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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Triad of infection:
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Host, pathogen, drug
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An _____ would hold the fort, to stop further pathogen growth, while the immune system attacks the pathogen
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Anti-infective
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______ Also interacts with the drug - uptake, metabolism, inactivation, elimination
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Pathogen
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How the pt handles the drug is the ____ effects
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PK
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First Defined by Erlich as selective destruction of invading organisms (i.e. without doing harm to the host)
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Chemotherapeutic agent
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Chemotherapeutic agents are designed to _____ differences between host and invading organism
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Exploit
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_____: goal is to administer substance producing maximal toxicity to organisms causing disease, but with minimal toxicity to host tissue
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Selective toxicity
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______: ratio of toxic dose/effective dose
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TI (therapeutic index)
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Selective toxicity is not the same as _____. _____ of host toxicity may be expressed besides the mechanism which kills the foreign organism.
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TI (therapeutic index); other modes
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The concept that substances derived from one living thing may serve to kill other living things
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Antibiotic chemotherapy
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PCN is only effective when the organism is in the:
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Growth phase
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Sulfas and trimethoprims can be ____ or ____
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Baceteriocidal or bacteriostatic
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Aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, EES
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Target protein synthesis
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Sulonamides, trimethoprim
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Target folic acid synthesis
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Rifampin, quinolones
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Target nucleic acid synthesis
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Rifampin affects
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RNA
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Quinolones affect
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DNA
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PCN, cephalosporins, vancomycin, bacitracin
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Target cell wall
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Polymyxin B
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Target cell membrane
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Aminoglycosides and chloramphenicol affect ______ differences
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Biochemical
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PCN, cephalosporins, amphotericin, and nystatin affect ______ differences
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Structural
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Sulfonamides and trimethoprim affect _____ differences
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Metabolic
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You do not want to combine a cidal drug with a _____ drug.
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Static
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The static drug will stop if from _______ and then the cidal drug will not work b/c it only works when the pathogen is growing
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Growing
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The drug at a certain concentration is no longer having an effect. We can not increase the drug as much as we want b/c of toxic effects.
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Drug resistance
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______ resistance happens after you tx. This can happen b/c the drug can cause mutations in the DNA of the pathogen which will confirm resistance
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Acquired
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Resistance can be transferred from one _____ to another
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Bacteria
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A _____ is a virus that affects bacteria
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Phage
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You can't always tell how the _____ occurs - acquired or intrinsic
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Resistance
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Two types of resistance:
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Acquired and intrinsic
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