Pharm Exam 3 Pt 1

Front 1

Insulin lispro

Back 1

rapid acting insulin , clear, cat B ,2-5h

Front 2

Insulin aspart

Back 2

rapid acting insulin , clear, cat B ,3-5h

Front 3

Insulin glulisine

Back 3

rapid acting insulin , clear, cat C ,1-2.5h

Front 4

NPH insulin

Back 4

intermediate acting, used for basal control , cloudy combiend with protmaine, worksfor 18-24 h, catB

Front 5

Protamine zinc insulin

Back 5

imertemdiate acting, also known as NPH

Front 6

Insulin Glargine

Back 6

long acting insulin, 18-24 h, no peak

Front 7

Insulin Detemir

Back 7

long acting insulin, over 24 hours, no peak

Front 8

Sulfonylureas

Back 8

stilumate insulin release from B cells, bind to SUR1, block ATP senstiive K channel in B cell membrane , AE- wt gain and hypoglycemia , reduces HbA1c

Front 9

Tolbutamide

Back 9

short uration, prolong hypoglycermia

Front 10

Chlorpropamide

Back 10

first gen sulf, hypoglycemia , hyeremic flush with alcohol, SIADH

Front 11

Glyburide

Back 11

1/3 pts have hypoglycemia , seocnd gen sulf

Front 12

Glipizide

Back 12

hypoglycemia less liekly, shortest half life , 2nd gen sulf

Front 13

Glimepiride

Back 13

daily use, 2nd gen sulfonurea

Front 14

Meglitinides

Back 14

same MOA as sufl but not as effective, rapid opsent and short duraiton of action, post prandial, before each meal, no sulfur

Front 15

Repaglinide

Back 15

meglitidne, hypoglycemia and wtv gain

Front 16

Nateglinide

Back 16

less hypoglycemia, wt gain, megilicintie

Front 17

Biguanides

Back 17

NO hypoglycemia, no isulin secreiotn, same effcicary as sulfonurea

Front 18

Metformin

Back 18

inhibits gluconeogesnsi by reducing gene expression and upregulates glucose utility in liver via AMPK, reduces TAGs, Type 2 DM , AE- B12 absorption and lactic acidosis

Front 19

Pioglitazone

Back 19

gene regulation long term, greater effects on lipids, icnreases HDL and decreases TAG , AE- CI in CHF pts, liver function tests, fluid retension, wt gain

Front 20

Rosiglitazone

Back 20

increases HDL

Front 21

Acarbose

Back 21

compeitive inh of intestinal alpha glucosidase , LFTs , AE- GI effects

Front 22

Exenatide

Back 22

GLP1 analog , enhances insulin secretion , reistant to dipeptigyl peptitase IV , leads to wt loss

Front 23

Sitagliptin

Back 23

oral, selective inhibitor DPPIV

Front 24

Pramlintide

Back 24

inhbitis food intage, gastric empthyic and glucagon secreitn , leads tp wt ;pss

Front 25

Colesevelam

Back 25

lower LDL cholestrol, type II DM

Front 26

Glucagon

Back 26

tx for severe hypoglycemai for diabetes rel insulin, antidote for B blcoekr, radiology of bowel in order to relax intestine

