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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fat % TBW in infant
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12%
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Fat % TBW in adult
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18%
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Vd in neonates and infants: affects
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Dose and elimination
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Vd in neonates and infants: TBW content and ECV ____-
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Increased (40% vs 20%)
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By ______ ECV is similar to adults
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18-24 months
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Higher Vd of ______ drugs and relatively smaller Vd of ____ drugs in neonates and infants
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Water soluble; lipid soluble
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Peds have diminished hepatic and renal clearance d/t:
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Immature liver and kidney
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Diminished hepatic and renal clearance causes:
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Prolonged effects
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Diminished hepatic and renal clearance increases to adult levels by:
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5-6 months of age
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Diminished hepatic and renal clearance in peds may later:
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Exceed adults
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GFR of neonate ____ of adult; less than 34 weeks gestation would be even less
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40%
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Enzymes that oxidize, reduce, hydrolyze, and conjugate drugs are present but:
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Relatively inactive
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Enzymes oxidize these drugs:
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Thiopental, methohexital, narcotics, and muscle relaxants
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Enzymes conjugate these drugs:
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Morphine and barbs
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Neonates have decreased ability to metabolize:
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Barbs
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Conjugation develops rapidly and increases ______ during the 1st 3 weeks of life
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30-fold
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Short acting barbs have more:
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Rapid uptake
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Short acting barbs effect is more:
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Quickly achieved
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Short acting barb excretion and recovery is:
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More prompt in infants and children
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Short acting barb excretion and recovery is more prompt in infants and children b/c:
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Proportionately greater amt of vessel-rich tissue
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Children between 5-15 y/o require ______ doses for induction of anesthesia
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Higher
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Children between 5-15 y/o: elimination half times may be _______ adults
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Shorter
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Children between 5-15 y/o: elimination half times are rapid d/t:
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More rapid hepatic clearance
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Children between 5-15 y/o: recovery after larger or repeated doses may be more:
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Rapid
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There is a difference in maturity, density, sensitivity and distribution of :
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Postsynaptic ACH receptor
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Peds: difference in rapidity of:
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Neuromuscular transmission
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Peds have a difference in _____
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Muscle fiber type
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Functional difference of NMJ it d/t prolonged:
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Opening of ionic channel
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Prolonged opening of ionic channel allows immature muscles to be:
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More easily depolarized
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Receptors have a _______ for depolarizing agents
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Greater afinity
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