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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name 3 dopamine receptors
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phenothiazines
butyrophenone benzamides |
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How do you treat N/V
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With anticholinergic agents:
Scopolamine-M1 recept.blocker Antihistamines: Benadryl Dramamine phenergan |
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name some causes of N/V
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Post-Op
Obstruction Chemo Gastroenteritis Pregnancy Meniere's |
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what is the vomiting center of the brain called?
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CTZ Zone and Area postrema in the lower medulla
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what is the MOA of phenothiazines?
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D2 Blockers in postrema
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name 2 phenothiazines
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Companzine
Thorazine |
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drug used for acute dystonias
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Benadryl
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Name a Benzamide that stimulates cholinergic receptors on gastrin smooth muscle
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Reglan
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Name a butyrophenone tha has a short half-life and one with a long half-life
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Short - Inapsine
Long - Haldol (18 Hrs) |
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Name 2 serotonin antagonists
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Aloxi-very expensive
Zofran |
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which N/V drugs are safe with pregnant women?
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Zofran, it's a serotonin Antogonist
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Define Cytochrome P-450
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heme containing enzymes responsible for phase I metabolism
They're located in the smooth ER of Liver, small intestine and brain |
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what hormone can be used to treat hyperkalemia
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insulin because it brings K back into the cells
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Tx for hypercalcemia
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Loops (lasix 80 mg IV Q1-4 hr)
Calcitonin 4 IU/kg Q12 Biphosphonates: pamidronate |
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give 3 causes of hypophosphatemia
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phosphate binders
diuretics refeeding syndrome |
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Tx for hypophosphatemia
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0.5 mmols of phosphorus/kg over 4 hours
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what do Inducers do?
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speed up the metabolism of drugs
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name some Inducers of the CYP 3A4
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B-barbituates
C-carbamazipine G-Grisflavin R-rifampin P-phenytoin |
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Name some Inhibitors
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K-ketocanazole
C-carbamazipine I-isoniazid E-ethanol F-phenitoin(dilantin) |
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what is unique about ethanol and the 2E1 cytochrome
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Ethanol:
acutely=Inducer chronincally=inhibitor |
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Name some protease inhibitors
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Ritonavir
Indinavir Saquinavir Nelfinavir |
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Which of the following can cause hypercalcemia?
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Thiazides
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How would you treat mild to moderate GERD?
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H2 antagonists:
Cimetidine (Tagament) Famotidine (Pepcid) Nizatidine (Axid) Ranitidine (Zantac) |
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Name some PPIs
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Lansorazole (previcid) Esmeprazole (Nexium) Omerazole (Prilosec) Pantoprazole (Protonix) Rapeprozole (Acid Hex)
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Which drug inhibits warfarin and phenytoin?
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Cimetidine (tagament)
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Name some drugs that can give you hyponatremia
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SSRIs, NSAIDs, Cisplatin, Carbamazipine, Vasopressin, Morphine
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T/F Furosimide a Loop Diuretic can cause Hypercalcemia?
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False, they cause hypocalcemia
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Digoxin Toxicity can be caused by which electrolyte abnormality
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Hypokalemia
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Best regimen for H pylori
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One PPI and two antibiotics such as:
Lanzopozole (PPI) Amoxicillin Clarithromycin if patient is penicillin allergic then give Metronidazole in place of Amoxicillin |
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what are the two most important electrolytes to monitor?
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Calcium and potassium
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How long do you treat gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers?
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Gastric - 4-6 weeks
Duodenal - 8-12 weeks |
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Name the causes of Hyperkalemia
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Renal faiulure, Rhabdomyolysis, TLS, Burns/Tissue trauma, Metabolic or lactic acidosis. Drug induced: K sparring diuretics, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, Bactrim, cyclosporine, digoxin toxicity, Heparin, pentamidine
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Name some side effects of cannabinoids
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Xerostomia
Vertigo Hypotension |
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what is phase 2 of drug metabolism?
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Synthesis and oxydation
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name some 1A2 inhibitors
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Cimetidine
Quinololes |
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name one 1A2 inducer
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Tobacco
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name a 2C9 inducer
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Rifampin
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name a 2E1 inducer
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ethanol(acutely), and isoniazid
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name some 2D6 inhibitors
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Cimetidin
Ritonavir Paroxetine(Paxil; SSRI) |