Front 27

NSAIDs

Back 27

step 1+2

Front 28

Acetaminophen

Back 28

step 1+2

Front 29

Codeine

Back 29

step 2

Front 30

Hydrocodone

Back 30

step 2

Front 31

Oxycodone

Back 31

step 2

Front 32

Tramadol

Back 32

step 2

Front 33

Morphine

Back 33

step 3, also fpr dyspnea

Front 34

Hydromorphone

Back 34

step 3

Front 35

Levorphanol

Back 35

step 3

Front 36

Fentanyl

Back 36

step 3

Front 37

Meperidine

Back 37

normephrine accumulates

Front 38

Butorphanol

Back 38

partal agonist don’t use with pure agonsit

Front 39

Nalbuphine

Back 39

partal agonist don’t use

Front 40

Amitriptyline

Back 40

neurapthic pain , burning tingling

Front 41

Imipramine

Back 41

neurapthic pain , burning tingling

Front 42

Gabapentin

Back 42

neurapthic pain , burning tingling and shooting stabbing

Front 43

Carbamazepine

Back 43

neurapthic pain , shooting stabbing

Front 44

Valproate

Back 44

neurapthic pain , shooting stabbing

Front 45

Corticoids

Back 45

advanced illness- nerve compresison ,visceral pain,m anoresia, depressed mood

Front 46

Calcitonin

Back 46

seocnd line for bone pain

Front 47

Aspirin

Back 47

low potentcy pain killer

Front 48

Dexamethasone

Back 48

for faitgue and weak ness

Front 49

Dronabinol

Back 49

wasting, antiemetic

Front 50

Benzodiazepines

Back 50

anxiety

Front 51

Barbiturates

Back 51

terminal agintaiton

Front 52

Stimulant Laxatives

Back 52

senna , casanthrol and senna

Front 53

Osmotic Laxatives

Back 53

lactulose and sorbitol

Front 54

Detergent Laxatives

Back 54

docusate

Front 55

Methylphenidate

Back 55

depression for withrawn vefgetative signs

Front 56

Attapulgite

Back 56

minor diarrhe

Front 57

Bismuth salts

Back 57

minor diarrhe

Front 58

Loperamide

Back 58

severe diarrhea

Front 59

Diphenoxylate

Back 59

severe diarrhea

Front 60

Tincture of opium

Back 60

severe diarrhea

Front 61

Octreotide

Back 61

seceretory severe diarrea

Front 62

Antihistamines

Back 62

insomina, diphenhydramine , antiemetic

Front 63

Neuroleptics

Back 63

chlormazine, insomnia

Front 64

Metoclopramide

Back 64

dopamine antatognist, nausea and vomting

Front 65

Scopolamine

Back 65

antiemetic

Front 66

Ondansetron

Back 66

antiemetic , sernototni anatagonis

Front 67

Granisetron

Back 67

antiemetic , sernototni anatagonis

Front 68

Metronidazole

Back 68

presurre ulcers

Front 69

Silver sulfadiazine

Back 69

presurre ulcers

Front 70

Aspirin

Back 70

uncouples oxidative posho, CO2 and heat production , respiraotry and met alkaplosis, hyerventialtion, tx with NaHCO3, hemodialyssi

Front 71

Acetaminophen

Back 71

fulmonant hepatic failure and encelapthya

Front 72

Ephedrine

Back 72

aphetamine , tachyarhtmia, sexisure, hyperthermia, rhabdomysis, dilated pulips, warm and sweaty skin, tx- symptomatic

Front 73

Phenylpropanolamine

Back 73

aphetamine , tachyarhtmia, sexisure, hyperthermia, rhabdomysis, dilated pulips, warm and sweaty skin, tx- symptomatic

Front 74

Cocaine

Back 74

aphetamine , tachyarhtmia, sexisure, hyperthermia, rhabdomysis, dilated pulips, warm and sweaty skin, tx- symptomatic

Front 75

Antimuscarinics

Back 75

no sweating, tachydaria, dialted pupils, anthihistamien- sezisre, TCA- cv toxicity, tx- physositgime(don’t give to TCA over dsoee pts)

Front 76

β-blockers

Back 76

bradycardia, hyptension, blocks Na channels, lipophilic, seziures and caridac conduction block ,tx- glucagon

Front 77

Calcium channel blockers

Back 77

decreaed CO and BP, tx- CA IV

Front 78

TCAs

Back 78

overdise tx with NE, NaHCO3 makes cardiotoxicity better, quinidine like effect, antagonist at muscarinic recetros, alpha blocers- vasoldiation

Front 79

MAO Inhibitors

Back 79

hyertesive rx, seronotin sydnrome, tx with phentolaimein or labetalol

Front 80

Opioids

Back 80

small pupul, compa, resp depresison, tx with naloxone or nalmefene

Front 81

Sulfonylureas

Back 81

hypoglycermia , tx- glucose bolus, IV octreotide , diazoxide

Front 82

Meglitinides

Back 82

hypoglycermia , tx- glucose bolus, IV octreotide , diazoxide

Front 83

Carbon monoxide

Back 83

hypoglycermia , confusion, tachycarida, tachypenai, syncope, convuslion, resp dfailrue, tx with hyperblaic oxygem

Front 84

Ethanol

Back 84

IV dextrose, thiamien for B1 def, electrolyte balance corection

Front 85

Methanol

Back 85

ahtifreeze and perfumes, eye dmage, makes formic acid , resp afailure , tx with ehtanol, fomepizole, hemodialysis

Front 86

Ethylene glycol

Back 86

industrial sovlent, toxic aldehydes and oxalates, severe acidosis and renal damage, tx- ehtanol or fomepizole

