Pharm Drug Classifications

Front 1

Prevent the synthesis of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor; used to treat hypertension, heart failure and kidney disease

Back 1

ACE inhibitors

Front 2

Promote the accumulation of acetylcholine, resulting in prolonged cholinergic effects

Back 2

acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Front 3

Produce effects similar to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine

Back 3

adrenergic

Front 4

Inhibits the adrenergic system, preventing stimulation of the adrenergic receptors

Back 4

adrenergic blocking agents

Front 5

Block stimulation of mineralocorticoid receptors by aldosterone, thus reducing high blood pressure by preventing sodium reabsorption

Back 5

aldosterone receptor antagonists

Front 6

Gentamicin, tobramycin, and related antibiotics; particularly effective against gram-negative microorganisms; noted for potentially dangerous toxicity

Back 6

aminoglycosides

Front 7

Used to reduce elevated postprandial hyperglycemia (pramlintide) in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus

Back 7

amylinomimetic agent

Front 8

Narcotic and nonnarcotic; relieve pain without producing loss of consciousness or reflex activity

Back 8

analgesics

Front 9

These steroid hormones produce maculinizing effects

Back 9

androgens

Front 10

For example: local anesthesia, general anesthesia; cause a loss of sensation with or without a loss of consciousness

Back 10

anesthetics

Front 11

also known as ARB's (angiotensin receptor blockers); act by binding to angiotensin II receptor sites, preventing angiotensin II from binding to receptor sites in vascular smooth muscle, brain, heart, kidneys, and adrenal gland; thus, blocking the blood pressure-elevating and sodium-retaining effects of angiotensin II

Back 11

angiotensin II receptor antagonists

Front 12

Reduce the aciditiy of the gastric contents

Back 12

antacids

Front 13

Used to prevent or treat attacks of angina pectoris; most common in nitroglycerin

Back 13

antianginals

Front 14

Used to treat anxiety symptoms or disorders; AKA minor tranquilizers or anxiolytics

Back 14

antianxiety

Front 15

Used to treat infections caused by pathogenic microbes; the term is often used interchangeably with antimicrobial agents

Back 15

antibiotics

Front 16

Block the actions of acetylcholine in the parasympathetic nervous system

Back 16

anticholinergics

Front 17

Do NOT dissolve existing blood clots, but do prevent formation, enlargement, or extension of blood clots

Back 17

anticoagulants

Front 18

Suppress abnormal neuronal activity in the CNS, preventing seizures

Back 18

anticonvulsants

Front 19

Relieves depression

Back 19

antidepressants

Front 20

Include insulin and amylinomimetic agent used to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus. Secretogogues, biguanide, thiazolidinediones, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, amylinomimetic agent, and incretin-based therapy are used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Back 20

antidiabetics

Front 21

Relieve or control the symptoms of acute or chronic diarrhea

Back 21

antidiarrheals

Front 22

Used to correct cardiac dysrhythmias

Back 22

antidysrhythmics

Front 23

Used to prevent or treat nausea and vomiting

Back 23

antiemetics

Front 24

Used to treat fungal infections

Back 24

antifungals

Front 25

Used to reduce intraocular pressure

Back 25

antiglaucoma

Front 26

Used to treat active gout attacks or to prevent future attacks

Back 26

antigout

Front 27

Used to treat allergy symptoms; may also be used to treat motion sickness, insomnia and other nonallergic reactions

Back 27

antihistamines

Front 28

Used to treat elevated blood pressure

Back 28

antihypertensives

Front 29

Used to reduce serum cholesterol and/or triglycerides; most common are statins

Back 29

antilipemics

Front 30

Chemicals that eliminate living microorganisms pathogenic to the patient; also called antibiotics or antiinfectives

Back 30

antimicrobials

Front 31

Also called chemotherapy agents; used alone or in combination with other treatment modalities such as radiation, surgery,or biologic response modifiers to treat cancer

Back 31

antineoplastics

Front 32

Used in the treatment of Parkinson's syndrome and other dyskinesias

Back 32

antiparkinson's

Front 33

Prevent platelet clumping (aggregation), thereby preventing an essential step in formation of a blood clot; most common are asprin and clopidogrel

Back 33

antiplatelets

Front 34

Used to treat severe mental illnesses

Back 34

antipsychotics

Front 35

Used to reduce fevers associated with a variety of conditions; most common are aspirin, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen

Back 35

antipyretics

Front 36

Actually anticholinergic agents

Back 36

antispasmodics

Front 37

Used to treat the symptoms of hyperthyroidism; AKA thyroid hormone antagonists

Back 37

antithyroid

Front 38

Used to prevent or treat an infectioncaused by 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis'

