Pharm-Cns

Front 1

Digoxin

Back 1

1. dec. AV nodal conduction/ inh. Na/K/Atpase = inc. Ca conc. in heart cells = inc. contraction force

Front 2

Diltiazem

Back 2

2. Txt black men. Txt AV nodal re entrance

Front 3

Quinidine

Back 3

3. dec. AV nodal conduction. Cinchonism. Anticholinergic= aggravate MG. Hypotension= á block

Front 4

Verapamil

Back 4

4. dec. AV nodal conduction. dec. BP. Negative inotrope= no CHF use

Front 5

Propranolol

Back 5

5. dec. AV nodal conduction. dec. BP. Negative inotrope(= â block) Aggravates Asthma and Diabetes Melitus via â2 block.

Front 6

Diazoxide

Back 6

6. Balanced vasodilator.

Front 7

Niroprusside

Back 7

7. Balanced vasodilator. Unloads heart. inc.s cyanide= pre-txt w/ thiosulfate. Txt Acute HTN ‘v Crisis

Front 8

Reserpine

Back 8

8. Txt severe & resistant HTN. Depletes CA. See stuffy nose. No to pts w/ peptic ulcers.

Front 9

Dobutamine

Back 9

9. At high doses â2(+) offsets á1 = â1 inc. CO w/o systemic vascular resistance

Front 10

Dopamine

Back 10

10. At low doses Txt Shock= dilates renal and mesenteric aa= maintain urine output

Front 11

Esmolol

Back 11

11. Short acting â(-)

Front 12

Captopril

Back 12

12. Balanced vasodilator. Txt Outpt. CHF see dry cough(bradykinin induced)

Front 13

Digoxin

Back 13

13. Txt CHF & Atrial Flutter - inotropic - dec. K+ levels= dig. Toxicity

Front 14

Dig. Toxicity

Back 14

14. Fatal ventricular arrhythmias w/ severe AV block

Front 15

Quinidine

Back 15

15. ClassIa anti arrhythmic. Moderate Na Ch. Block

Front 16

Lidocaine

Back 16

16. ClassIb anit arrhythmic. Normalizes conduction. Txt initial MI= control arrhythmias

Front 17

Flecanide

Back 17

17. ClassIc anti arrhythmic. Marked conduction slowing

Front 18

Amiodarone

Back 18

18. Long t1/2= need potent doses to obtain desired level for action. See blue skin, ocular deposits, Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Front 19

NE

Back 19

19. inc. AV nodal conduction via â1. Metoprolol(-) â1

Front 20

Ach

Back 20

20. dec. AV nodal conduction via M receptor. Atorpine(-) M-r

Front 21

Atenolol

Back 21

21. Controls catecholamine induced arrhythmias

Front 22

Bretylium

Back 22

22. Txt Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias but causes passing catecholamine release that can aggravate arrhythmias briefly

Front 23

Nimodipine

Back 23

23. Txt Acute subarachnoid hemorrhage by preventing post hemorrhagic vasospasm

Front 24

Atropine

Back 24

24. dec. excess vagal tone as seen in Sinus Bradycardia

Front 25

Nitrates

Back 25

25. dec. preload= venous pooling. dec. MVO2= reflex tachy. inc. ventr work= dec O2 demand

Front 26

Propranolol

Back 26

26. Blocks reflex tachy but causes excess brady= inc. diastole time= inc. EDV

Front 27

Verapamil

Back 27

27. inc. O2 supply via dec. in vasospasm Txt Prinzmetal ‘s variant angina

Front 28

Aspirin

Back 28

28. Prevents arterial platelet adhesion (not DVThrombi). Inactivates COX= dec. platelet production of TxA2, a potent vasoconstictor

Front 29

Warfarin

Back 29

29. (-)Vit. K dependent gamma carboxylation of clotting factors= anticoagulation state

Front 30

Heparin

Back 30

30. Dependent on Antithrombin III activation

Front 31

TPA

Back 31

31. Binds to fibrin clots & activates plasminogen on the spot. Short t1/2, given IV. 32. Does not discriminate b/t fibrin-based clots= bleeding & stroke complications arise

Front 32

Streptokinase

Back 32

33. From bacteria= allergies arise. Can see excess bleeding in post-op pts.

Front 33

Urokinase

Back 33

34. Human source. inc. plasmin. Can see excess bleeding in post-op pts.

Front 34

Colestipol

Back 34

35. Bile acid sequestrants. Interrupt bile acid reabsorption= inc.inc. LDL uptake. Cholestyramine same MOA.

Front 35

Lovastatin

Back 35

36. HMGCoA reductase(-)= inc. LDL-r synthesis. Pravastatin/ Mevastatin same MOA.

Front 36

Losartan

Back 36

37. dec. Aldosterone. inc. Renin 2-3x ‘s

Front 37

Diazoxide

Back 37

38. Txt insulinomas. Not balanced vasodilator= onlt dilates arterial smooth muscle

Front 38

Clonidine

Back 38

39. Central á2(+). dec. TPR via dec. symapthetic effect

Front 39

Methyldopa

Back 39

40. Central á2(+). (++) Coombs= Hemolytic anemia

Front 40

Phenytoin

Back 40

41. ClassIb. Reverses mild AV block due to digitoxin toxicity

Front 41

Procainamide

Back 41

42. ClassIa. SLE like syndrome.

Front 42

Indopamide

Back 42

43. Only Thiazide that will have no effect on cholesterol levels

Front 43

Thiazides

Back 43

44. Older black men w/ HTN due to inc. Renin.

Front 44

â(-)

Back 44

45. Young white men w/o asthma (cause bronchospasm)

Front 45

ACEIs

Back 45

46. (-) change AI ! AII. (-) Bradykinin inactivation. Captopril/ Enalapril 47. Cause renal failure = use w/ caution in the elderly

Front 46

Epinephrine

Back 46

48. inc. contraction rate & force via â1. 49. inc. systolic but dec. diastolic BP. 50. dec. peripheral resistance via â2 vasodilaiton

Front 47

Norepi.

Back 47

51. inc. heart rate and inc. systolic and diastolic BP 52. inc. peripheral blood vessel resistance

Front 48

Methyldopa

Back 48

53. DOC for pregnancy induced HTN

Front 49

Quinidine pre-txt

Back 49

54. Atrial arrhythmia pretxt w/ a drug that will dec. ventricular response: Dig.;â(-); Ca Ch.(-)

Front 50

ClassII

Back 50

55. â(-) dec.risk fo reinfarction & sudden death following MI

Front 51

“Gray man”

Back 51

56. Amiodarone: ClassIII antiarrhythmia

Front 52

Beperidil

Back 52

57. Ca Ch(-). Limited clinical use due to Torsades de Pointes

Front 53

ACEIs

Back 53

58. Vasodilate renal efferents > than afferent arterioles: dec.GFR & Filtration pressure 59. dec. Diabetic renal failure progression

Front 54

Adenosine

Back 54

60. Its receptor is blocked by Methylxanthines (ie… Theophyline) 61. Favored for the Txt of Reentrant Supra Ventricular Tachycardia

Front 55

Enoxaparin

Back 55

62. Low molecular weight heparin = Oral anticoagulant

Front 56

Isoproterenol

Back 56

63. inc.HR & dec.MAP

Front 57

Variant angina

Back 57

64. Use Ca Ch. (-)r ie… Nifedipine Contraindicated in CHF 65. â (-)r = you don ‘t want to dec. the heart ‘s pumping strength