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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the fastest acting insulin?
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Glulisine (Apidra)
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What are the three rapid acting insulins?
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Glulisine (Apidra), Lispro (Humalog), Novolog
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What is the name of a short acting insulin?
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Regular in insulin (shortest duration)
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What two insulins don't have a peak?
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Levemir and Lantus
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T/F You can't mix Lantus
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True
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What makes up an "intensive therapy" regimen?
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Short acting insulin with ever meal and a long acting insulin at night (Lantus)
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15g of Carbs equals how many units of inusulin?
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1
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You give ____ unit(s) of insulin for every 50 mg/dl above the targeted glucose
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1
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What is the Somogyi phenomenon?
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BG@3am=low and BG@wake=high means that your insulin dose before bedtime is too high. So you need to decrease your insulin at bedtime!
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Dawn phenomenon
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BG@3am=high and BG@wake=high means that your insulin dose at bedtime is too LOW. There is a natural high to circadian rhythm at night, in addition to increased glucagon, cortisol, and GH that will cause your BG to rise. So now you must increase your insulin dose at bedtime!
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m/c adverse rxn to insulin
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hypoglycemia!
other=insulin allergy, weight gain (insulin edema due to Na+ retention), lipoatrophy, liphypertrophy |
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factors that affect insulin demands
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obesity
severe illness diet burns labor fever/infection weight change exercise change (more exercise requires less insulin) |
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this insulin may not be mixed with other insulins
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lantus
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MOA sulfonylurea
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insulin secretagogue:
binds and blocks K+ on beta cells --> depolarization --> open Ca++ channels --> secrete insulin |
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these 3 drugs reduce postprandial glucose
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januvia (most effective!!), short acting secretagogues (prandin, starlix) and alpha glucosidase inhibitors (precose and glyset)
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first line for overweight/obese type 2DM pts
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metformin (a type of biguinide)
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don't use this drug in pts w/ ischemic heart disease (BB warning)
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glitazones (avandia and actos)
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best place for insulin injections
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abdomen and upper arms
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Do not use this T2DM drug ALONE
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glitazones (avandia and actos)
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i work on your brush borders to reduce intestinal absorption of carbs
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alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (precose and glyset)
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only drug you can use to lower glucose levels in type 1 and 2
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symlin (amylin analogue)
*do NOT MIX!!!!! |
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tx of DKA
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N: normal saline
E: give electrolytes (Mg and PO4) R: regular insulin P: potassium |