Front 87

Carbamates

Back 87

shorter duration insenscide, inhibit AchE

Front 88

Warfarin

Back 88

rodenticide, tx with fresh forzen plasma, vit K will begin resotre factors in 6 hrs

Front 89

Cyanide

Back 89

high affinity of Fe3. cytotxic hypoxia, resp arrest, casa and apricot , in plastics,

Front 90

Mercury

Back 90

batteries, vinyl pasltics, reacts with SH groups, cell memembraes messed up, HgCl- hemoragic gastro, triad- tremor, neru distroubance, gigostomatitis, acrodynia in children, milirarl rash

Front 91

Iron

Back 91

vom, GI bleding, lerthdary and gray cyanosois

Front 92

Lead

Back 92

abd cramp, CNS changes, peripheral neurpahty, plumbism, anemia,

Front 93

Arsenic

Back 93

rice water stool, skin changes, massive hemoyliss, contaminated wine, reacts wit hSH, uncouples oxidative phosphuroation, hemolysis

Front 94

Glucagon

Back 94

for B blocker txocitiy, incrases cAMP

Front 95

N-acetylcysteine

Back 95

antidote for acetominophen toxixcity, detoxifies NAPQ1 and increases glutahtion

Front 96

Phentolamine

Back 96

hyerperthermia in ampehtamine

Front 97

Nitroprusside

Back 97

hyerperthermia in ampehtamine

Front 98

Propranolol

Back 98

amphetamine tachyarhtmia

Front 99

Esmolol

Back 99

amphetamine tachyarhtmia

Front 100

Labetalol

Back 100

MAOI HTN

Front 101

Calcium

Back 101

CCB , give IV, restorses cardiac contractlity

Front 102

Physostigmine

Back 102

anticholinergic

Front 103

EDTA

Back 103

lead chelator

Front 104

Dimercaprol

Back 104

arsenic chelator , lead chelator

Front 105

Unithiol

Back 105

mercury chelaotor , arsenic chelator

Front 106

Succimer

Back 106

mercury chelaotor , lead chelator

Front 107

Penicillamine

Back 107

copper chelator

Front 108

Deferoxamine

Back 108

iron chelator

Front 109

O2

Back 109

CO posiing tx for 20 min

Front 110

Amyl nitrite

Back 110

CN posioning tx

Front 111

Sodium nitrite

Back 111

CN posioning tx

Front 112

Sodium thiosulfate

Back 112

CN posioning tx , sulfur donone that promotes converion of cyanie to thiocynate by rhodanese

Front 113

Hydroxocobalamin

Back 113

active ing of cyanokit, reacts with cyanine to give cynaocolbamain which gets excreted in urine, no methemoglobinemia

Front 114

Digoxin antibodies

Back 114

digoxin toxicity

Front 115

Glucose

Back 115

suflontea and meglitinine toxicity

Front 116

Thiamine

Back 116

alocholic poisoing to thiamin def

Front 117

Protamine

Back 117

heparin toxicity

Front 118

Dantrolene

Back 118

neuroleptic malig syndorme

Front 119

Fomepizole

Back 119

inhibitor of alohol dehydrongenase, tx of methanol pois

Front 120

Ethanol

Back 120

tx for methanol pois

Front 121

Methylene blue

Back 121

tx for methhemoglobineimia, returns iron to ferous form

Front 122

Bromocriptine

Back 122

neuroleptic malig syndorme

Front 123

Naloxone

Back 123

opoid antagonist

Front 124

Atropine

Back 124

AchE inhibitor poisiting , insenstcitive, largee dose

Front 125

Pralidoxime

Back 125

splits phosphate enzyme and acts as cholnersate regenerator

Front 126

Cyproheptadine

Back 126

MAOI, 5HT2 receptor antagonist

Front 127

Diazepam

Back 127

convulsions due to organophsphates

Front 128

Octreotide

Back 128

suflontea and meglitinine toxicity

Front 129

Diazoxide

Back 129

inhbiits insulin release, used for sulfonyrea and meglitidine toxicity

Front 130

Sodium bicarbonate

Back 130

aspirin poisoning

Front 131

Vitamin K

Back 131

warfarin posoing, but doenst work for 6 h

Front 132

Classical agents

Back 132

bloc D2 in mesolimbic pathway

Front 133

Chlorpromazine

Back 133

classical , low potency , AE- SEIZURES , RETINAL DEPOSITS

Front 134

Fluphenazine

Back 134

classical , high potency

Front 135

Haloperidol

Back 135

classical , high potency

Front 136

Thioridazine

Back 136

classical , low potency , NO ANTIMETIC EFFECT , PRLONG QT, RETINAL DEPOSTIS

Front 137

Thiothixene

Back 137

classical , high potency

Front 138

Atypical agents

Back 138

block 5HT2A and D2, EPR less likely, tardive dyskineia less likely, increases prolactin, more effective for negative symptoms, effective for refractory populations , MORE WT GAIN

