Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Neurotransmitters affected by the action of antidepressants
|
Norepinephrine and serotonin
|
|
|
Usual time needed for full effect of antidepressant therapy
|
2 to 3 weeks
|
|
|
Population group especially sensitive to side effects of antidepressants
|
Elderly patients
|
|
|
All antidepressants have roughly the same efficacy in treating depression, agents are chosen based on these criterion
|
Side-effect profile and prior pt response
|
|
|
Well-tolerated and are first-line antidepressants
|
SSRI's, bupropion, and venlafaxine
|
|
|
Most useful in patients with significant anxiety, phobic features, hypochondriasis, and resistant depression
|
Monamine oxidase inhibitors
|
|
|
Condition will result from in combination of MAOI with tyramine containing foods (ex. wine, cheese, and pickled meats)
|
Hypertensive crisis
|
|
|
MAOI should not be administered with SSRI's or potent TCA's due to development of this condition
|
Serotonin syndrome
|
|
|
Sedation is a common side effect of these drugs, they lower seizure threshold, uses include BAD, acute panic attacks, phobias, enuresis, and chronic pain and their overdose can be deadly
|
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
|
|
|
Three C's associated with TCA toxicity
|
Coma, Convulsions, Cardiac problems (arrhythmias and wide QRS)
|
|
|
TCA used in chronic pain, a hypnotic, and has marked antimuscarinic effects
|
Amitriptyline
|
|
|
TCA used in treating enuresis (bedwetting), and ADD
|
Imipramine
|
|
|
TCA with greatest sedation of this group, and marked antimuscarinic effects, used for sleep
|
Doxepin
|
|
|
TCA used in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), most significant of TCA's for risk of seizure, weight gain,
|
Clomipramine
|
|
|
Side effects seen with tricyclic antidepressants
|
Muscarinic blockade (dry mouth, constipation); weak alpha-1 block (orthostatic hypotension); weak hisamine block (sedation)
|
|
|
Antidepressant associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome
|
Amoxapine
|
|
|
Antidepressant with MOA as alpha 2 antagonist, SE is sedation
|
Mirtazapine
|
|
|
Antidepressant having stimulant effects similar to SSRI's and can increase blood pressure
- inhibiting norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine reuptake |
Venlafaxine (SNRI)
|
|
|
Antidepressant also used for sleep that causes priapism
|
Trazodone (5HT2 antagonist)
|
|
|
Antidepressant which is inhibitor of CYP450 enzymes and may be associated with hepatic failure
|
Nefazodone (5HT2 antagonist)
|
|
|
Heterocyclic antidepressants least likely to affect sexual performance, used for management of nicotine withdrawal, SE's include dizziness, dry mouth, aggravation of psychosis, and seizures
|
Bupropion
|
|
|
All SSRI have significant inhibition of CytP450 enzymes except
|
Citalopram and escitalopram
|
|
|
Side effects frequently seen with SSRIs
|
CNS stimulation; GI upset
|
|
|
Antidepressants with no effect on BP, no sedation
|
SSRIs
|
|
|
-SSRI with long T1/2 and can be administered once weekly for maintenance, not acute tx
-SSRI indicated for premenstrual dysphoric disorder -SSRI less likely to cause a withdrawal syndrome |
Fluoxetine
|
