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71 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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Lispro (Humalog) Aspart (Novolog) Glulisine (Apidra) |
Onset = 10 mins Peak = 1 hour Must be given with food, can be taken up to the first bite |
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Humulin R Novolin R Exubera |
Onset = 30 mins. Peak = 1 hour Give 30-60 mins before meal time. All of these can be given IV Infusions |
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Humulin N Novolin N |
Onset = 1 hour Peak = 6 hours Usually given in combo with a short acting insulin. |
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Detemir (Levemir) |
Onset = 1 hour Peak = 6 hours Usually given in combo with a short acting insulin. |
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Glargine (Lantus) |
Onset = 1 hour Peak = No Peak Last about 24 hrs. Give this med 1x daily @ Bedtime. |
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Glipizide (Glucotrol) |
Check for Sulfa allergy prior to giving. Give 30 mins pior to breakfast & NO ALCOHOL use. |
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Repanglinide (Prandin) |
Increased dosing (QID) due to short action….Give 30 min prior to breakfast |
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Metformin (Glucophage) |
Not to be used with renal conditions or CHF. Can rapidly accumulate to toxic levels. Avoid Alcohol = increases risk for lactic acidosis. |
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Pioglitazone (Actos) |
Use with caution in heart failure due to fluid retention, must monitor baseline ALT & Q3-6 months to prevent hepatotoxicity. |
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(NOT In Objectives) Rosiglitazaone (Avandia) |
Use with caution in heart failure due to fluid retention, must monitor baseline ALT & Q3-6 months to prevent hepatotoxicity. |
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Acarbose (Precose) |
Long term therapy may lead to liver dysfunction. |
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Sitagliptin (Januvia) |
can decrease A1 c by 0.7%, 3rd line drug for DM |
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(NOT In Objectives) Glucagon |
Increases the blood sugar VERY quickly…..IV use. |
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Hydrocortisone |
Preferred drug to treat Adrenal Cortex issues (Addison's Disease) |
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Cortisone (Cortone) Dexamethasone (Decadron) Prednisone (Deltasone) |
Usually avoid A/E @ low doses, Chronic high dose therapy include adrenal suppression & production of Cushing's Syndrome (S/S: Osteoporosis, infection, glucose intolerance & peptic ulcers) Dose must be increased during times of stress (surgery, infection, trauma) |
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Fludrocortisone (Florinef) |
can be iused in combination w/ glucocorticoid, monitor for weight gain, elevation of BP, hypokalemia --> temporary withdrawal of drug; fluid and electrolyte imbalance resolves ina few days |
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Levothyroxine (Synthroid) |
S/S of disease should go away with use of this drug. Take this at the same time everyday in the AM (6 am) |
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Propylthiouracil (PTU) |
Take pulse daily & give with caution if pulse is <60…..watch for signs of Agranulocytosis |
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Methimazole (Tapazole) |
should be avoided by women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, achieves significant levels in breast milk= do not breast feed |
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Lugol's Solution |
overdose --> Iodine is corrosive, and hence overdose will injure the GI tract. Symptoms include abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Swelling of the glottis may cause asphyxiation. Treatment consists of gastric lavage (to remove iodine from the stomach) and giving sodium thiosulfate (to reduce iodine to iodide) |
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Beta Blockers (Propranolol) |
contraindications --> asthma, heart failure |
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Cimetidine (Tagamet) |
PO or IV use. Not to be given to elderly due to confusion, disorientation & hallucinations. |
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Ranitidine (Zantac) |
PO or IV use. Not to be given to elderly due to confusion, disorientation & hallucinations. |
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Famotidine (Pepcid) |
. |
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Esomeprazole (Nexium) |
Suppresses 100% of gastric acid secretion, Short half life, only used for short term therapy. |
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Lansoprazole (Prevacid) |
Suppresses 100% of gastric acid secretion, Short half life, only used for short term therapy. |
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Omeprazole (Prilosec) |
Suppresses 100% of gastric acid secretion, Short half life, only used for short term therapy. |
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Sucralfate (Carafate) |
Administer 30 min to 1 hr prior to meal! Protective barrier last up to 6 hrs, binds to proteins of ulcer, does NOT decrease gastric acid secretion |
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Misoprostol (Cytotec) |
category X, contraindicated in pregnancy |
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Aluminum Hydroxide (Amphojel) |
Use cautiously (no more than 2 weeks), Caution with a pt who has HTN, CHF or Renal insufficiency due to the Sodium content, causes premature dissolving if enteric coated meds, 1-2 hrs should separate meds that are effected by antacids ie. Antibiotics or Iron, Advise pts to have small frequent meals |
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Calcium Carbonate (Tums) |
Use cautiously (no more than 2 weeks), Caution with a pt who has HTN, CHF or Renal insufficiency due to the Sodium content, causes premature dissolving if enteric coated meds, 1-2 hrs should separate meds that are effected by antacids ie. Antibiotics or Iron, Advise pts to have small frequent meals |
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Magnesium Hydroxide (MOM) (Peptic Ulcer DIsease) |
Use cautiously (no more than 2 weeks), Caution with a pt who has HTN, CHF or Renal insufficiency due to the Sodium content, causes premature dissolving if enteric coated meds, 1-2 hrs should separate meds that are effected by antacids ie. Antibiotics or Iron, Advise pts to have small frequent meals....MOM in the AM for a BM in the PM |
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(NOT in objectives) Methylcellullose (Citracel) |
Must be taken with a full glass of water, magnesium salts are avoided w/ renal dysfunction. Laxative overuse may lead to electrolyte imbalance, when you need to go, GO!! Exercise after meals, increase fiber & fluids |
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Psyllium (Metamucil) |
