Pharm Chap1

Front 1

Acai

Back 1

Vitamin/ antioxidant/weight loss

Front 2

Aloe vera

Back 2

Topical app for skin irritations/burns

Front 3

Bilberry

Back 3

Vision ( protect/ improve)

Antioxidants

Terminate diarrhea

Front 4

Black cohash

Back 4

Relief of menopause symptoms

Front 5

Chlorophyll/chlorella

Back 5

Vitamin supplement

Improve digestion

Front 6

Cranberry

Back 6

Prevent UTI

Front 7

Echinacea

Back 7

Enhance immune system and treat common cold

Front 8

Elderberry

Back 8

Tx congestion in respiratory system due to common cold

Front 9

Evening primrose

Back 9

Relief of inflammatory and menopausal symptoms

Source of essential fatty acids

Front 10

Flaxseed

Back 10

Reduce cholesterol

Laxative

Front 11

Garlic

Back 11

Reduce cholesterol

Laxative

Anticoagulant

Reduce BP

Front 12

Ginger

Back 12

Antiemetic

GI distress

Anti inflammatory

Front 13

Ginko

Back 13

Improve memory and circulation

Reduce dizziness ginseng

Front 14

Ginseng

Back 14

Relief stress

Enhance immune system

Front 15

Grapeseed

Back 15

Antioxidant

Restore miro circulation to tissue

Source of essential Fatty acids

Front 16

Green tea

Back 16

Anti oxidant

Lower LDL levels

Prevent cancer

Relieve nausea, stomach problems

Front 17

Hawthorne

Back 17

To heart failure

Front 18

Horny goat weed

Back 18

Enhance sexual function

Front 19

Ma huang

Ephedra

Back 19

Tx respiratory problems

Adrenergic

Front 20

Milk thistle

Back 20

Protect against liver disease

Antioxidant

Front 21

Red rice yeast extract

Back 21

Reduce blood cholesterol

Front 22

Saw palmetto

Back 22

Tx benign prostatic hyperplasia

Front 23

Soy

Back 23

Protein/vitamin

Relief menopause

Prevent CVD

Anti cancer

Front 24

St. John wort

Back 24

Reduce depression

Reduce anxiety

Anti inflammatory

Front 25

Valerian

Back 25

Relief stress

Promote sleep

Front 26

Wheat grass/ barley

Back 26

Improve digestion

Vitamin supplement

Front 27

Wild yam root

Back 27

Menopause symptoms

Front 28

Yohimbe

Back 28

To erectile dysfunction

Front 29

CAM

Back 29

Complementary alternative medicine

Front 30

Botanicals

Back 30

Substance from a plant

Front 31

Controlled substances in 5 schedules

Back 31

Due to its potential for abuse and if accepted medical use

Front 32

controlled substances Scheduled drug CAT 1

Back 32

No medicinal use

Front 33

Controlled medical substances CAT 2-5

Back 33

Require Rx on hand every time the drug is needed to be refilled.

Front 34

Controlled medical substances CAT 2-5

Back 34

Require Rx on hand every time the drug is needed to be refilled.

Front 35

Controlled substances CAT1

Back 35

Highest potential for abuse

Danger

Front 36

Controlled substances CAT 5

Back 36

Safest

Lowest potential for abuse

Front 37

Drugs not on schedule

Back 37

Tabaco / alcohol/ caffeine

Front 38

Drug Enforcement Administration #

DEA #

Back 38

Needed in order to purchase scheduled drugs ( controlled substances)

Front 39

Teratogen

Back 39

Potential to cause fetal unborn child deformities during pregnancy

Front 40

Teratogenic Categorization

Back 40

A= good

X = worst/ will cause defects

Front 41

Which trimester is at high risk for teratogenic effects

Back 41

First trimester

Front 42

Generic drug names

Back 42

Non proprietary name for drug

Universally accepted

Lowercase letters

Front 43

Brand /trade name for drugs

Back 43

Proprietary name

Drug company

Uppercase letters

Front 44

Drug companies

Back 44

Have 20year patent

Companies may change the name slightly just to get another patent

Front 45

Drug bioavailability variations generic drugs vs trade name drugs

Back 45

Drugs vary in:

Inert fillers

Binders

Excipients

These are used to shape and control the release in the body

Physicians should specify whether or not a pharmacist is allowed to substitute one for the other

Caution when Rx of phenytoin and warfarin

Front 46

Pharmacokinetics

Back 46

Absorption

Distribution

Metabolism

Excretion

Front 47

Dissolution

Back 47

Particles must combine with liquid IOt form a solution IOT be absorbed by the GI tract into the blood stream

Drugs in liquid are already a solution

Front 48

Penicillin

Back 48

Poorly absorbed in gastric acid of GI tract

Adding K+ or Na allows penicillin to be absorbed

Front 49

Bioavailability

Back 49

% of drug that is actually going to do an effect.

Some are affected by first-pass effect

P.O. drugs never 100%

IV drugs =100%

Front 50

First pass effect

Back 50

P.O. meds absorbed from GI tract, pass from GI lumen > liver vial portal circulation.

Some drugs are metabolized and inactivated then excreted ( reducing amount of drug available for therapeutic effect)

Front 51

Distribution

Back 51

Circulation to tissues

Influences by:

Blood flow

Affinity to the drug

Plasma protein binding

Front 52

Is the drug efficacious

Back 52

Is the drug doing what it’s intended to do?

Front 53

Therapeutic index

Back 53

Minimum effective concentration (MEC) - toxic level

Front 54

SJS and TEN

Back 54

It’s a hypersensitivity reaction to these drugs:

Antibiotics

Anticonvulsant

Sulfa drugs

Front 55

Drug intersction

Back 55

Altered or modified action/ effect of a drug as an effect of multiple drugs

Front 56

Drug incompatibility

Back 56

Chemical or physical reaction that occurs among two or more drugs in vitro ( outside the body I.e. iv bag, syringe)

Front 57

Potentiation

Back 57

Increase in the power or effect of a drug

Front 58

Nikolsky sign

Back 58

I’m SJS AND TEN when sheets of skin slough off at pressure points