Pharm Exam 1- 2014

Front 1

The inability of heart to pump enough blood to meet the need of the body is called heart failure.

Back 1

True

Front 2

The major goal of pharmacotherapy of heart failure is to enhance cardiac performance including enhancement of myocardial contractility and increase in CO.

Back 2

True

Front 3

Systemic edema is d/t failure of the LV, and pulmonary edema is d/t failure of RV.

Back 3

False

Front 4

The ventricular performance curve, a plot of cardiac output against end-diastolic pressure will be up-shifted during chronic heart failure.

Back 4

False

Front 5

Diuretics decrease sodium/water retention and reduce preload of the heart in treatment of chronic heart failure.

Back 5

True

Front 6

Digoxin can be used to effectively treat chronic heart failure mainly d/t its action to enhance myocardial contraction and to slow down HR by inhibition of the Na-K ATPase in cardiac myocytes and increase in the vagal activity.

Back 6

True

Front 7

Increase in intracellular cGMP and consequent Ca concentrations in cardiac myocytes is the major mechanism mediating the action of milrinone, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, which enhances myocardial contraction.

Back 7

False

Front 8

The major therapeutic goal of BB during chronic heart failure is to reduce the HR and lower BP that in turn reduces the workload of the heart.

Back 8

True

Front 9

Which drug group does not decrease the workload of the heart (including preload and afterload) during the tx of chronic heart failure.

Back 9

Cardiac glycosides

Front 10

Which drug group has a positive inotropic effect?

Back 10

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors

Front 11

Why is a gradual dose increase suggested as well as monitoring the blood concentrations recommended for cardiac glycosides?

Back 11

The dose of these drugs has a narrow therapeutic window

Front 12

What feature makes PDEI sometimes referred to as 'inodilators'?

Back 12

Producing vasodilation and increasing myocardial contractility

Front 13

What mechanism may not mediate the therapeutic action of ACEI on chronic heart failure:

Back 13

Increase renin production

Front 14

Why must BB be used with caution in tx of chronic heart failure:

Back 14

It's negative inotropic action

Front 15

What arrhythmia often occurs during use of either cardiac glycosides or PDEI in pts with chronic heart failure?

Back 15

VT

Front 16

Cardiac glycosides are highly selective inhibitors of Na/K ATPase. What mechanism mediates the increase in myocardial contractility?

Back 16

Increase in intracellular Ca level

Front 17

Diuretics are used to tx heart failure because of:

Back 17

Decrease in preload of the heart

Front 18

The therapeutic action of digoxin in tx of chronic heart failure is through:

Back 18

Increase in myocardial contractility

Front 19

Currently, ACEI are increasingly used for tx of chronic heart failure b/c this group of drugs is capable of:

Back 19

Decrease in both preload and afterload of the heart

Front 20

As a group of drugs newly developed for tx of chronic heart failure, PDE inhibitors may exert their action by:

Back 20

Increase in myocardial contractility and decrease in afterload of the heart

Front 21

Weakening of the heart muscle and insufficiency of cardiac performance is:

Back 21

CHF

Front 22

CHF is does not have a single cause to a disease, but is a ______

Back 22

Pathological process

Front 23

Medical goals in tx of CHF include:

Back 23

Prevention and slowing progression

Front 24

Development of CHF is a ________ process.

Back 24

Chronic, slow

Front 25

In response to low CO, there is increased _____ discharge with increases the CO. In response to decreased RBF, there is increased renin and ANGII which increases_____.

Back 25

Sympathetic, BP

Front 26

Remodeling leads to:

Back 26

Cardiac hypertrophy

Front 27

Consequences of uncompensated CHF include : decreased contractility which decreases ______; decreased tissue perfusion and RBF which leads to ______ and Na/H2o reabsorption which leads to edema.

Back 27

CO; increased ADH/AngII

Front 28

Increased edema in the body leads to increased _____ which increases the _______ of the heart.

Back 28

TPR; workload

Front 29

If the ventricle is overly stretched, the effect of ventricular contraction is ______ and the CO vs EDVP curve shifts ____.

Back 29

Diminished; downward

Front 30

Given to decrease PVR and afterload:

Back 30

ACEI or ARB

Front 31

Give ___ if systolic dysfunction with 3rd heart sound or a fib is present.

Back 31

Dig

Front 32

Give ___ to pts with stable class II-IV heart failure.

Back 32

BB