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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Premarin
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HRT estrogen
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Estrace
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HRT estrogen
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Ogen
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HRT Estrogen
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Estraderm
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HRT Estrogen Patch
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Climara
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HRT Estrogen Patch
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Vivelle
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HRT Estrogen Patch
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Provera
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HRT Progestin
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Cycrin, Curretab, Amen
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HRT Progestin
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Micronized progesterone
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HRT Progestin
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Norethindrone
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HRT Progestin
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Prempro
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HRT Estrogen + Progestin
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Premphase
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HRT Estrogen + Progestin
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Estratest
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HRT Estrogen + methyltestosterone
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Remifemin
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Dietary estrogen supplement
Active metabolite - 27- deoxyacteine |
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Caltrate600
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Dietary Estrogen Supplement
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Effects of SERM (2 good) (1 bad)
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Protects against osteoperosis
Decreases LDL Worsens hot flashes |
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SERM Names
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All "fenes"
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SERM
Where do they agonize? Where do they antagonize? |
Agonized: Brain, Bone, CV, Vagina, Urinary
Agonized: Breast, Uterus |
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What hormone largely controls spermatogenesis?
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FSH
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General Side Effects of Anabolic Steroids? (8)
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High blood cholesterol levels
Severe Acne Thinning hair Fluid Retention Hypertension Liver disorders Teratogenic Risk of HIV (From sharing needles) |
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Oxymetholone
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Oral Testosterone
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Oxandrolone
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Oral Testosterone
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Methadrostenole
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Oral Testosterone
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Stanozolol
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Oral Testosterone
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Nandrolone (both of them)
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Injectable Testosterone
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Testosterone Cypionate
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Injectable Testosterone
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Boldenone Undecylenate
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Injectable Testosterone
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Anti - Androgens
Uses (6) |
Malignant Prostatic Tumors
Excessive Sex drive Hirsutism Seborrhea (Acne) Autism Transgender |
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Gandorelin
Target Mode of Action |
Anti - Androgen
Targets Hypothalmus/Pituitary GnRH Analog > FSH/LH release (if given pulsatile If given continuous > Inhibits FSH/LH release |
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Ketoconzaole
Target Mode of Action |
Anti - Androgen
Testes Antifungal that inhibits the synthesis of testosterone |
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Spirolactone
Target (2) Mode of action (2) |
Anti - Androgen
1. Testes 2. Androgen Receptors 1. Inhibit synthesis of testosterone 2. Inhibits androgen receptors |
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Finasteride
Target Mode of Action |
Anti - Androgen
Testes inhibits 5alpha reductase, an enzyme that converts testosterone to Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) |
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Flutamide
Target Mode of Action SE |
Anti Androgen
Androgen Receptors Androgen receptor inhibitor Loss of libido, Impotence, Rash, Weight gain, photosensitivity |
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Cyproterone
Target Mode of action |
Anti Androgen
Androgen Receptors Androgen receptor inhibitor |
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Yohimbine
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ED Therapy
Antagonist to alpha 2 |
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Alprostadil
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ED Therapy
PGE1 Analog Treats ED as intracavernous injection, creams or pellets |
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Rioprostil
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ED Therapy
PGE1 Analog Treats ED as intracavernous injection, creams or pellets |
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Misoprostol (Cytotec)
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ED Therapy
PGE1 Analog Treats ED as intracavernous injection, creams or pellets |
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Apomorphine
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ED Therapy
D1 Agonist Acts on hypothalmus to induce arousal and orgasm |
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Sildenafil (Viagra)
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ED Therapy
Inhibits type 5 cGMP specific phosphodiesterase |
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Tadafil (Cialis)
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ED Therapy
Inhibits type 5 cGMP specific phosphodiesterase |
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Vardenafil (Levitra)
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ED Therapy
Inhibits type 5 cGMP specific phosphodiesterase |
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Drugs for Female Infertility
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Clomiphene
Letrozole Bromocriptine Gonadorelin Gonadotropins HmG (Pergonal, Metrodin) HcG |
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Clomiphene
Mode of Action |
Competes for Estrogen inhibition > FSH/LH release
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Clomiphene
What kind of patients use this? |