Front 139

Clozapine

Back 139

atypical , for pts who have tardive dyskineisa , AE- SEIZURES , AGRANULOCYTOSIS

Front 140

Risperidone

Back 140

atypical

Front 141

Olanzapine

Back 141

atypical

Front 142

Quetiapine

Back 142

atypical

Front 143

Ziprasidone

Back 143

atypical , LEAST WT GAIN , PROLONG QT

Front 144

Aripiprazole

Back 144

atypical , NO ANTIEMETCI EFFECT

Front 145

Paliperidone

Back 145

atypical

Front 146

Benztropine

Back 146

tx for parkinsonism and dystonia due to classica antipyschotics , antimsucarinin

Front 147

Trihexyphenidyl

Back 147

tx for parkinsonism and dystonia due to classica antipyschotics , antimsucarinin

Front 148

Diphenhydramine

Back 148

tx for parkinsonism and dystonia due to classica antipyschotics , antimsucarinin

Front 149

Clonazepam

Back 149

tx akathsia in antiphyshotic durgs

Front 150

Propranolol

Back 150

tx akathsia in antiphyshotic durgs

Front 151

Dantrolene

Back 151

neuroleptic malig syndorme

Front 152

Bromocriptine

Back 152

neuroleptic malig syndorme

Front 153

Carbamazepine

Back 153

VG Na channel blocker , BIOPOLAR DISORDER AND NEUROPATHIC PAIN , AE- AGRANULOCYTOSIS

Front 154

Oxcarbazepine

Back 154

one of the DOC for complex, partial sexisures

Front 155

Phenytoin

Back 155

VG Na channel blocker , AE- HEPATOXOCITY, GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA AND HISRTUITIMS

Front 156

Fosphenytoin

Back 156

second line for status epiliptucs if loraxepham doenst work

Front 157

Phenobarbital

Back 157

VG Na channel blocker , blocks glutamate receptors , generalized tonic cloniv, complex, pariatal, myoclonic , AE- sedation, depression, agitaiotn, seocnd line

Front 158

Valproic acid

Back 158

VG Na channel blocker , blocks T type Ca chalnnels, prevents absecne seizures , BIPOLAR, MIGRAINE , TERATOGENIC , atonic seixutes , DOC for myoclonic sizure , abscne sezure

Front 159

Ethosuximide

Back 159

blocks T type Ca channels preventing absence seizures

Front 160

Clonazepam

Back 160

for absence seziures but tolerance develops and excess sedation

Front 161

Corticotropin

Back 161

infantile spasm

Front 162

Glucocorticoids

Back 162

infantile spasm

Front 163

Lorazepam

Back 163

first line for status epilpetic

Front 164

Diazepam

Back 164

rectal gel for break trouhg seizures, IV for febriole convulsions over 15 min

Front 165

Felbamate

Back 165

atonic seizure, but toxic

Front 166

Gabapentin

Back 166

increases GABA release presynamtically , reduce glutamate release by blocking presynaptic voltage gated Ca channels , NUEROPATHIC PAIN

Front 167

Pregabalin

Back 167

increases GABA release presynamtically

Front 168

Lamotrigine

Back 168

bipolar disorder , for atonic sizures

Front 169

Tiagabine

Back 169

inhibition of reuptake of GABA presynaically

Front 170

Topiramate

Back 170

VG Na channel blocker , direct action on postsnaptic GABA receptor , blocks glutamate receptors , MIGRAINE

Front 171

Zonisamide

Back 171

VG Na channel blocker

Front 172

Vigabatrin

Back 172

inhibition of degratdation of GABA presyndamtically, inhibits aminotransferase , VISUAL FIELD DEFECTS , seocnd line for infantile spasm

Front 173

Acetazolamide

Back 173

for absence seziures but tolerance develops