Back 38

antituberculins

Front 39

Used to suppress a cough by acting on the cough center of the brain

Back 39

antitussive

Front 40

These drugs, such as histamine (H2) antagonists, decrease the volume and increase the pH of gastric secretions

Back 40

antiulcer agents

Front 41

Used to treat infections caused by pathogenic viruses

Back 41

antivirals

Front 42

Inhibit the activity of the sympathetic transmitters, norepinephrine, and epinephrine; used to treat angina, dysrythmias, hypertension, and glaucoma

Back 42

beta blockers

Front 43

Stimulate receptors within the tracheobronchial tree to relax and dilate the airway passages, allowing a greater volume of air to be exchanged and improving oxygenation

Back 43

bronchodilators

Front 44

Also called calcium ion antagonists, slow channel blockers, or calcium ion influx inhibitors; inhibit the movement of calcium ions across the cell membrane; used to decrease dysrythmias, slow rate of contraction of the heart, and cause vasodilation

Back 44

calcium channel blockers

Front 45

Antibiotics with a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria; they act by inhibiting cell wall synthesis

Back 45

carbapenems

Front 46

Interfere with the production of aqueous humor, thereby reducing intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma

Back 46

carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Front 47

Improve immune function by stimulating the activity of various immune cells

Back 47

cell-stimulating agents

Front 48

Also known as parasympathomimetics; produce effects similar to those of acetylcholine

Back 48

cholinergic

Front 49

Cholinesterase enzymes destroy acetylcholine, stopping its actions. These block destructions of acetylcholine, thus prolonging its action.

Back 49

cholinesterase inhibitors

Front 50

This drug, sucralfate, forms a complex that adheres to the crater of an ulcer, protecting it from aggravation from gastric secretions

Back 50

coating agent

Front 51

Stimulate progenitor cells in bone marrow to increase numbers of leukocytes, thereby improving immune function

Back 51

colony-stimulating factors

Front 52

These hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex of the adrenal gland

Back 52

corticosteroids

Front 53

Anticholinergic agents that paralyze accomodation of the iris of the eye

Back 53

cycloplegics

Front 54

Agents that cause direct cell deathl often used for cancer chemotherapy

Back 54

cytotoxics

Front 55

Reduce swelling in the nasal passages caused by a common cold or allergic rhinitis, usually by vasoconstriction

Back 55

decongestants

Front 56

Combination products containing digestive enzymes used to treat various digestive disorders and to supplement deficiencies of natural digestive enzymes

Back 56

digestants

Front 57

A class of drugs, also known as cardiac glycosides, that increase the force of contraction and slow the heart rate, thereby improving cardiac output; digoxin is the prototype

Back 57

digitalis glycosides

Front 58

Act to increase the flow of urine

Back 58

diuretics

Front 59

Used to induce vomiting

Back 59

emetics

Front 60

Steroids that cause feminizing effects

Back 60

estrogens

Front 61

Liquify mucus by stimulating the natural lubricant fluids from the bronchial glands, allowing the liquified mucus to be expectorated or coughed up out of the trachea and bronchi

Back 61

expectorants

Front 62

Ciprofloxacin and related agents; widely used broad-spectrum antibiotics

Back 62

flouroquinolones

Front 63

Used to increase stomach contractions, relax the pyloric valve, and increase peristalsis in the gastrointestinal tract; results in a decrease in gastric transit time and more rapid emptying of the intestinal tract; prototype is metoclopramide

Back 63

gastric stimulants

Front 64

AKA adrenocorticosteroids; are used to regulate carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism

Back 64

glucocorticoids

Front 65

Hormones produced by the testes in the male and ovaries in the female

Back 65

gonadal hormones

Front 66

Plant products usually sold as food supplements; may have pharmacologic effects that are not evaluated or regulated by the FDA

Back 66

herbals

Front 67

Decrease the volume and increase the pH of gastric secretions both during the day and the night

Back 67

histamine (H2) antagonists

Front 68

AKA the statins; antilipemic agents that inhibit hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase enzyme, the enzyme that stimulates the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid, a precursor in the biosynthesis of cholesterol, thus reducing the potential for artherosclerosis

Back 68

HMG-CoA reductase enzyme inhibitors

Front 69

Used to decrease the production or increase the excretion of uric acid excretion of uric acid, thus lowering serum uric acid levels to prevent gout

Back 69

hyperuricemics

Front 70

Used to produce sleep

Back 70

hypnotics

Front 71

Used to reduce basal glucose concentrations and elevated postprandial glucose concentrations; used to treat diabetes mellitus