Must be taken with a full glass of water, magnesium salts are avoided w/ renal dysfunction. Laxative overuse may lead to electrolyte imbalance, when you need to go, GO!! Exercise after meals, increase fiber & fluids |
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Docusate Sodium (Colace) |
Must be taken with a full glass of water, magnesium salts are avoided w/ renal dysfunction. Laxative overuse may lead to electrolyte imbalance, when you need to go, GO!! Exercise after meals, increase fiber & fluids |
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Magnesium Hydroxide (MOM) (Constipation) |
Must be taken with a full glass of water, magnesium salts are avoided w/ renal dysfunction. Laxative overuse may lead to electrolyte imbalance, when you need to go, GO!! Exercise after meals, increase fiber & fluids |
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Sodium Phosphate (Fleet Phospho-Soda) |
Must be taken with a full glass of water, magnesium salts are avoided w/ renal dysfunction. Laxative overuse may lead to electrolyte imbalance, when you need to go, GO!! Exercise after meals, increase fiber & fluids |
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Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) |
Must be taken with a full glass of water, magnesium salts are avoided w/ renal dysfunction. Laxative overuse may lead to electrolyte imbalance, when you need to go, GO!! Exercise after meals, increase fiber & fluids |
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Senna (Ex-Lax) |
Must be taken with a full glass of water, magnesium salts are avoided w/ renal dysfunction. Laxative overuse may lead to electrolyte imbalance, when you need to go, GO!! Exercise after meals, increase fiber & fluids |
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Glycerin Suppository |
. |
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Mineral Oil |
. |
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Ondansetron (Zofran) |
Most effective drug used for treatment of nausea caused by Chemo |
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Lorazepam (Ativan) |
. |
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Dronabinol (Marinol) |
. |
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Promethazine (Phenergan) |
. |
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Dexamethasone |
. |
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Aprepitant (Emend) |
. |
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Loperamide (Imodium) |
Atropine is also used as an antidiarrheal. Acts by dec peristalsis and muscular tone of the intestine |
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Diphenoxylate (Lomotil) |
Atropine is also used as an antidiarrheal. Acts by dec peristalsis and muscular tone of the intestine |
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Metoclopramide (Reglan) |
contraindicated in patients with GI obstruction, perforation, or hemorrhage |
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Methotrexate (Folex) |
Routes: PO, IM & IV Can cause degenration of the skin, benefits must outway the risks. |
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Vincristine (Oncovin) |
Bone marrow sparring = ideal combo chemo drug. Administered by IV only |
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Estrogens |
Admin Routes: PO, Transdermal, Intravaginal, parenteral |
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Progestins |
Given prior to gestation to assist in maintaining pregnancy. HRT is usually a combo regimen. Use lowest effective doses, EPT therapy (Estrogen/Progestin therapy) protects against colorectal cancer but increases CHD, stroke, thromboembolic events, breast cancer and dementia...ET (Estrogen Therapy) is safer than EPT but increased risk for stroke and DVT's |
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Oral Contraceptives |
Favorable effects on menstual cycle: reduce cramps, lighter, shorter and more predictable flow |
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Transdermal patches |
Teach pt of proper placement: apply to lower abdomen, buttocks, upper outer arm or upper torso, NOT BREAST. Pt wears 3 weeks on and 1 week off. |
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Vaginal Contraceptive Rings |
Insert ring into vagina, change once a month. Wear 3 weeks in and 1 week off. |
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Implanon |
Device is implanted in the groove of the arm between the bicep and tricep. Benefits will last for 3 yrs. |
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Depot Medroxyprogesterone (DMPA) Depo-provera |
. |
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Intrauterine devices |
Paragard can be left in for 10 yrs and Mirena for 5. Most reliable form of birth control. |
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Spermicides |
Types: Gel, foam, jelly, suppositories, vaginal film, contraceptive sponge Moderately effective Placed no more than 1 hour prior to coitus (sexual intercourse) |
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Plan B |
Med is used after intercourse. Following assault, failed contraception, or failure to use contraception |
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Barrier Devices |
Condoms - Male & Female, Diaphragm, cervical cap |
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Mifepristone (RU 486) w/ Misoprostol |
This medicine in given in combo and can be given PO ir intravaginally. |
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Methotrexate w/ Misoprostol Prostaglandins |
Administred IM 4-8 days followed with intravaginal method. |
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(Testosterone) (Fluoxymesterone) (Androderm) |
Administrative Routes: IM, PO, Transdermal patches, pellets, buccal tablets. Will cause clitoral growth in women, increase skeletal muscle, causes erythropoietic effects (synthesis of), men have greater hematocrit than women. |
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Sildenafil (Viagra) |
Absorption is slowed by high fat meals, Medication will have Grapejuice effect. Consult a Dr. if hard for 4hrs or longer (priapism). |
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Vardenafil (Levitra) |
Drug interactions w/ nitrates, Alpha blockers and cytochrome P450 inhibitor, Consult a Dr. if hard for 4hrs or longer (priapism). |
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Tadalafil (Cialis) |
Effects last up to 36 hrs (longest of the three PDE5 inhibitors), approved for daily dosing if activity is anticipated 2x weekly. Only will go into effect if there is a stimulation. Consult a Dr. if hard for 4hrs or longer. (Priapism) DO NOT take with nitrates due to hypotension! |
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Finasteride (Proscar) |
Most effective in pts. w/ VERY large prostates (mechanical obstruction), Also sold at lower dosages as Propecia for male pattern baldness. |
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Tamsulosin (Flomax) |
This drug does not decrease PSA levels. Pt. can experience serious drop in BP, NOT used with Alpha Blockers AT ALL |
