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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of receptors does the Sympathetic Division have? |
Adrenergic Receptors |
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What type of receptors does the parasympathetic Nervous system have? |
Cholinergic Receptors |
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What are the autonomic functions of the SNS? |
Adrenergic Fight or Flight |
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What are the autonomic functions of the PNS? |
Cholinergic NS Rest & digest |
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What does a Adrenergic agent do? |
Mimics the sympathetic NS |
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What does a Cholinergic agent do? |
Mimics the PNS |
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What neurotransmitter stimulates SNS? |
Norepinephrine |
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What neurotransmitter stimulates PNS? |
Acetylcholine |
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Define agonist? |
Help it |
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Define antagonist? |
Stop it |
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What happens when Alpha 1 receptors are stimulated? |
Vasoconstriction and bronchodilation |
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What happens when Beta 1 receptors are stimulated? |
Increases HR & force of contraction |
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What happens when Beta 2 receptors are stimulated? |
Bronchodilation |
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What kind of effects do adrenergic blockers/sympatholytic/adrenergic antagonist produce? |
Decreases HR, bronchoconstriction, pupil constriction |
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What effects would a Alpha 1 blocker have? |
Vasodilation (decreases BP) |
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What kind of effects would a cholinergic agonist/muscarinics/parasympathomimetic have? |
Rest & digest Decrease HR Pupil constriction Vasodilation |
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What kind of effects would a adrenergic agent/sympathomimetic/adrenergic agonist induce? |
Vasoconstriction and pupil dilation |
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What kind of effects would a parasympatholytic/antocholinergic/cholinergic antagonist induce? |
Blocks PNS increased HR Vasoconstriction Bronchodilation |
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What drugs are used for anxiety & sleep? |
Benzodiazepines Barbituates Non-Benzo/Non-Barb |
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What drugs are used for seizures? |
Barbituates Benzodiazepines Non-Benzo/Non-Barb Succinides |
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What drugs are used for depression? |
Tricyclic Anti-depressant Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Atypical |
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What drugs are used for bipolar disorder? |
Mood stabilizers Anti-seizure Atypical Anti-seizure TCA's |
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What drugs are used for ADHD? |
CNS stimulants |
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What drugs are used for psychosis? |
Phenothiazines Non-phenothiazines Atypical |
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What drugs are used for Parkinson's disease? |
Dopaminergics Anticholinergic |
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What drugs are used for Alzheimer's disease? |
Parasympathomimetic |
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Drugs for multiple sclerosis? |
Immunomodulator Immunosuppressants |
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What is the drug action of benzo's? |
Binds to GABA receptors Intensifies the effects of GABA (slows down excitement in the brain) |
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What is the drug action of barb's? |
CNS depressant |
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What is the drug action of Non-Benzo & Non-Barbs? |
Binds to serotonin & dopamine receptors in the brain. |
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What is the drug action of phenytoin? |
Delays an influx of sodium ions across membranes of neurons. |
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What is the drug action of succinides? |
Delays the influx if calcium across membranes of neurons |
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What is the drug actions of TCA'S? |
Blocks reuptake of serotonin and Norepinephrine. Blocks muscarinic & alpha 1 receptors. |
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What is the drug action of SSRI's? |
Increase amount of serotonin at the synapse = better mood |
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What is the drug action of MAOI's? |
Increases amount of serotonin and Norepinephrine at the synapse = better mood. |
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What is the drug action of atypical antidepressants (SNRI's)? |
Inhibits reuptake of serotonin, Norepinephrine, & dopamine. |
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What are the drug actions of mood stabilizer's? (Lithium) |
Acts as sodium in the body & moderates shift in emotion. |
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What is the drug actions of CNS Stimulants for ADHD? |
Stimulates focus & concentration in the brain |
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What is the drug action of antipsychotics (phenothiazines, nonphenothiazines, atypical)? |
Anticholinergic effects |
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What are the drug actions for antiparkinson's drugs? |
Increases dopamine and decreases acetylcholine |
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What is the drug action of alzheimer's meds? |
Stimulates PNS. Allows patient to think and speak |
