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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aluminum Hydroxide
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Antacid
Uses: GERD/Ulcers Adverse: constipation and decrease F of TC, digoxin, anti-muscarinics |
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Magnesium hydroxide
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Antacid
Uses: GERD/Ulcers Adverse: diarrhea and decrease absorption of TC, digoxin |
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Calcium carbonate
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Antacid
Uses: GERD/Ulcers Adverse: Nephrolithiasis, dense fecal matter |
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Cimetidine
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H2R blockers
**decreases P450 Uses: gastric/duodenal ulcers, prevent aspiration pneumonia (NOT for NSAID-induced ulcers or GERD) Adverse: headache, dizziness, confusion, gynecomastia, galactorrhea, decrease sperm |
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Famotidine
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H2R blockers
Uses: gastric/duodenal ulcers, prevent aspiration pneumonia (NOT for NSAID-induced ulcers or GERD) Adverse: headache, dizziness, confusion, gynecomastia, galactorrhea, decrease sperm |
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Ranitidine
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H2R blockers
Uses: gastric/duodenal ulcers, prevent aspiration pneumonia (NOT for NSAID-induced ulcers or GERD) Adverse: headache, dizziness, confusion, gynecomastia, galactorrhea, decrease sperm |
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Nizatidine
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H2R blockers
**NO first pass -> F=100% Uses: gastric/duodenal ulcers, prevent aspiration pneumonia (NOT for NSAID-induced ulcers or GERD) Adverse: headache, dizziness, confusion, gynecomastia, galactorrhea, decrease sperm |
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Omeprazole
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H/K ATPase proton pump inhibitors
Uses: erosive esophagitis, active duodenal ulcers, Z-ellison syndrome, GERD, NSAID ulc Adverse: increase % of carcinoid tumors, decrease metabolism of warfarin, phenyoin, diazepam, cyclosporine; diarrhea, pancreatitis |
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Esomeprazole
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H/K ATPase proton pump inhibitors
Uses: erosive esophagitis, active duodenal ulcers, Z-ellison syndrome, GERD, NSAID ulc Adverse: increase % of carcinoid tumors, decrease metabolism of warfarin, phenyoin, diazepam, cyclosporine; diarrhea, pancreatitis |
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Sucralfate
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Musosal protective agents
**AlH202+sulfated sucrose Uses: long term maintenance Adverse: needs decreased pH to activate -> not good w/ H2 antagonists or antacids |
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Bismuth subsalicylate
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Musosal protective agents
Antidiarrheal - "peptobismol' **inhibit pepsin, increase mucus Uses: coats intestine -> decreases irritation |
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Misoprostol
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Musosal protective agents
**PGE2, decrease HCl secretion Uses: less effective then H2Ant for acute peptic ulcer, prophylactic for NSAID-taking patients Adverse: PRODUCES UTERINE contractions -> not for pregnancy |
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Pirenzepine
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Antimuscarinics
**NOT goto CNS, acts on M1 receptors Uses: peptic ulcer in refractory cases Adverse: dryness of mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, arrhythmias, constipation |
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Dicyclomine
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Antimuscarinics
Uses: irritable bowel syndrome Adverse: dryness of mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, arrhythmias, constipation |
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Clarithromycin
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Antimicrobials for H.pylori
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Amoxicillin
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Antimicrobials for H.pylori
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Metronidazole
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Antimicrobials for H.pylori
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Tetracycline
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Antimicrobials for H.pylori
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Metoclopramide
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Prokinetic drugs
**D2R antagonist, 5HT3R antagonist, 5HT4R AGONIST Uses: anti-emetic, diabetic gastroparesis, GERD Adverse: increase prolactin, bad for parkinsons |
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Cisapride
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Prokinetic drugs
Uses: GERD, diabetic gastroparesis, bowel constipation Adverse: long QT syndrome -> arrhythmia w/ erythromycin |
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Senna
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Laxative
**increase water to bowel Uses: evaculation of bowels in 8-10hrs, opioid induced constipation (+docusate) |
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Bicasodyl
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Laxative
**stimulates nerve fibers -> increase GI Adverse: cramps, atonic colon Contraindication: antacids dissolve coating faster |
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Castrol oil
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Laxative
**recinoleic acid that increases peristalsis Adverse: stimulate uterine contraction -> NOT FOR pregnancy |
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Methylcellulose
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Psyllium
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Bran
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Magnesium Citrate
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Magnesium Sulfate
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Magnesium Phosphate
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Magnesium Hydroxide
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Lactulose
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Polyethylene glycol
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Docusate
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Mineral oil
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Glycerine
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Bulk Laxatives
**forms gels in LI -> water retention/distention -> increased peristalsis Uses: intestinal obstruction prevention |
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Scopolamine
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Antiemetic - Antimuscarinic
