Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Fosinopril is what kind of drug |
ACE Inhibitor |
|
|
What’s the MAIN adverse effect associated with ACE inhibitors ? |
Dry hacking cough |
|
|
What is the PROTOTYPE for calcium channel blockers ? |
Diltiazem (Cardizem) |
|
|
What do ACE inhibitors do ? |
Acts in the lungs, to prevent ACE from converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II |
|
|
MOST of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) end in what ? |
-sartan Examples: Valsartan, Losartan, Telmisartan |
|
|
When a pt is on a antihypertensive such as Valsartan, warm them to... A. Don’t drink grapefruit juice B. Avoid standing to quickly C. Avoid food high in sodium and potassium D. They may experience excessive hair growth |
B. Avoid standing to quickly Most antihypertensives can cause dizziness and syncope resulted from lowered blood pressure, the pt should be cautious when standing up to fast |
|
|
Which class of drug do you advise the pt to avoid grapefruit juice ? A calcium channel blockers B ACE Inhibitors C ARBs D Vasodialators |
A. Calcium channel blockers |
|
|
MOST (not all) calcium channel blockers end in what ? |
-dipine Examples ; amlodipine, felodipine, nifedipine, isradipine |
|
|
Captopril is what kind of drug ? The onset of action is ____ min? |
ACE inhibitor ; 15min After admin of this drug, reassess BP in 15 min |
|
|
What do ARBs do ? |
Selectively bind with angiotensin II receptors in the smooth muscle to block vasoconstriction and the releases of aldosterone |
|
|
What do calcium channel blockers do ? |
Inhibits the movement of calcium ions across the membrane, altering the action potential and blocking muscle cell contraction |
|
|
Some MAIN adverse effects of ACE inhibitors include (select all that apply) A. Chest pain B. Diarrhea C. Photophobia D. Constipation E. Edema F. Dry cough |
A. Chest pain C. Photophobia D. Constipation F. Dry cough (MAIN ONE) |
|
|
Some adverse effects of ARBs (select all that apply) A. Dry mouth B. Constipation C. Dizziness/ Syncope D. Light sensitivity E. Symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection F. Heart block |
A. Dry mouth C. dizziness/syncope E. Upper respiratory tract infection symptoms |
|
|
Which vasodialator is ONLY given orally ? A. Hydralazine B. Minoxidil C. Nitroprusside D. Captropril |
B. Minoxidil Is the only vasodilator that is solely given orally .. Hydralazine is given by 3 routes (PO,IV, IM) Nitroprusside is given only IV captropril is not a vasodilator |
|
|
Pt have hypertension and unstable angina. Which medication would most likely help both diagnosis ? A. Beta blockers B. Alpha blocker C. ARBs D. Calcium channel blockers |
D. Calcium channel blockers Have an unique benefit of treating both angina and hypertension |
|
|
Which drug acts as a renin inhibitor ? A. Hydralazine B. Nifedipine C. Nitroprusside D. Aliskiren |
D. Aliskiren Directly inhibits renin All the other drugs aren’t renin inhibitors |
|
|
Which describes “stable angina” A. Relieved by rest B. Happens at rest C. Results from vasospasms |
A. Stable angina is relieved by rest Unstable happens at rest Prinzemtals occurs due to vasospams |
|
|
What is the therapeutic levels for Digoxin ? |
0.5-2 |
|
|
How do you advise the pt to take digoxin ? A. With small meals B. With grapefruit juice C. On a empty stomach D. With a sip of water |
C. On an empty stomach |
|
|
Most commonly used drug to treat HF (heart failure)? A. Linsinopril B. Aclidinium C. Digoxin D. Candesartan |
C. Digoxin |
|
|
What is angina pectoris associated with? A. Arteries narrowed due to fatty deposits B. Heart muscle contractions C. Heart muscle not getting enough oxygen D. Blood flow is blocked to the heart |
C. Heart muscle not getting enough oxygen. “Suffocation of the cheat” |
|
|
Beta- adrenergic blockers end in what ? |
-lol (Ex: atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, nadolol) |
|
|
How should you instruct the pt to take sublingual nitroglycerin ? |
Take a tablet every 5 min, up to three tablets in 15min. Seek medical help is pain persist |
|
|
The pt tells the nurse that the sublingual nitroglycerin has a fizzing sensation. What should the nurse inform the pt? A. The drug is expired B. Possible mouth sores under tongue C. Fizzing indicates potency and it’s working just fine D. Possible adverse effect |
C. Fizzing of sublingual nitroglycerin is normal and indicates its potency and it’s working If it doesn’t fizz, contact the dr |
|
|
Pt is taking a transdermal nitroglycerin and metoprolol, the complains of terrible gas . What is the nurses best response ? A. “Most likely caused by the nitroglycerin” B. “Its due to your heart problems” C. “It’s due to the metoprolol” D. “That shouldn’t be happened, I’ll contact the physican” |
C. “It’s due to the metoprolol” Gastric adverse effects of metoprolol include gastric pain, flatulence, vomiting and diarrhea |
|
|
Pt is receiving isosorbide dinitrate for treatment of angina. Which drug should she avoid concurrently ? (Select all apply) A. Tamsulosin B. Tadalafil C. Vardenafil D. Furosemide E. Sildenafil |
B. Tadalafil C. Vardenafil E. Sildenafil All the “-afil” drugs should be avoided concurrently with nitrates |
|
|
Nitrates cause vasodilation and decrease in venous return and arterial resistance ... True or False |
TRUE |
|
|
Adverse effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (STATIN drugs) |
Flatulence, constipation Abdominal pain, cramps, N/V Headache, dizziness, blurred vision Insomnia, fatigue Cataract development |
|
|
Pt contacts the dr complaining of muscle pain, brown tinged urine and nausea. Pt is on a statin drug. What is happening ? |
Development of major complication Rhabdomyolysis, pt needs emergency attention |
|
|
What do HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors do ? |
Block HMG-CoA from completing the synthesis of cholesterol |
|
|
When is the highest rate of cholesterol synthesis ? A. Mornings B. Bedtime C. Afternoons D. After big meals |
B. Bedtime |
|
|
Most common cause of death following a MI ? |
Arrhythmias |
|
|
Factors included in metabolic syndrome ?? |
Insulin resistance Abdominal obesity Hypertension High triglyceride levels Low LDL Prothrombic state Pro inflammatory states |