Back 71

incretin-mimetics

Front 72

Hormone required for glucose transport into the cells for energy

Back 72

insulins

Front 73

Used to prevent psysiologic lactation

Back 73

lactation suppressants

Front 74

Act by a variety of mechanisms to treat constipation

Back 74

laxatives

Front 75

Derivatives of heparin; anticoagulants for prophylactic treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism and deep vein thrombosis

Back 75

low molecular weight heparins

Front 76

Erythromycin, azithromycin, and related antibiotics

Back 76

macrolides

Front 77

Agents that block monoamine oxidase, thereby preventing the degradation and prolonging the action of norepinephrine and serotonin

Back 77

MAO inhibitors

Front 78

Steroids that cause the kidneys to retain sodium and water

Back 78

mineralocorticoids

Front 79

Cause constriction of the iris

Back 79

miotics

Front 80

reduce the thickness and stickiness of pulmonary secretions by acting directly on the mucous plugs to dissolve them

Back 80

mucolytics

Front 81

Relieve muscle spasms

Back 81

muscle relaxants

Front 82

Cause dilation of the iris

Back 82

mydriatics

Front 83

Aprepitant is the first neurokinin-1 available; blocks the effects of substance P on the neurokinin-1 receptors. Used to prevent acute and delayed chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting caused by highly emetogenic antineoplastic agents

Back 83

neuro-kinin-1 receptor antagonist

Front 84

Skeletal muscle relaxants used to produce muscle relaxation during anesthesia; reduce the use and side effects of general anestheticsl used to ease endotracheal intubation and prevent laryngospasm

Back 84

neuromuscular blockers

Front 85

Metabolize to nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator used to treat angina

Back 85

nitrates

Front 86

Prostaglandin inhibitors that are analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory in action

Back 86

nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Front 87

Centrally acting analgesic agents related to morphine

Back 87

opioids

Front 88

Used for birth control; administered orally

Back 88

oral contraception

Front 89

Used in type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glucose metabolism and lower blood glucose levels

Back 89

oral hypoglycemics

Front 90

Steroids regulating endometrial and myometiral function used alone or in combination with estrogen for oral contraception

Back 90

progestins

Front 91

Saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir, and related drugs; block the maturation of human immunodeficiency virus; used to treat HIV infections

Back 91

protease inhibitors

Front 92

Group of related chemicals that are a subclass of NSAIDs effective as analgesics, antipyretics, and antiinflammatory agents

Back 92

salicylates

Front 93

Given to an individual to produce relaxation and rest; do not necessarily produce sleep

Back 93

sedatives

Front 94

Antidepressants that act by specifically blocking the reuptake or serotonin, thus prolonging its action

Back 94

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Front 95

Used to block serotonin; prevent emesis induced by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery

Back 95

serotonin antagonists

Front 96

Block the synthesis of cholesterol

Back 96

statins (HMG-CoA reductase nihibitors)

Front 97

Draw water into the stool, thereby softening it

Back 97

stool softeners or fecal softeners

Front 98

Interfere with the storage and release of norepinephrine and epinephrine

Back 98

sympathomimetics

Front 99

A specific group of drugs given to dissolve existing blood clots

Back 99

thrombolytics

Front 100

Used to counteract or block the action of excessive formation of thyroid hormones

Back 100

thyroid hormone antagonists

Front 101

Used when thyroid hormones are not being produced or are not produced in sufficient quantities to meet the body's physiologic need

Back 101

thyroid hormones

Front 102

Inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin

Back 102

tricyclic antidepressants

Front 103

Act on the tubules of the kidneys to enhance the excretion of uric acid

Back 103

uricosuric agents

Front 104

Produce a local anesthetic effect on the mucosaof the ureters and bladder to relieve burning, pain, urgency, and frequency associated with UTI's

Back 104

urinary analgesics

Front 105

Substances excreted and concentrated in the urine in sufficient amounts to have an antiseptic effect on the urine and the urinary tract

Back 105

urinary antimicrobials

Front 106

Used primarily to prevent preterm labor and delivery; includes terbutaline

Back 106

uterine relaxants

Front 107

Increase the frequency or strength of uterine contractions; includes oxytocin

Back 107

uterine stimulants

Front 108

Suspensions of either live, attenuated, or killed bacteria or viruses administered to induce immunity against infection of specific bacteria or viruses

Back 108

vaccines

Front 109

Relax the arteriolar amooth muscle causing a dilation of the blood vessels

Back 109

vasodilators