Uses: Motion sickness |
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Dimenhydramine
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Antiemetic - H1-R antagonist
Uses: Motion sickness |
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Dimenhydrinate
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Antiemetic - H1-R antagonist
Uses: Motion sickness |
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Meclizine
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Antiemetic - H1-R antagonist
Uses: Motion sickness |
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Cyclizine
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Antiemetic - H1-R antagonist
Uses: Motion sickness |
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Ondansetron
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Antiemetic - 5-HT3-R blocker
Uses: antiemetic for chemotherapy |
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Granisetron
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Antiemetic - 5-HT3-R blocker
Uses: antiemetic for chemotherapy |
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Prochlorperazine
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Antiemetic - D2 antagonists
Uses: emetogenic chemotherapy w/ fluorouracil, doxorubicin Adverse: hypotension, restlessness, extrapyramidal Sx |
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Droperidol
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Antiemetic - D2 antagonist
Uses: for refractory cases Adverse: increase QT interval |
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Haloperidol
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Antiemetic - D2 antagonist
Uses: for refractory cases |
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Lorazepam
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Antiemetic - Benzodiazepines
Uses: anxiolytic, anticipatory vomiting |
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Alprazolam
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Antiemetic - Benzodiazepines
Uses: anxiolytic, anticipatory vomiting |
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Dexamethasone
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Antiemetic - Corticosteroids
Uses: mild/moderate chemo Adverse: insomnia, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus |
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Methylprednisolone
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Antiemetic - Corticosteroids
Uses: mild/moderate chemo Adverse: insomnia, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus |
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Dronabinol
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Antiemetic - Cannabinoids
Uses: mild/moderate emesis from chemo Adverse: dysphoria, hallucinations, sedation, vertigo, disorientation |
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Nabilone
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Antiemetic - Cannabinoids
Uses: mild/moderate emesis from chemo Adverse: dysphoria, hallucinations, sedation, vertigo, disorientation |
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Aprepitant
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Antiemetic - NK1 antagonist
Adverse: increase metabolism of other drugs, increase warfarin, constipation, fatigue |
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Apomorphine
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Emetics
**stimulate area postrema, irritate gastric mucosa Uses: accidental poisoning w/ emetic drugs |
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Ipecac syrup
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Emetics
**stimulate area postrema, irritate gastric mucosa Uses: accidental poisoning w/ emetic drugs |
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Diphenoxylate
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Antidiarrheal
Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Anti-diarrheals **activate opioid R in enteric Adverse: drowsiness, abdominal cramps, dizziness, TOXIC MEGACOLON in children w/ UC |
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Loperamide
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Antidiarrheal
Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Anti-diarrheals **activate opioid R in enteric Adverse: drowsiness, abdominal cramps, dizziness, TOXIC MEGACOLON in children w/ UC |
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Octreotide
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Antidiarrheal - somatostatin
Uses: carcinoid tumors, VIPomas |
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Infliximab
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Drug for IBD
**antibody to TNF Uses: rheumatoid arthritis also |
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Sulfasalazine
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Drug for IBD
**5-ASA Anti-inflammatory by inhibiting prostaglandins and leukotrienes |
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Methotrexate
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Drugs for IBD
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6-Mercaptopurine
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Drugs for IBD
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Prednisone
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Drugs for IBD
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Prednisolone
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Drugs for IBD
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Codeine
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Anti-diarrheals
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Hyoscyamine
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Antispasmodics
Uses: cramps/diarrhea |
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Dicyclomine
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Antispasmodics
Uses: cramps/diarrhea |
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Alosetron
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome - 5-HT Antagonist
**decreases diarrhea Adverse: ischemic colitis, diarrhea |
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alpha-amylase
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starch digestion secreted in active form
Uses: pancreatic insufficiency, chronic pancreatitis, malabsorption |
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Lipase
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fat digestion
Uses: pancreatic insufficiency, chronic pancreatitis, malabsorption |
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Trypsin
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proteases used for protein digestion
**Trypsinongen -> trypsin by enterkinase/enteropeptidase Uses: pancreatic insufficiency, chronic pancreatitis, malabsorption |
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Chymotrypsin
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protease used for protein digestion
Uses: pancreatic insufficiency, chronic pancreatitis, malabsorption |
