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198 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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-azole
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antifungal
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Ketoconazole
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-cillin
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penicillin
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Methicillin
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-cycline
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antibiotic
protein synthesis inhibitor |
tetracycline
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-navir
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protease inhibitor (HIV/Hep C)
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saquinavir
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-triptan
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5ht (1B/1D) agonists
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sumatriptan
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-ane
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Inhalational general anesthetic
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Halothane
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-caine
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local anesthetic
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Lidocaine
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-operidol
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antipsychotic
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Haloperidol
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-azine
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antipsychotic
antiemetic |
Chlorpromazine
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-barbital
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barbiturate (CNS depressants)
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Phenobarbital
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-zolam
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Benzodiazepine (Neurodepressant)
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Alprazolam
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-azepam
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Benzodiazepine (neurostimulant)
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Diazepam
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-etine
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SSRI
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Fluoxetine
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-ipramine
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TCA
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Imipramine
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-triptyline
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TCA
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Amitriptyline
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-olol
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Beta blocker
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Propranolol
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-terol
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Beta 2 agonist
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Albuterol
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-zosin
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Alpha 1 blocker
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Prazosin
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-oxin
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Cardiac glycoside (inotropic agent)
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Digoxin
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-pril
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Ace inhibitor
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Captopril
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-afil
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Erectile dysfunction
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Sildanafil
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-tropin
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Pituitary hormone
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Somatotropin
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-tidine
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H2 blocker
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Cimetidine
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Bethanechol
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Urinary retention
Postop and neurogenic ileus (cholinomimetic) |
Bethany, call me if you want to activate your Bowels and Bladder
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Carbachol
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Glaucoma
pupillary contractoin relief of intraocular pressure (cholinomimetic) |
CARBon copy of ACh
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Pilocarpine
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Stimulator of sweat, tears, saliva
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Everybody cries, drools and sweats on their PILOw
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Methacholine
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Challenge test for diagnosis of asthma
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stimulates muscarinic receptor in airway
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Neostigmine
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Postop and neurogenic ileus
myasthenia gravis reversal of neuromuscular junction blockade (anticholinesterase) |
Increases endogenous ACh by blocking AChE
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Pyridostigmine
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Myasthenia gravis
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PyRIDostigmine gets RID of myasthenia gravis
Increases endogenous ACh by blocking AChE |
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Edrophonium
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Diagnoses Myasthenia Gravis (very short acting)
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Increases endogenous ACh by blocking AChE
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physostigmine
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Glaucoma
Atropine overdose |
PHYsostigmine PHYxes atropine overdose
Increases endogenous ACh by blocking AChE |
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Echothiophate
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glaucoma
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Increases endogenous ACh by blocking AChE
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Donepezil
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Alzheimer's disease
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Increases endogenous ACh by blocking AChE
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Side effect of organophosphates
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Kill all the cholinesterase
DUMBBELSS Diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchospasm, bradycardia, excitation (skeletal muscle/cns), lacrimation, sweating, salivation |
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Miosis
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Small pupil
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Small word, small pupil
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Mydriasis
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Big pupil
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Big word, big pupil
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Atropine
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produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
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Muscarinic blocker
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cycloplegia
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paralyze ciliary muscle so can't accommodate
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homatropine
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produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
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muscarinic blocker
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tropicamide
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produce mydriasis and cycloplegia
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In the TROPICs have to wear sunglasses because pupil won't constrict
Muscarinic blocker |
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Benztropine indications
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Parkinson's disease
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Muscarinic blocker
PARK my BENZ |
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Scopolamine
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Motion sickness
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Muscarinic blocker
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Ipratropium
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Asthma
COPD |
Muscarinic blocker
I PRAy I can breath soon! |
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Oxybutynin
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Reduce urgency in mild cystitis
Reduce bladder spasms |
muscarinic blocker
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glycopyrrolate
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Reduce urgency in mild cystitis
Reduce bladder spasms |
muscarinic blocker
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methscopolamine
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Peptic ulcer tx
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muscarinic blocker
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Pirenzepine
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Peptic ulcer tx
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muscarinic blocker
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propantheline
