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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hyperglycemia - s/s
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obtundation
dehydration hypotension with tachycardia |
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hyperglycemia - lab findings
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incr Se glucose (>800mg/dL)
incr BUN, SCr incr or decr K & Na |
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water deficit - s/s
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weight loss
thirt flushed / loose skin dehydrated appearance orthostatic hypotension tachycardia oliguria absence of axillary sweat hallucination delirium coma |
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water deficit - lab findings
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incr solute concentration
incr BUN, SCr, urine specific gravity, osmolality |
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water excess - s/s
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weight gain
edema headache n/v abdominal cramps dyspnea jugular venous distention rales on pulmonary exam weakness stupor convulsion coma |
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water excess - lab findings
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dilution of solutes
low SeNa & protein low BUN low plasma osmolality |
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hypernatremia - s/s
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thirst
weight loss flushed loose skin tachycardia hypotension oliguria irritability ataxia spasticity confusion seizures |
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hypernatremia - lab findings
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incr SeNa & osmolality
incr BUN incr urine osmolality |
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hyponatremia - s/s
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thirst
faintness dizziness dry mucosa loss of skin tugor tachycardia orthostatic hypotension oliguria edema headache n/v convulsion coma |
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hyponatremia - lab findings
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low SeNa
elevated BUN & SCr |
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hyperkalemia - s/s
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weakness
abdominal distention diarrhea cardiac abhormalities (slowed heart rate, ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest) |
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hyperkalemia - lab findings
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elevated Se K
renal impairment EKG findings |
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hypokalemia - s/s
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weakness
parathesias hyporeflexia flaccid paralysis |
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hypokalemia - lab findings
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decr Se K
EKG findings |
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hypercalcemia - s/s
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anorexia
n/v constipation polyuria weakness hyporeflexia tremor lethargy confusion |
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hypercalcemia - lab findings
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incr se Ca
EKG changes |
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hypocalcemia - s/s
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muscle cramps
tetany convulsions stridor & dyspnea diplopia abdominal cramps urinary frequency Chvostek's sign Trousseau's sign |
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hypocalcemia - lab findings
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decr Ca
decr albumin incr phosphate decr Mg EKG changes |
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hypermagnesemia - s/s
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weakness
flaccid paralysis mental obtundation confusion |
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hypermagnesemia - lab findings
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incr SeMg, SCr, BUN, phosphate, K, uric acid
decr Ca EKG changes |
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hypomagnesemia - s/s
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weakness
muscle cramps tremor hyperirritability athetoid movements jerking nystagmus positive Babinski response hypertension tachycardia ventricular arrhythmias confusion |
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hypomagnesemia - lab findings
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low SeMg
low Ca & K EKG changes |
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hypophosphatemia - s/s
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irritability
apprehension weakness numbness parathesia confusion anorexia pain in muscles / bones fractures hemolytic anemia incr susceptibility to infections rhadbomyolysis |
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hypophosphatemia - lab findings
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low phosphate
neurological irritability anemia incr SCr kinase bone changes |
