Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How is PUD treated?
|
3 combo regimen (2 antibiotics + PPI, H2 antagonist, antacid)
|
|
|
What usually causes PUD?
|
H. pylori infection
|
|
|
What portions of the GI tract are affected by PUD?
|
lower curvature of the stomach and the upper duodenum
|
|
|
What does ondansetron (Zofran) treat? What uses (3)?
|
acute emesis related to chemo, radiation, post-op
|
|
|
What is ondansetrons (Zofran) MOA?
|
serotonin receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Who in particular should not take Zofran?
|
pregnant or lactating women
|
|
|
What is the PPI suffix?
|
“-prazole”
|
|
|
What condition are PPIs the DOC for? What other conditions do PPIs treat?
|
GERD; also treats PUD
|
|
|
What is the general onset + duration of PPIs?
|
slower onset, longer duration
|
|
|
How are PPIs dosed?
|
maintenance dose
|
|
|
What are PPIs MOA?
|
they decrease acid secretion by inhibiting H⁺/ K⁺ ATPase
|
|
|
What is calcium carbonate used to treat?
|
diarrhea
|
|
|
What is the general onset + duration of calcium carbonate?
|
rapid acting, long duration
|
|
|
What are 3 SEs of calcium carbonate? What causes the 2 main SEs?
|
beltching, flatulence, constipation; belching and flatulence are related to CO₂ release in the stomach
|
|
|
What in particular should NOT be given with calcium carbonate?
|
aluminum
|
|
|
What is important in particular about misoprostol?
|
Category X
|
|
|
What is misopristol used to treat?
|
ulcers
|
|
|
What is sucralfate (Carafate) used to treat? How long can it be used?
|
used as a prophylactic, short-term treatment for ulcers (4-8 weeks)
|
|
|
What 2 conditions are contraindicated with sucralfate (Carafate)?
|
renal failure, dialysis
|
|
|
What are 2 common SEs of sucralfate (Carafate)?
|
belching, flatulence
|
|
|
What should sucralfate (Carafate) be administered?
|
dose 1hr AC/HS
|
|
|
What is aluminum used to treat?
|
constipation
|
|
|
What is an important consideration when giving aluminum?
|
high in Na⁺ therefore caution should be used when giving to HTN patients
|
|
|
Name 3 laxative categories.
|
immediate response laxatives, quick/semi-quick response laxatives, delayed response laxatives
|
|
|
Name 3 examples of immediate response laxatives.
|
enema, sodium or mineral oil, glycerin suppository
|
|
|
Name 2 examples of quick/semi-quick response laxatives.
|
osmotic laxatives, castor oil
|
|
|
Name 3 examples of delayed response laxatives.
|
bulk-forming laxatives, docusate sodium and calcium, lactulose + lubiprostone
|
|
|
What class are osmotic laxatives and what do they treat?
|
quick/semi-quick response laxatives; constipation
|
|
|
Name 3 examples of osmotic laxatives.
|
polyethylene glycol, magnesium, sodium phosphate
|
|
|
What class are bulk-forming laxatives and what do they treat?
|
delayed response laxatives; constipation
|
|
|
Name 3 examples of bulk-forming laxatives.
|
methycellulose, psyllium, polycarbophil
|
|
|
What class is docusate sodium and calcium? What does it treat?
|
delayed response laxatives; constipation
|
|
|
After administration how much time passes before results are observed when taking docusate sodium and calcium?
|
soft stools are produced between 24-72hrs
|
|
|
What is an important teaching element regarding docusate sodium and calcium?
|
take with a full glass of water
|
|
|
What is magnesium typically used to treat?
|
constipation
|
|
|
Name 1 common SE of magnesium?
|
diarrhea
|
|
|
What is the liquid form of magnesium called?
|
milk of magnesia
|
|
|
What is the most effective anti-diarrheal agent?
|
opioids
|
|
|
What 2 drug categories effectively treat diarrhea?
|
opioid agonist and opioid antagonist
|
|
|
Name 1 opioid agonist (related to diarrhea treatmenet).
|
diphenoxylate (Lomotil)
|
|
|
Name 1 opioid antagonist (related to diarrhea treatment).
|
loperamide (Imodium) OTC
|
|
|
Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) is contraindicated in what patients?
|
patients with prostatic hypertrophy
|
|
|
What drug class is cimetidine (Tagmet)? What does it treat?
|
H2 antagonist; PUD and GERD
|
|
|
How is cimetidine (Tagmet) dosed?
|
maintenance prophylaxis
|
|
|
What is an important teaching element when administering cimetidine (Tagmet)?
|
MUST be taken WITH food
|
|
|
What drug class are dexamethasone (Decadron) + methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) in? What do they treat?
|
glucocorticoid; anti-emetic related to chemo
|
|
|
What route should dexamethasone (Decadron) + methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) be given?
|
IV (do NOT give PO)
|
|
|
What class are dronabinol (Marinol) + nabilone (Cesamet) in? What do they treat (2)?
|
cannaboid (THC/marijuana); anti-emetic related to chemo and sickle cell anemia
|
|
|
What drug schedule are dronabinol (Marinol) + nabilone (Cesamet)?
|
Schedule III
|
|
|
What is promethazine (Phenergan) used to treat (3)?
|
anti-emetic related to chemo, post-op, general N/V
|
|
|
What is the onset of promethazine (Phenergan)?
|
20min
|
|
|
What is the MOA of promethazine (Phenergan)?
|
dopamine receptor antagonist
|
|
|
List 7 anti-emetics.
|
ondansetron (Zophran), dexamethasone (Decadron), methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol), dronabinol (Marinol), nabilone (Cesamet), promethazine (Phenergan), diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
|
|
|
What is sodium bicarbonate used to treat?
|
acidosis
|
|
|
What are 2 common SEs of sodium bicarbonate?
|
belching, flatulence
|
|
|
What condition is contraindicated when taking sodium bicarbonate?
|
HTN
|
|
|
What is the suffix of most H2 antagonists?
|
“-tidine”
|
|
|
What do H2 antagonists treat?
|
PUD and GERD
|
|
|
What is the general onset and duration of H2 antagonists?
|
fast acting, short duration
|
|
|
When can H2 antagonists be given? (acute, chronic, PRN)
|
PRN or acute conditions
|
|
|
What do antacids treat?
|
GERD
|
|
|
What is the general onset of antacids?
|
fast acting
|
|
|
What is an important consideration regarding antacids?
|
the contain Na⁺ therefore use caution when giving to HTN patients
|
|
|
What drug class is omeprazole? What is it used to treat primarily?
|
PPI; GERD
|
|
|
When should omeprazole be administered?
|
take 30min AC
|
|
|
What is the DOC for GERD? What other meds might be used to treat GERD?
|
PPIs; H2 antagonists and antacids
|
