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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Key assessment/monitoring:
Thiazide-like diuretics |
-laboratory values (CBC, electrolytes, chemistry panel)
-blood glucose and uric acid levels * hyperglycemia -possible need to increase K in diet or with supplements -pregnancy and lactation, lupus, use of digoxin |
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Key assessment/monitoring:
Loop diuretics |
-severe potassium loss
-hypovolemia -hypotension -hearing loss (these drugs are ototoxic) -glucose and uric-acid levels |
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Key assessment/monitoring:
Nonpotassium-sparing diuretics |
-orthostatic hypotension
-laboratory electrolyte values, esp. K level and daily weights -I&O assessment of edema and signs of fluid overload (more output than intake) -Client’s ability to safely ambulate -photosensitivity -possible need to increase K in diet or with supplements |
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Key assessment/monitoring:
Potassium-sparing diuretics |
-use of salt substitutes and potassium-rich foods (decrease)
-use in pregnant and lactating women -history of gout and kidney stones -uric-acid levels -gynecomastia and hirsutism for spironolactone |
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Key assessment/monitoring:
ACE Inhibitors and AR Blockers |
-baseline vital signs (CBC)
-hypotension -angioedema -neutropenia or agranulocytosis - HOLD neutrophils <1,000 -hypokalemia -dizziness, lightheadedness, headache -tickling, nonproductive cough in ACEI -pregnancy risk category D |
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Key assessment/monitoring:
Calcium channel blockers |
-obtain ECG, heart rate and BP PRIOR TO THERAPY
-ECG/EKG Before AND AFTER -during therapy monitor HR and BP regularly -health history specific for heart dysrhythmias and pregnancy -signs of CHF and reflex tachycardia -IV administration, special concern -dizziness, headache, flushing are minor side effects -AVOID drinking grapefruit juice |
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Key assessment/monitoring:
Adrenergic antagonists |
-baseline vital signs, BP response – ALWAYS check pulse and BP BEFORE administration
-hold medication for pulse below 60 and BP below 90/60 – APICAL PULSE one minute -ECG, heart rate and rhythm -watch for heart block and rebound hypertension -routine blood-glucose monitoring for diabetes -pregnancy risk categories B and C |
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Key assessment/monitoring:
Direct vasodilators |
-In emergency: monitor vital signs, ECG, and pulse oximetry CONTINUOUSLY
-Contraindicated for: -hypersensitivity, coronary artery disease -rheumatic mitral-valve disease, cerebrovascular disease -renal insufficiency, lupus |
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Side Effects:
Thiazide diuretics |
-hypokalemia*
-hyponatremia -hyperglycemia -hyperuricemia -skin rash |
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Side Effects:
Loop diuretics |
-dry mouth
-hypokalemia -hearing loss (ototoxic)* -fatigue -dehydration -hypotension |
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Side effects:
ACE inhibitors |
-fatigue -dizziness
-headache -mood changes -impaired taste -dry, nonproductive cough first-dose hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, renal failure |
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Side effects:
Calcium channel blockers |
-hypotension -palpitations
-tachycardia -rash -flushing -peripheral edema -dermatitis |
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Side effects:
Beta blockers |
-bronchoconstriction
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side effects:
Alpha1 adrenergic antagonists |
-orthostatic hypotension
-dizziness -nausea -bradycardia -dry mouth |
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side effects:
Direct vasodilators |
-reflex tachycardia
-sodium and fluid retention (increases SVR) |