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peptic ulcer
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muscarinic blocker
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Atropine
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Bradycardia
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blocks DUMBBELSS
Muscarinic blocker so sympathetic activity takes over |
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Atropine Toxicity
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Sympathetic system dominates;
inc. body temp (b/c dec sweating), rapid pulse, dry mouth, dry flushed skin, cyclplegia, constipation, disorientation |
Hot as a hare
Dry as a bone Red as a beet Blind as a bat Mad as a hatter |
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Epinephrine
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Anaphylaxis
OPEN angle glaucoma Asthma hypotensin |
sympathomimetic
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Norepinephrine
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Hypotension (but decreased renal perfusion)
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sympathomimetic
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Isoproterenol
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AV block
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sympathomimetic
(just beta receptor agonist) |
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dopamine
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Shock (renal perfusion)
Heart failure (inotropic AND chronotropic) |
sympathomimetic
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dobutamine
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Heart failure (cardiac stress test)
Inotropic but NOT chronotropic |
sympathomimetic
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Phenylephrine
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Pupillary dilation
vasoconstricoin nasal decongestion |
sympathomimetic
alpha receptor agonist only |
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Metaproterenol
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Acute asthma
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sympathomimetic
beta receptor agonist only |
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albuterol
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acute asthma
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sympathomimetic
beta receptor agonist only |
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Salmeterol
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Long term asthma treatment
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sympathomimetic
beta receptor agonist only |
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terbutaline
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reduce premature uterine contractions
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sympathomimetic
beta receptor agonist only |
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ritodrine
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reduce premature uterine contractions
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sympathomimetic
beta 2 receptor agonist only |
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Amphetamine
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narcolepsy
obesity ADD |
Indirect sympathomimetic
releases stored catecholamines |
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Ephedrine
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Nasal decongestion
urinary incontinence hypotension |
Indirect sympathomimetic
releases stored catecholamines |
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cocaine
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causes local vasoconstrioction and anesthesia
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Indirect sympathomimetic,
NE reuptake inhibitor |
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clonidine
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HTN with renal disease (no decrease in kidney blood flow)
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Centrally acting alpha 2 blocker, decreases central adrenergic outflow
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a-methyldopa indication
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HTN with renal disease (no decrease in kidney blood flow)
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Centrally acting alpha 2 blocker, decreases central adrenergic outflow
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Inhibit depolarization Na channel
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dec. Na conductance
i.e. blockade |
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inhibit depolarizatoin Ca channel
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dec. Ca conductance
i.e. blockade |
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inhibit depolarizatoin K channel
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Inc. K conductance
i.e. hyperpolarizatoin |
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inhibit depolarization Cl channel
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Inc. Cl conductance
i.e. hyperpolarization |
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donepezil
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Alzheimer's tx
AChase inhibitor |
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Beta 1 receptor action on heart
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Increase HR, dp/dt, impulse conduction
Decrease APD and ERP *CAMP receptor |
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Beta 1 receptor action on adipocyte
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lipolysis
Inc. free fatty acids *CAMP receptor |
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Beta 1 receptor action on renal cells? which cells?
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JG cells
Increase renin release *CAMP receptor |
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Adrenergic effect on eye? receptor?
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mydriasis (iris - radial muscle)
enhanced aqueous outflow decreaseed aquesous production(alpha 2) contract smooth muscle of eyelid Alpha receptors |
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Cholinergic effect on eye? receptor?
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Miosis (iris - sphincter)
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what iris muscle causes miosis
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sphincter muscle
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what iris muscle causes mydriasis?
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radial muscle
R in Radial and mydRiasis |
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adrenergic effect on atria/ventricles? receptor?
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beta 1
increase dp/dt |
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cholinergic effrect on atria/ventricles?
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dec. dp/dt in atria
dec dp/dt in ventricles (indirect through inhibition of NE release) |
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adrenergic effect on cardiac conduction tissue? receptor?
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beta 1
Inc HR, conduction velocity, automaticity decreased conduction time, refractory period, AP |
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cholinergic effect on cardiac conduction tissue?
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decreased HR, automaticity, conduction velocity
Increased conduciton time, refractory period, AP *Note his-purkinje NOT innervated by cholinergics |
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cholinergic effect on arterioles
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Nothing directly BUT stimulating muscarinic receptors (say from IV) produces NO which relaxes
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adrenergic effect on arterioles? receptor?
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alpha 1,2 constriction
beta 2 dilation (via circulating epi) |
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cholinergic effect on venules
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NONE
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adreneric effect on venules? receptor?
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alpha 1,2 constriction
beta 2 dilation (via circulating epi) |
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adrenergic effect on lungs? receptor?
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beta 2 relaxation
alpha 1 decreased gland secretion |
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cholinergic effect on lungs?
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contract muscle
glands increase secretion |
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adrenergic effect on esophagus?
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none
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cholinergic effect on esophagus?
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contraction
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adrenergic effect on stomach? receptor?
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alpha 1 and 2
dec. motility, tone, secretion sphincter contraction NO effect on acid No need to digest |
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cholinergic effect on stomach?
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increased acid, motility, tone, and secretion
sphincter relaxation Relax and digest |
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adrenergic effect on gallbladder? receptor
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Beta
relaxation NO need to digest |
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cholinergic effect on gallbladder?
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contraction
Squirt those eating juices |
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adrenergic effect on kidney? receptor?