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What is the drug action for immunosuppressants for MS? |
Stops breaking down of myelin sheath. (Slows down conduction) |
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What are the nursing considerations for anti-anxiety & anti-insomnia meds (barbs, benzos, non-barbs/non-benzos) |
Monitor for drowsiness & dizziness Monitor for resp depression Do not use with ETOH |
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What are the nursing considerations for Anti-seizure meds (barbs & benzos)? |
Monitor for drowsiness & dizziness Monitor for resp depression |
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What are the nursing considerations for Phenytoin (Anti-seizure) |
Has a narrow therapeutic range Monitor for s/s of dehydration 1st line drug for status epilepticus |
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What are the nursing considerations for TCA's? |
Orthostatic hypertension Dry mouth Increased risk for suicide SNS effects |
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What are the nursing considerations for SSRI's? |
Will take up to 5 weeks to work Weight gain Decreased libido Monitor LFT'S *DRUG OF CHOICE BECAUSE OF SAFTEY* |
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What are the nursing considerations for MAOI's? |
Monitor vitals & I/O NO cheese, beer, wine, CHOCOLATE, yogurt, raisins, caffeine. Because of the Tyramine. Can cause HTN crisis (increased release of NE) |
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What is the nursing considerations of SNRI's (atypical anti-depressants)? |
Monitor changes in behavior Weight loss Dry mouth Suicidal thoughts? |
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Nursing considerations for mood stabilizer's (lithium)? |
Monitor for dehydration Monitor labs (0.6-1.5 mEq/L) Increased risk for toxicity Can cause severe damage to kidneys |
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What are the nursing considerations for CNS Stimulants (methylphenidate)? |
Give before 4pm & meals Monitor for insomnia, anorexia, & weight loss) |
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What is the nursing consideration for clozapine (atypical anti-psychotic)? |
Can cause agranulocytosis **@ increased risk for infections** |
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What are the nursing considerations for Carbidopa (anti-parkinson)? |
Monitor ADL's & ambulation |
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What are the nursing considerations for anti-alzheimer's (donezipil) |
Monitor ADL's, behaviors, & cognitiom |
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What type if drug is Prazosin? The expected effects? |
Adrenergic antagonist- alpha 1 |
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What type of drug is epinephrine? The effects? |
Adrenergic agonist SNS effects |
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What type of drug is bethanechol? The effects? |
Cholinergic agonist PNS effects |
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What type of drug is phenylephrine? The effects? |
Alpha-adrenergic agonist SNS effects (alpha 1) |
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What type of drug is atenolol and propranolol? The effects? |
Adrenergic antagonist PNS effects (lower BP, HR) |
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What type if drug is glycopyrrolate? The effects? |
Anticholinergic PNS effects |
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What type of drug is atropine? The effects? |
Anticholinergic SNS effects |
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What type of drug is lorazepam and diazepam? The effects? |
Benzodiazepine Binds to GABA and slows down exvitement in the brain |
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What type of drug is phenytoin? The effects? |
Non-barb/non-benzo Delays an influx of sodium across membranes of neurons =decreased neuronal activity. |
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What type of drug is Lithium? The effects? |
Mood stimulant/psychotherapeutic Acts as a Sodium in the body= moderates shift in emotion |
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What type of drug is methylphenidate? The effects? |
CNS stimulant Increases activity on the focus/concentration side of the brain |
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What type of drug is buspirone used for? The effects? |
Non-benzo/non-barb CNS Depressant Binds to serotonin & dopamine receptors & increases NE in the brain |
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What is the action if adrenergic agonists? |
Stimulates SNS by stimulating the release of NE or by stimulating alpha/beta receptors **causes SNS effects ** |
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What is the action of Adrenergic antagonist? |
Blocks impulses to the SNS by blocking alpha & beta receptor sites or inhibits the release of of epi or NE **causes PNS effects** |
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What is the action of cholinergic agonist? |
Stimulates the PNS by binding to ACh receptors on the target organ **causes PNS effects** Think SLUDGE for side sffects |
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What is the action of anticholinergics? |
Blocks impulses to the PNS by blocking ACh at muscarinic receptors **causes SNS effects ** |
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What is anxiety? |
State of apprehension, tension, or anxiety |
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What is withdrawl syndrome? |
Nausea, vomitting, fatigue Occurs when a medication/substance is stopped abruptly |
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What is a seizure? |
Disturbances of electrical activity in the brain |
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What are the nursing considerations for phenylephrine? |
Monitor BP Monitor EKG assess IV site |