They have unexplained Secondary amenorrhea
or PCOs |
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Clomiphene
Side effects (3) |
Hot Flashes
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Reversible visual Disturbances |
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Letrozole
Mode of action |
Aromatase inhibitor/estrogen synthesis inhibitor > GnRH > FSH
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Letrozole
Other uses (2) |
Endometreosis
Gynecomastia |
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Letrozole
Side Effects (3) |
Hot Flashes
Headaches Breast Tenderness |
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Bromocriptine
Action |
Dopamine Agonist > inhibits prolactin secretion from pituitary gland
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Bromocriptine
What kind of patients? |
No Menstrual cycle
Hyperprolactemia > this inhibits GnRH release. |
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Bromocriptine
Side Effects (4) |
Nausea
Dizziness Headache Abdominal Cramps |
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Gonadorelin
Side Effects |
Ovarian Hyperstimulation
Multiple pregnancies less likely than gonadotropin treatment. |
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Gonadotropins
HmG - Pergonal |
FSH/LH activities
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Gonadotropins
HmG - Metrodin |
FSH mostly
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Gonadotropins
HcG |
LH only
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Endometriosis
Treatment |
1. OC
2. Leuprolide (GnRH agonist) 3. 17 alpha - ethinyl Testosterone (Danazol). Inihbits release of Gonadotropins |
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What is associated with PCOS? (4)
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1. Increase in androgens
2. Insulin resistance 3. Androgenetic Alopecia 4. Hirsutism |
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PCOs
Treatment (3) |
OCs (Yasmin)
Clomiphene Anti Androgens |
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Combination Pills
What is the schedule? |
20 days
D/C for 6-7 days for menstruation |
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Progestin Only Pills
What is schedule? |
Throughout the cycle
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Monophasic cycle dosing schedule
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21 days of one strength (color)
7 days of placebo (another color) If Mircette of the 7: 2 - Placebo 5 - low dose estrogenic comp. |
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Biphasic cycle dosing schedule
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21 day cycle
One Strength (color) - 7-10 days Another Strength (color) - 11-13 days If 28 day cycle Last 7 days another color |
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Triphasic Cycle Dosing Schedule
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Split between 3 colors for 21 day cycle
If 28 days, last 7 days will be placebo |
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Diethylstilbestrol
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Morning after pill
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Ethinyl Estradiol + Levonorgestrel
And only Levonorgestrel |
Morning after pill
Ovral or Preven depending on dosage Plan B |
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Mifepristone (RU486)
Mode of action |
Inhibits progesterone and glucocorticoid binding receptors
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Mifepristone (RU486)
Uses |
1. Mild contraceptive
2. Abortion - Administer this drug - Then give PG analog - Gemeprost - Sulprostone 3. Cushings Syndrome |
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Medroxyprogesterone (Depo provera)
Norethindrone (Noristerat) Action |
Progestin Only (IM injection)
Supresses FSH/LH Development of shallow atrophic endometrium Thickening of cervical mucus |
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Levonorgestrel Implants
Etonogestrel |
Progestin only Subdermal Implants
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Ethinyl Estradiol + Noregestromin
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Estrogen + Progestin Transdermal patch
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What effects does estrogen have for contraception?
Ovulation Oocyte transportation Implantation Luteolysis |
Ovulation inhibitied > inhibit FSH/LH
Accelerate oocyte transport Anti progestational Regress corpus luteum |
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What effects does Progesterone have for contraception?
Ovulation Oocyte transportation Implantation Thickening of cervical mucus |
Inhibit FSH/LH
Decelerate oocyte transportation Implantation inhibited Cervical mucus hampers sperm Inhibit sperm's biochemical changes |
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Life threatening SE of OC
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Cholestatic Jaundice
Thromboembolism Gall Bladder disease Liver Tumors Cancer (except in cervix) |
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Methotrexate + Misoprostol (Cytotec)
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Non Hormonal Contraception
Emergency Contraception 1. Methotrexate - folic acid antagonist 2. MIsoprostol - Prostaglandin Analog |
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Most prescribed Antibiotics
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Beta Lactam
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Beta lactam
Broad or narrow spectrum? |
Broad
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Principal adverse effect of Beta Lactam?
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Allergic Reactions
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What is the target of beta lactams?
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Penicillin binding proteins
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Beta Lactams
Mechanism |
Can cross Gram Positive
Inhibit transpeptidases and activiate autolysins |
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Two ways Beta Lactams can be resisted.
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Inability of the drug to target PBP
Beta Lactamase deactivates it |
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Monobactam
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Beta Lactamase resistant
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Carbapenem
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Beta Lactamase Resitant
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Clavulanic Acid
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Used with penicillins and is resistant to Beta lactamases
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What drug class should penicllins not be used with?
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Aminoglycosides
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Penicillin
Side effects |
Safest of all medications
Allergies > Minor rash > Anaphylaxis |
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Penicillin G
Treatment for? |
Gram Positive (Streptococci)
Gram Negative (Neissera) (Syphillis) Spirochetes (Treponema) (Meningitis) |
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B-Lactamase Resistant penicillin are used for which infections?
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Staphylocci
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