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beta - JG cells - renin secretion
alpha - PT - Inc. Na/h2o reabsorption Save BP and Blood! |
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cholinergic effect on kidney?
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NONE
your relaxed, what's the point |
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adrenergic effect on platelets? receptor?
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alpha 2 - aggregation
Stop that bleeding! |
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cholinergic effect on platelets?
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NONE
Not stressed so why clot? |
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adrenergic effext on urinary tract? receptor?
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alpha 1a- contract trigone (internal sphincter)
No time to pee |
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cholinergic effect on urinary tract?
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Contract detrusor muscle (gets pee started)
relax trigone sphincter (lets pee out) Now's a good time! |
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adrenergic effect on urethra? receptor?
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alpha
contraction Stop the pee! Rather get sperm in there! |
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cholinergic effect on urethra?
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??? unknown ???
relaxation makes sense... |
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adrenergic effect on just pregnant uterus? receptor?
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alpha - contraciton
Get that baby out of there! |
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adrenergic effect on both pregnant and nonpregnant uterus? receptor?
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Beta - Relaxation
Plan B lets not waste our time with the uterus right now! |
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cholinergic effect on uterus?
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Variable
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adrenergic effect on male sex organs? receptor?
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alpha 1A - Emission and ejaculation
No effetct on penis/urthra Point and Shoot Parasympathetic Sympathetic |
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cholinergic effect on male sex organs?
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Erection (via NO)
Mucus secretion No effect on semen organs |
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adrenergic effect on female sex organs? receptor
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NONE
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cholinergic effect on female sex organs?
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Clit - erectoin
Barthoiln's - mucus secretion |
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adrenergic effect on skin? receptor?
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alpha - pilomotor - erection
muscarinic (weird one) - sweat gland secretion |
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cholinergic effect on skin?
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NONE
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adrenergic effect on adrenal medulla? receptor?
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Nictonic 1 receptor (weird one) - Catecholamine secretion
- MORE EPI!!!! can't be adrenergic receptor - positive feedback loop |
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cholinergic effect on adrenal medulla?
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NONE
why help the enemy?? |
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adrenergic effect on skeletal muscle? receptor?
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Beta 2
glycogenolysis, K+ uptake, tremor, Inc. contractility NOW's when we need these muscles. Get em ready |
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cholinergic effect on skeletal muscle?
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NONE
gets in the way of resting |
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adrenergic effect on liver? receptor?
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beta 2
glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis WE need that Sugar!!! |
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cholinergic effect on liver?
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glycogen synthesis.
Lets save that shit! |
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adrenergic effect on adipocytes? receptor
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beta 1 - lipolysis
increased triglycerides |
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cholinergic effect on adipocytes?
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NONE
Lets save these for later |
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adrenergic effect on pancreas? receptor
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Alpha - acini and islet beta cells - decreased secrtion
beta - islet alpha cells - increased secretion Get Rid of the INsuline and jack up the Glucagon |
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cholinergic effect on pancreas
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Acini - Increase encyme secretion
Beta cells - NONE Alpha cells - Increased Secretion (just like adrenergic)????? |
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adrenergic effect on salivary glands? receptor
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alpha 1 - Inc h2o and K secretion - Drool and look tough
Think snarling dog! |
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cholinergic effect on salivary glands
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Incr. h2o and K secretion, Inc amylase secretion
Lets digest that food! |
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adrenergic effect on lacrimal glands? receptor
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NONE
Don't cry, Do something! |
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cholinergic effect on lacrimal glands?
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Inc. secretion
All this beautiful food makes me want to cry |
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adrenergic effect on lacrimal glands? receptor?
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NONE
No time to smell the flowers! |
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cholinergic effect on lacrimal glands?
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Inc. Secretion.
