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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Antipsychotic
Phenothiazines (Chlorpramazine (Thorazine) |
- Don't cause dependence
- Occupy or block dopamine receptors - Chemical restraint - Depress CNS and ANS - Extra pyramidal effects - Can't take if HTN, preg, parkinsons - Give near bed time and avoid skin contact - Leukopenia |
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Antipsychotic
Non-Phenothiazines (Clozapine) |
- 1st drug of choice (less ADEs)
- Can cause high BS - Blocks dopamine and seratonin |
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Antidepressants
MAO Inhibitors (Marplan) |
- Inhibits metabolism of neurotransmitters
- Onset: 1-2 weeks - OSHTN - Sedation/insomnia, high BP (MI risk) |
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Antidepressants
Tricyclic (Elavil) |
- Blocks reabsorbtion
- Onset: 1-2 weeks - OSHTN - Dysrhythmias - Treat phobias - Leukopenia |
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Antidepressants
Lithium |
- NOT metabolized
- Onset 6 days - Used for bipolar - ADEs: Metalic taste, tremors, polyuria/polydipsia, Na imbalence - Leukocytosis |
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Antidepressants
SSRI (Prozac) |
- One dose daily, few side effects
- "wonder drug" hard to OD - Useful in other conditions: OCD, belimia - ADEs: Skin rash, N, UP CNS, wt loss |
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Anticonvulsant/Antiseizure
(Dilantin) |
First give benzodiazapine to stop seizure
IV: Mix only with saline Children get gum enlargement |
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Antidiabetic:
Insulin |
- Need to write out units
- Give pre op if BS is high - Treat hyperkalemia |
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Antidiabetic: Oral
Sulfonylureas (Glucotrol (Glipizide)) |
- For type 2 (Stim insulin production)
- ADE: Hypoglycemia - If stops working - Change med - NOT during pregnancy |
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Antidiabetic: Oral
Meglitinides (Prandin) |
- For type 2 (Stim insulin production)
- ADE: Hypoglycemia - Contraindicated with severe liver problems |
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Antidiabetic: Oral
Thiazolides (Actos, Avandia) |
- Take once daily (meals don't matter)
- Don't produce hypogycemia - Careful of liver |
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Antidiabetic: Oral
Diguanide (Glucophage (Metformin)) |
- Need good renal function
- If pt has test using contrast die: stop 48 hrs prior |
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Antidiabetic: Oral
OAGI (Precose, Glyset) |
- Work in GI: slower absorbtion
- Take with first bite of food |
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Hypothyroid meds
(Sythroid) |
- UP VMR, HR, temp, activity
- Takes weeks to work - Ok if pregnant |
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Hyperthyroid meds
(Tapazole) |
- Lower HR
- wt gain - More sleep - Don't take if nursing |
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Corticosteroids
Glucocorticoids (Prednisone) |
- Watch fluids and electrolytes (lower Ca and K)
- Produce more glucose - Muscles more resistant to insulin - Suppress immune system and inflam response (infection unnoticed) - Help bronchodilate (not directly) - Body changes - Report sore throat |
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Estrogen
(Premarin) |
- Hormone replacement
- Prevent breast enlargement - Slow osteoperosis - Risks: DVT, HTN, gallbladder, migranes, depression |
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Progesterone
(Provera) |
- Use: abnormal bleeding
- contractions - Risk: DVT |
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Anabolic Androgen Steroids (AAS)
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- Originally used: concentration camps
- Stim bone marrow + sexual development - Uses: Leukemia, low testost., aids, tissue wasting, athletes ADES: Acne, agressive, HTN, sterility, strength, bald, stunted growth, up blood clotting |
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Meds for GI tract
Antacids |
- Neutralize acid in stomach
- Rapid onset - Take with H2O- not w/ other meds - Combine alum. hydoxide and mag for no bowel problems - Careful of Na (HTN) on sodium bicarbonate - Dont use tums for Ca |
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Meds for GI tract
Ulcer Adherent (Sucralfate (Carafate)) |
- Doesn't neutralize - coats
- Take on empty stomach before bed (4-8 weeks) - Local effects, can prevent - ADEs: N, constipation, metallic taste, dry mouth |
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Meds for GI tract
H2 receptor blocking agents (Tagamet) |
- Rapid but on 6-8 weeks
- Mental confusion in elderly - Interacts with many meds - Meals dont matter |
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Meds for GI tract
Proton pump inhibitors (Prilosec) |
- 1st drug of choice
- Stops pumping of HCL ADEs: N, D, Headache |
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Meds for GI tract
H. Pylori agents |
- Combo of antibiotic and proton pump inhibitor
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Laxatives and Cathartics
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Bulk forming- adds fiber
Surfactant- Softens stool, no strain Saline cathartic- up osmotic pressure (rapid), watch electrolytes Irrit. or stim carthartic: Strongest (abused), irritates GI mucosa Lub lax.: Coats intestines |
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Anti-diarrheals
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- Assess: # of stools, looseness, wt
- Up fluid intake - BRAT diet - Handwashing - Eat yogurt to replace flora |
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Anti-Emetics
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- Phenothiazines- Short term use
- Antihistamines: Motion sickness - Seratonin rec. ag.: For N after anistisea and chemo therapy - Benzodiazipiens |
