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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Central Nervous system inclues |
Brain and spinal cord |
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Peripheral nervous system includes |
Cranial nerves and spinal nerves |
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Autonomic nervous system includes |
Visceral motor (involuntary) |
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Muscle Relaxants & antispasmodics. Prototype- dantrolene (Dantrium) |
Acts directly on the spastic muscles and inhibits muscle contraction by preventing the release of Ca in skeletal muscles |
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Use of muscle relaxant |
Relief of spasticity related to cerebral palsy, spinal cord injury and MS |
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Malignant hyperthermia |
A rapid rise in temp, tachycardia, hypertension and increased muscle contractions. Dantrolene is the only IV effective drug for this |
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Muscarinic agonists. Prototype- bethanechol (Urecholine) |
Stimulate the Muscatine receptors in the GU tract, causing contraction of the bladder |
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Muscarinic Antagonists. Prototype- oxybutynin (Ditropan) |
Inhibits muscarine receptors in the GU tract, which prevents contraction of the bladder and the urge to void. Used to control overactive bladder |
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Med for chronic neurologic disorders. Prototype- neostigmine (Prostigmin) |
Meds are given to manage symptoms and improve quality of life |
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Cholinesterase inhibitors |
Prevents enzyme cholinesterase from inactivating acetylcholine, therefore increasing the amount of ACH available at receptor sites |
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Cholinergic Crisis |
Parasympathetic effects and respiratory depression- n/v, diarrhea, salivation, sweating, peripheral vasodilators, hypotension, bronchioconstriction, eventually respiratory arrest. |
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Atropine |
Antidote to treat neostigmine adverse effects |
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Anti-parkinson's medication. Prototype- levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet) |
Offers symptomatic relief. Promotes dopamine synthesis, activates dopamine receptors, prevents dopamine breakdown |
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Levodopa |
Crosses the blood-brain barrier and converted to dopamine |
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Carbidopa |
Used to augment Levodopa by decreasing the amount of Levodopa that is converted to dopamine in the intestines and periphery, so larger amounts of dopamine can reach the CNS |
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Parasympathetic |
Stimulates flow of saliva, slows HR, constricts bronchi, stimulates peristalsis, stimulates release of bile and contracts bladder |
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Sympathetic |
Dilated pupils, inhibits saliva, accelerates HR, dilates bronchi, inhibits peristalsis, secretes adrenaline and inhibits bladder contraction |