Can't you smell that food! |
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DOC CAP outpatient
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macrolide (azithro/clarithromycin)
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DOC DAP outpatient with COPD/asthma
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FQ (levo/moxifloxacin)
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DOC pneumonia intpatient
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ceftriaxone/cefotaxime
+ azithromycin |
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DOC HAPneumonia
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Pip/tazo
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Doc. Strep. Pneumo
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Pen. G
Home: amoxicillin |
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DOC PCP pneumonia
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Trim/sulfa
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aspiration pneumonia
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clindamycin
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GABH Strep
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Pen G
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GABH Strep - PCN allergy
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clindamycin
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Syphilis
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benzathine penicillin
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DOC gonorrhea
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cefixime
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DOC CA meningitis
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ceftrizxone/cefotaxime
+ vanomycin |
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DOC Febrile neutropenia
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Pip-tazo/cefepime
+ vanc (for Gram +) |
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DOC cellulitis (MSSA)
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oxacillin/nafcillin
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DOC MRSA outpatient
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clindamycin
or trim-sulfa or doxy |
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DOC MRSA inpatient
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Vancomycin
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DOC otitis media
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amoxicillin
or amox + clavulanate |
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DOC Pseudomonas
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Pip-Tazo
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DOC PID inpatient
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cefoxitin/cefotetan
+ Doxy |
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DOC PID outpatient
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ceftrizxone
+ metronidazole + Doxy |
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DOC C. Dif
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Metronidazole
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DOC mycoplasma
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Doxycylcine
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DOC chlamydia
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Doxycycline
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DOC rickettsia
|
Doxy
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DOC borrelia burgdorfi
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Doxy
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DOC Nocardia
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Trim-sulfa
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DOC uncomplicated UTI outpatient
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Trim-sulfa
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DOC pyelonephritis
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Ceftriaxone or cefotaxime
|
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DOC TB
|
Rifampin +
Isoniazid + pyarzinamide+ ethambutol |
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DOC TB + AIDS
|
RIFABUTIN+
Isoniazid + pyarzinamide + ethambutol |
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MOA penicillins
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covalent bind PCB preventing cell wall synthesis
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MOA carbapenems
|
covalent bind PCB preventing cell wall synthesis
-penem |
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MOA aztreonam
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covalent bind PCB preventing cell wall synthesis
Remeber: NO cross reactivity with PCNs |
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MOA cephalasporins
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covalent bind PCB preventing cell wall synthesis
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MOA vancomycin
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cavlenetly binds D-ala-D-ala terminus. inhibit cell wall synthesis
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MOA tetracyclines
|
Binding A site of 30S.
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30s inhibitors
|
aminoglycosides
tetracyclines buy AT 30, CCEL at 50 |
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50s inhibitors
|
Chloarmphenical, Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Linezolid
buy AT 30, CCEL at 50 |
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MOA macrolides
|
binding 50s
-thromycin |
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MOA clindamycin
|
binding 50s
|
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MOA fluoroquinolones
|
Inhibit topo II (DNA gyrase)
Cell can't divide -Floxacin |
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MOA aminoglycosides
|
Bind to 30s
|
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aminoglycosides, who are they?
|
gentamicin
neomycin amikacin tobramycin streptomycin |
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MOA linezolid
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23S site of 50S ribosome.
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MOA trim-sulfa
|
stop tetrahydrofolate synthesis
|
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MOA Pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine
|
stop tetrahydrofolate synthesis
same as trim-sulfa |
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MOA nitrofurantoin
|
bacterial enzymes reduce it to stuff that damages bacterial DNA
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MOA isoniazid
|
Prevents synthesis of mycolic acid
|
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MOA rifampin/rifabutin
|
Bind beta subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase
|
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MOA ethambutol
|
prevents makin garabinoglycan so no mycobacterial cell wall
|
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MOA streptomycin
|
binds 30s
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MOA amphotericin B
|
binds ergosterol making holes in cell wall
|
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MOA nystatin
|
binds ergosterol making holes in cell wall
|
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MOA fluconazole
|
-azole
Inhibit CYP450 stoping ergosterol synthesis |
|
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MOA echinocandins
|
"penicillins for fungi" black cell wall enzyme
|
|
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MOA flucytosine
|
converter to 5-FU by fungi. 5-FU blocks fungal thymidine sythetase. No DNA synthesis
|
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MOA griseofulvin
|
binds Microtubules preventing fungal mitosis
|
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MOA terbenafine
|
blocks egosterol synthesis
|
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MOA tolnaftate
|
blocks ergosterol synthesis
|
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MOA Oseltamavir
|
blocks new viral release by inhibiting viral neuraminidase
|
|
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MOA acyclovir
|
converted by virus to triphosphates that inhibit DNA polymerase
|
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MOA foscarnet
|
directly inhibits viral DNA polymerase
|
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MOA enfuvirtied
|
HIV can't bind Tcell
|
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MOA maraviroc
|
Binds CCR5 so virus and tcell can't bind
|
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MOA protease inhibitors
|
NAVIR TEASE a proTEASE
blockade of viral protease preventing polyprotein cleavage into functional proteins -NAVIR |
|
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MOA NRTI
|
have YOU DINED (VUDINE) with my NUCLEar (NUCLEOSIDE) family?
conversion to "false nucleotides" -vudine |
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MOA raltegravir
|
integrase inhibitor
blocks viral integrase so virus DNA not part of human DNA |
|
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MOA metronidazole
|
reduced by bug to radical which attacks bug DNA
|
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DOC aspergillosis
|
Voriconazole
|
|
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DOC candidemia
|
Fluconazole
|
|
|
|
DOC cryptococcus neoformans meningitis
|
Ampho B + Flucytosine
+ Flucanzole for life |
|
