesis, absorb toxins
non-specific diarrhea, traveler's diarrhea -salicylate toxicity |
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kaolin & pectin
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add bulk, absorb toxins
diarrhea -constipation |
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cholestyramine
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bind bile acids and salts
impaired bile-salt absorption medated diarrhea -bloating, flatus, constipation -fecal impaction -impaired fat absorption |
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octreotide
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somatostatin receptor agonist
secretory diarrhea -impaired pancreatic secretion -decreased GI motility (nausea, pain) -decreased gall bladder contraction -glucose homeostasis |
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ondansetron
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5-HT antagonist
chemotherapy, postop, postradiation -headache -dizziness -constipation -prolonged QT interval |
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scopolamine
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M1 antagonist
motion sickness -antimuscarinic effects |
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metoclopramide
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D2 antagonist
chemo & radiation therapy induced nausea and vomiting -extrapyramidal (parkinsonian sx) |
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dimenhydrinate
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H1 antagonist
motion sickness -drowsiness |
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aprepitant
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NK1 antagonist
chemotherapy -fatigue -dizziness -diarrhea -CYP3A4 interactions |
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prochlorperazine
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M1, D2, H1 antagonist
severe nausea and vomiting -extrapyramidal -drowsiness -anticholinergic |
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lorazepam
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GABA agonist
anxiety/chemotherapy -drowsiness |
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nabilone
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cannabinoid agonist
chemotherapy -dysphoria -sedation -increased appetitie |
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dexamethasone
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glucocorticoid agonist
chemotherapy, postop -weight gain - water retention -other corticosteroid effects |
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alosetron
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5-HT2 antagonist
IBS-diarrhea predominant (women) -constipation -ischemic colitis (fatal) |
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sulfasalazine
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aminosalicylate
ulcerative colitis -nausea -GI upset -headache -arthralgia -myalgia -bone marrow suppression -malaise |
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mesalamine
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aminoalicylate
ulcerative colitis -very safe |
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prednisone
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glucocorticoid
moderate to severe active IBD -glucocorticoid adverse effects |
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azathioprine
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inhibition of purine synth, decreased DNA synth and repair, decreased cell prolif
maintenance of remission of IBD -nausea -vomiting -bone marrow suppression |
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methotrexate
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inhibits DHFR - impaired cell proliferation
maintenance of remission of Crohn's -low dose SE uncommon -bone marrow depression |
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infliximab
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binds and sequesters TNF-alpha
moderate to severe IBD -infection |
